People tend to believe in descriptions of their personality that could in fact describe almost anyone.
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Hawthore effect
People tend to act better or how they think they should act while being watched. "Haww I'm being watched"
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interpretive sociology
the study of society that focuses on discovering the meanings people attach to their social world
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Structural/Functional approach
a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Think of a body each part of the body has a function to make a whole human
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Social Conflict Theory
a framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change. Some people have advantages while others are disadvantaged
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Latent Functions
unrecognized and unintended consequences of any social pattern. That's the last thing I wanted to happen
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Manifest Functions
the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern. Man I wanted that to happen
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Positvism
study of society based on scientific observations of social behavior
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High-Income Countries
the nations with the highest overall standards of living, produce most goods and services
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Middle-Income Countries
nations with a standard of living about average for the world as a whole. Most social inequality, some very rich while others very poor
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Low-Income Countries
nations with a low standard of living in which most people are poor. Majority of people are poor and hardly getting by, poor housing, unsafe water, too little food.
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Seeing the general in the particular
seeing general patterns of behavior in particular groups
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Seeing the strange in the familiar
initially strange ideas that society shapes what we think and do
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Single-Blind Experiment
an experiment in which the participants are unaware of which participants received the treatment but experimenters know
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Double-Blind Experiment
an experiment in which neither the experimenter nor the participants know which participants received which treatment
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Independent Variable
the variable that is changed
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Dependent Variable
The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.
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Control Group
the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.
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Experimental Group
the group in an experiment that receives the variable being tested
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Correlation Coefficient
A scale from 1 to -1, .5 (or -.5) and greater is strong
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Positive Correlation
both variables either increase or decrease together
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Negative Correlation
as one variable increases, the other decreases
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Mean
average
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Median
Midpoint of data, 50th percentile
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Mode
most frequently occurring score
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Mores
accepted standards and customs of a social group. Right Vs. Wrong. Morals
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Folkways
norms for routine or casual interaction, Right Vs. Rude.
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Ideal Culture
the standards a society would like to embrace and live up to
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Real Culture
actual behavior patterns of members of a group
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Hunting and Gathering Societies
the use of simple tools to hunt animals and gather vegetation for food
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Horticulture and Pastoralism Societies
the use of hand tools to raise crops and domestication of animals. More belief in God
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Agriculture Societies
large-scale cultivation using plows harnessed to animals or more powerful energy sources. Most inequality
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Industrial Societies
the production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery
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Postindustrial Societies
the production of information using computer technology
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Popular Culture
cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's population
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High Culture
cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite
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Multiculturalism
promoting culture equal standing
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Counterculture
A culture with lifestyles and values opposed to those of the established culture. I.E Amish
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3 Ways Culture is Spread
D.I.D Diffusion- Spreading of culture to another or within a culture Invention- New things shifting the culture Discovery- Changes to things that already exist
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Ethnocentrism
evaluation of other cultures according your own culture
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Cultural Relativism
the practice of judging a culture by its own standards
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How Rock Demonstrates Cultural Spread
A combination of jazz, blues, gospel from African Americans and western and country from white people. the crossover with mainstream pop and add in jazz, blues, country and western.
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Sociobiological
Explores ways in which human biology affects how we create culture, survival of the fittest, from Charles Darwin
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Sociological Imagination
When someone will blame the social status rather than take the blame for themselves. like in a recession people don’t blame themselves
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Symbolic Interaction
looking at a small group and seeing how they see the world, micro level
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Sub Culture
a small group of people that have their own culture different from the pop culture. like pokemon or
Studied by 12 people
