Chapter 6 part b

Origin

Attachment point of a muscle to an immovable or less movable bone.

Insertion

Attachment point of a muscle to a movable bone.

Flexion

Decreases the angle of the joint, bringing two bones closer together.

Extension

Increases the angle between two bones, the opposite of flexion.

Hyperextension

Extension of a joint beyond its normal range of motion.

Rotation

Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis.

Abduction

Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

Adduction

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

Circumduction

Combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, typically occurring in ball-and-socket joints.

Dorsiflexion

Lifting the foot so that the superior surface approaches the shin.

Plantar flexion

Pointing the toes away from the head.

Inversion

Turning the sole of the foot medially.

Eversion

Turning the sole of the foot laterally.

Supination

Forearm rotation where the palm faces anteriorly, and radius and ulna are parallel.

Pronation

Forearm rotation where the palm faces posteriorly, and radius and ulna cross each other.

Opposition

Moving the thumb to touch the tips of other fingers on the same hand.

Prime mover

Muscle with the major responsibility for a certain movement.

Antagonist

Muscle that opposes or reverses the action of a prime mover.

Synergist

Muscle that aids a prime mover in a movement or reduces undesirable movements.

Fixator

Specialized synergists that stabilize the origin of a prime mover.

Rectus

Term describing straight muscle fibers.

Maximus

Term indicating the largest muscle.

Triceps

Muscle with three origins.

Sterno

Term denoting a muscle's attachment to the sternum.

Deltoid

Triangular-shaped muscle.

Flexor

Muscle that flexes a bone.

Extensor

Muscle that extends a bone.