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FLASH CARDS/PRACTICE
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CONCEPT PAPER
is a short, clear document that outlines the main idea of a proposed project, program, or research study before you fully develop it.
KEY COMPONENTS OF THE CONCEPT PAPER
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PURPOSES/ NEEDS
3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
4. GOALS/ OBJECTIVES/ AIMS
5. METHOD AND TIMELINE
6. BUDGET/NEEDS AND REQUESTED SUPPORT
7. BENEFITS/ EXPECTED OUTCOME
8. CONTACT INFORMATION
INTRODUCTION
This introduces the idea and identifies the program/ project.
PURPOSES/ NEEDS
These explain why the project needs to be done.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This describes the impact of the project on the beneficiaries.
GOALS/ OBJECTIVES/ AIMS
These state the intentions of the writer or the aims or objectives of the project being proposed.
METHOD AND TIMELINE
This describes how the project will be carried out and the duration of time to be consumed for the project to be completed.
BUDGET/NEEDS AND REQUESTED SUPPORT
This indicates the overall budget to finance the project. It also indicates the project’s need for financial and people support.
BENEFITS/ EXPECTED OUTCOME
This indicates the benefits to be enjoyed by the recipients and what will be expected to happen.
CONTACT INFORMATION
This indicates where you can be contacted for information needed. You address and contact numbers are necessary.
REVIEW PAPER
is to inform. It summarizes the current state of knowledge of a particular topic. It may also present the current state of action implemented to the recent.
KEY COMPONENTS OF REVIEW PAPER
1. TITLE
2. ABSTRACT
3. KEYWORDS
4. INTRODUCTION
5. METHODOLOGY FOR THE REVIEW (optional but increasingly common)
6. THEMATIC/TOPICAL SECTIONS (Main Body)
7. CRITICAL ANALYSIS
8. FUTURE DIRECTIONS/RESEARCH GAPS
9. CONCLUSION
10. REFERENCES
POSITION PAPER
is a document that clearly states and defends an author's or organization's arguable opinion on a specific issue.
FACTS
based on evidence; statistics; and reliable source
PERSONAL TASTES OR OPINIONS
personal knowledge; stand on an issue; and open to debate or dispute.
COVER LETTER
by its name, covers the resume. It should be short and simple
FIRST PARAGRAPH
Highlight your objective for applying in the job position, and how you discovered the position.
SECOND PARAGRAPH
Highlight the credentials that qualify you for such a position.
THIRD PARAGRAPH
should bring a friendly end to your letter by offering how you can be reached.
RESUME
should be one page only. The resume should contain important details of the credentials that you have mentioned in the cover letter. Your one-page resume, on the other hand, should contain only the relevant details for the job you are applying for.
JOB INTERVIEW
is your chance to convince the employer that you are the most qualified person for the job. Prepare yourself prior to your scheduled interview.
WRITING REPORTS
A report is a systematic, well-organized presentation of an issue, problem, or an incident.
INFORMATIVE REPORT
Presents facts, data, and information about a topic without giving personal opinions or suggestions. Its goal is to inform the reader clearly and accurately—for example, a report on a company’s yearly performance or a summary of a school survey.
INVESTIGATIVE REPORT
aims to explore or examine an issue, problem, or situation in depth. It involves research, evidence, and analysis to uncover causes, results, or the truth behind an event. This type of report often answers why or how something happened, such as investigating a business problem, a crime, or a scientific issue. Its goal is to present findings objectively and help readers understand the situation based on gathered evidence.
RECOMMENDATION REPORT
It provides information but also suggests actions or solutions based on the findings. It usually comes after investigation or research and is meant to guide decision-making.
STRUCTURE OF A REPORT
1. COVER PAGE
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT PAGE
3. CONTENT PAGE/ TABLE OF CONTENTS
4. DEFINITION OF TERMS
5. INTRODUCTION
6. OBJECTIVES
7. MAIN BODY
8. RESULTS
9. CONCLUSIONS
10. RECOMMENDATIONS
11. APPENDICES
12. REFERENCE
TOPIC
is researchable if the knowledge and information about it are supported by evidence that is observable, factual and logical.
RESEARCH PROBLEM
The ultimate goal of the research is not only to propose ways of studying things, people, places and events, but also to discover and introduce new practices, strategies, or techniques in solving a problem.
BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM
Spend time getting background knowledge about the problem that triggered off your research topic to discover its relation to what the world knows about your topic.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Enables you to generate a set of research questions. Your ability to identify your research problem and to formulate the questions depends on the background knowledge you have about the topic
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
This refers to the questionnaire or data-gathering tool to be constructed, validated, and administered.
OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS
Ask respondents to supply their own answer. No pre-defined answers are given, so respondents are free to write what they want.
DATA COLLECTION METHOD
Quickly describe whose permission will be sought and the arrangements to make to administer instruments. Describe when instruments will be administered and who will administer them. Add details on arrangements and administration of instruments, if needed.
DATA ANALYSIS
This section indicates how the data will be analyzed and reported; it should specify the qualitative method that will be used in analyzing the data gathered for the research.