PREBOARDS NP1

1. It is the branch of philosophy concerned with the distinction between right and wrong based on a body of knowledge, not based only on opinions.

A. Morality
B. Ethics
C. Virtues
D. Values

B. Ethics

2. The Code of Ethics serves as a guide for one's actions. It aims to improve one's discretion. All but one of the following is embodied in the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics

A. The nurse's primary commitment is to the client, whether an individual, family, group or community
B. The nurse promotes, advocates for, and strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of clients only under her direct care
C. The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to preserve integrity and safety, to maintain competence, and to continue personal and professional growth
D. The profession of nursing, as represented by associations and their members, is responsible for articulating nursing values, for maintaining the integrity of the profession and its practice, and for shaping social policy

B. The nurse promotes, advocates for, and strives to protect the health, safety, and rights of clients only under her direct care

3. Aside from direct client care, the nurse assumes several roles in and out the health care setting and they often carry out these roles concurrently rather than exclusively of one another. Which of the following roles encompasses the ability to influence others to accomplice a specific goal?

A. Advocate
B. Leader
C. Communicator
D. Manager

B. Leader

4. Nurses pursue further education and fulfills expanded career roles. The nurse-midwife may perform the following independently:
1. Prenatal care
2. Postnatal care
3. Manual evacuation of placenta
4. Manage deliveries in normal pregnancies
5. Pap smears
6. Blood transfusion
7. Family planning
8. Clinical breast exams

A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7
B. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7
C. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8
D. 1, 2, 4, and 7

C. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8

5. Nurses are governed by civil and criminal law in roles as providers of services, employees of institutions, and private citizens. A nurse who does not meet the standards of care may be held liable and may be subjected to civil cases. What is a civil law?

A. Concerned with the enforcement of agreements among private individuals
B. Concerned with relationships among persons and the protection of a person's rights
C. Concerned with relationships between individuals and governments, and with acts that threaten society and its order
D. Civil wrong

B. Concerned with relationships among persons and the protection of a person's rights

Situation: A 16-year old client is to undergo a Cesarean Section. Nurse Theo is aware of the legal implication of an informed consent. Informed consent serves as the client's permission to perform surgery, perform a treatment or procedure, or give information to a third party.

6. The client needs to be a participant in decisions regarding health care. The following are guidelines in signing the informed consent.

1. A consent must be signed freely by the client without threat or pressure
2. Must be witnessed by anyone
3. If a client is declared mentally or emotionally incompetent, the next of kin, any guardian, or durable power of attorney has legal authority to give consent
4. A client has the right to refuse information
5. The client has the right to waive the informed consent and undergo treatment

A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B. 1, 3, 4
C. 1, 3, 4, 5
D. 1, 4, 5

D. 1, 4, 5

7. In signing consents, the client should be mentally and emotionally competent. Who among the following clients may sign the informed consent?

A. Declared incompetent
B. Under the influence of absinthe
C. Diagnosed with dysthymia
D. Unconscious

C. Diagnosed with dysthymia

8. The mother of the client asks who should sign the consent. Nurse Theo's response should be guided by which of the following principles?

A. The consent should be signed by someone of legal age (18 years old)
B. A minor may not give legal consent, and consent must be obtained from a parent or the legal guardian
C. Parental or guardian consent should be obtained before treatment is initiated for a minor
D. An emancipated minor is considered legally capable of signing an informed consent

D. An emancipated minor is considered legally capable of signing an informed consent

9. All of the following is a violation and invasion of client privacy, except:

A. Taking photographs of the client for medical purposes while she is in general anesthesia, and making sure to put a black bar over the eyes upon print out
B. Drawing out the curtains while performing a medical procedure
C. Intrusion by the health care agency regarding the client's affairs
D. Leaving a confused or agitated client sitting in the nursing unit hallway

B. Drawing out the curtains while performing a medical procedure

10. The client asks if she needs a durable power of attorney. Upon assessment, Nurse Theo concludes that the client has an incorrect perception of the topic. Nurse Theo corrects this by stating that a durable power of attorney:

A. Is the client's right to identify written directions about the care that they wish to receive
B. Lists the medical treatments that a client chooses to omit or refuse if the client becomes unable to make decisions and is terminally ill
C. Appoints a healthy proxy to make health care decisions on his/her behalf when the client can no longer make decisions
D. Is an order written by a physician when a client has indicated a desire to be allowed to die

C. Appoints a healthy proxy to make health care decisions on his/her behalf when the client can no longer make decisions

Situation: Professional nurses need to provide integrated, cost-effective care to clients by coordinating, supervising and collaborating or consulting with members of the multidisciplinary health care team. Nurse works in the medical-surgical unit in a tertiary hospital in his place. Ever since he was a kid, Nurse Dave always wanted to be a registered nurse. After passing the boards, he applied in the hospital. Ever since, he worked hard and was committed to his profession. He is able to influence change and improvement among his staff nurses by setting a good example. Because of his dedication to nursing and commitment to the institution's mission-vision, he was promoted as a nurse supervisor.

11. His subordinates follow him. Nurse Dave assumes the role of a/n:

A. Leader
B. Manager
C. Advocate
D. Communicator

A. Leader

12. Which among the theories of leadership and management applies to Nurse Dave?

A. Charismatic
B. Servant
C. Transactional
D. Transformational

D. Transformational

13. As part of quality improvement, Nurse Dave is facilitating a meeting regarding the most effective nursing delivery system. Nurse Dave asks type of health care delivery system is otherwise known as "total care" or "case method" wherein the registered nurse assumes total responsibility for planning and delivering care to a client. Nurse Lynne is correct if she answers:

A. Functional Nursing
B. Primary Nursing
C. Team Nursing
D. Client-focused care

D. Client-focused care

14. The following are qualities of an effective leader and manager, except:

A. Independent
B. Credible
C. Risk-taker
D. Persuasive and influences employees

A. Independent

15. A new nursing graduate is attending an agency orientation regarding the nursing model of practice implemented in the health care facility. The nurse is told that the nursing model is a team nursing approach. The nurse understands that planning care delivery will be based on which characteristic of this type of nursing model of practice?

A. A task approach method is used to provide care to clients
B. Managed care concepts and tools are used in providing care
C. A single registered nurse is responsible for providing care to a group of clients
D. A registered nurse leads nursing personnel in providing care to a group of clients

D. A registered nurse leads nursing personnel in providing care to a group of clients

Situation: Verbal communication is extremely important especially when the Nurse is exploring problems and disorders with the clients in any age group. Nurse Dante is assigned to different clients in the ward.

16. A client is hospitalized with a diagnosis of possible Cancer of the pancreas. On admission the client asks the nurse, "Do you think I have anything serious like cancer? "What is the nurse's best reply?

A. "What makes you think you have cancer?
B. "I don't know if you do, but let's talk about it."
C. "Why don't you discuss this with your doctor?"
D. "Don't worry, we won't know until all the test result are back."

B. "I don't know if you do, but let's talk about it."

17. Nurse Dante approaches a male client and asks how he is feeling. The client states "I'm feeling a bit nervous today." Which of the following is the Nurse's best reply?

A. Please explain what you mean by the word nervous
B. What is making you feel nervous?
C. Would a backrub ease your nervousness?
D. You do look like you're nervous

A. Please explain what you mean by the word nervous

18. When assessing a client what statement would indicate negative self talk?

A. Everyone has to learn something new sometime
B. I am looking forward to making home visits , but I am also nervous
C. This is going to be difficult, but I know I can do it
D. Who can ever have enough experience to prepare for that job?

D. Who can ever have enough experience to prepare for that job?

19. While receiving a preoperative enema a client starts to cry and says. "I'm sorry you have to do this messy thing with me," what is the best response by the nurse?

A. I don't mind it."
B. "You seem to be upset."
C. "This is part of my job."
D. "Nurses get used to this."

B. "You seem to be upset."

20. "But you don't understand" is a common statement associated with adolescent. The best response by the nurse when communicating with an adolescent is to say:

A. "I don't understand."
B. "I would like to understand, let's talk."
C. "I don't understand. I was a teenager once too."
D. "I'm not sure have to I believe it's you who has to understand."

B. "I would like to understand, let's talk."

Situation: A Problem Oriented Medical Recording (POMR) is the main source of information and communication among nurses and other members of the health team. This allows conveying meaningful data about client.

21. The care plan includes a nursing intervention "4/2/11 Measure client's fluid intake and output. F. Juantong, RN." What element of a proper nursing intervention has been omitted?

A. Action verb
B. Content
C. Time
D. None

C. Time

22. Which charting entry would be the most defensible in court?

A. Client fell out of bed
B. Client drunk on admission
C. Large bruise on left thigh
D. Notified Dr. Jones of BP of 90/40

D. Notified Dr. Jones of BP of 90/40

23. A 74-year-old female is brought to the emergency department with complaints of right hip pain. The right leg is shorter than the left and is extremely rotated. During inspection, Nurse Manny observes what appears to be cigarette burns on the client's inner thighs. Which of the following is the most appropriate documentation?

A. Six round skin lesions partially healed, on the inner thighs bilaterally
B. Several burned areas on both of the client's inner thighs
C. Multiple lesions on inner thighs possibly related to elder abuse
D. Several lesions on inner thighs similar to cigarette burns

D. Several lesions on inner thighs similar to cigarette burns

24. When planning care for assigned clients, what care can the Head Nurse Badong on a Medical-Surgical unit safely delegate to a Novice nurse?

A. Evaluating the effectiveness of acetaminophen and codeine (Tylenol No 3)
B. Obtaining an apical pulse rate before administration of coral digoxin (Lanoxin)
C. Assisting a client who has patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) to the bathroom
D. Assessing the wound integrity of client recovering from an abdominal laparotomy

C. Assisting a client who has patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) to the bathroom

25. The Nurse is assigned to care for four clients. In planning client rounds, which client would the Nurse Badong assess first?

A. A client receiving oxygen via nasal cannula who had difficulty breathing during the previous shift
B. A postoperative client preparing for discharge
C. A client scheduled for a chest X-ray
D. A client requiring daily dressing changes

A. A client receiving oxygen via nasal cannula who had difficulty breathing during the previous shift

Situation: One of the important roles of the Nurses is being a Health Educator. Clients would always seek information on Health maintenance to prevent illness.

26. Nurse Diana is teaching a client about prescribe restricted diet. What is the Nurse's best initial comment?

A. "You can eat only the on this list."
B. "What types of food do you usually eat?"
C. "You need to limit the intake of food on this list."
D. "Do you understand why you have these food restrictions?"

D. "Do you understand why you have these food restrictions?"

27. Nurse Diana is preparing a nursing care plan to a client with Diabetes Mellitus (D.M.) that includes before discharge to know how to self-administer insulin, adjust the insulin dosage, understand the diet, and test the serum for glucose level. The client progresses well and is discharge 5 days following admission. Legally the:

A. Nurse was properly functioning as a health teacher
B. Visiting nurse should do health teaching in the client's home
C. Family members also should have been taught to administer the insulin
D. Physician was responsible and the nurse should have cleared the care with the physician

A. Nurse was properly functioning as a health teacher

28. Which teaching method has been evaluated as most effective in a new diabetic client?

A. Utilizing breaks after each unit of the teaching session
B. Having the client repeat the steps of insulin administration
C. Encouraging the client to ask many questions
D. Confirming that the client is able to give his own insulin

D. Confirming that the client is able to give his own insulin

29. Which of the following statements by a client would alert the Nurse that further teaching on the idea of a restful sleep is indicated?

A. I don't take naps throughout the day
B. I go to bed and get up routinely at the same time each day
C. I have a small snack and take a bath before going to bed each day
D. I went to bed earlier than usual and I rested and watched television until I fall asleep

D. I went to bed earlier than usual and I rested and watched television until I fall asleep

30. What can the Nurse do to support the client's ability to sleep in the hospital setting?

A. Assess the client's towards the end of the shift , closer to the normal awakening time
B. Darken the room as much as possible by keeping the lights off
C. Limit the noise and distraction on the unit
D. Provide a bath or shower before bedtime

C. Limit the noise and distraction on the unit

Situation: Benjie, a charge nurse, is attending to the client with an intravenous fluid.

31. What does Nurse Benjie identify as the most likely cause of the infiltration of a client's IV?

A. Excessive height of the IV solution
B. Failure to a adequately secure the catheter
C. Lack of asepsis during catheter insertion
D. Infusion of chemically irritating medication

B. Failure to a adequately secure the catheter

32. Another client has an IV infusion. If the IV infusion infiltrates, what should Nurse Benjie do first?

A. Elevate the IV site.
B. Discontinue the infusion.
C. Attempt to flush the tube.
D. Apply a warm, moist compress.

B. Discontinue the infusion.

33. The Physician orders the application of a warm soak to an IV site that has infiltrated. Nurse Benjie understands that the application of local heat transfer temperature to the body via the principles of:

A. Radiation
B. Insulation
C. Convection
D. Conduction

D. Conduction

34. A Physician orders 2000 ml of 5% dextrose and ½ Normal Saline to infuse over 24 hours. The drop factor is 15 drops per ml. Nurse Benjie sets the flow rate at how many drops per minute?

A. 15 drops per minute
B. 17 drops per minute
C. 21 drops per minute
D. 28 drops per minute

C. 21 drops per minute

35. A Physician has ordered 1000 ml of intravenous fluid to another client to run at 45 drops per minute. Using 15 drops per cc dropper, approximately how long should the IVF run?

A. 4 hours
B. 4.5 hours
C. 5 hours
D. 5.5 hours

D. 5.5 hours

Situation: Four days after abdominal surgery a client has not passed flatus and there are no bowel sounds. Paralytic Ileus is suspected.

36. Nora a medical ward nurse understands that this decrease in bowel function is most likely caused by which situation?

A. Decrease blood supply
B. Impaired neural functioning
C. Perforation of the bowel wall
D. Obstruction of the bowel lumen

B. Impaired neural functioning

37. Another client in the ward has been prescribed of an Enema. During administration of an Enema, a client complains of intestinal cramps. What should Nurse Nora do?

A. Give it at a slower rate
B. Discontinue the procedures
C. Stop until cramps are gone
D. Lower the height of the container

C. Stop until cramps are gone

38. Frank 48 year old is admitted for complaints of moderate to severe abdominal pain for 2 weeks. He has a strong history of Cancer. Nurse Nora explains to a client who is schedule for a Barium enema that visualization of the GI tract is made possible by the:

A. High x-ray absorbing properties of barium
B. Coloring of the intestinal wall with barium
C. High x-ray transmitting properties of barium
D. Chemical interaction between electrolytes and barium

A. High x-ray absorbing properties of barium

39. Another client needs further laboratory studies like the 24-hour urine collection. When collecting a 24-hour urine specimen, what should Nurse Nora do?

A. Check preservatives needed to be added
B. Weigh the client before starting the collection
C. Discard the last voided specimen of the 24-hours period
D. Check the client's intake and output for the previous 24-hour period

A. Check preservatives needed to be added

40. Nurse Nora is emptying a client's urinal when she notices the urine is dark and amber, cloudy and has an unpleasant odor. The Nurse would suspect the client has what conditions?

A. A urinary tract infection
B. Urinary Incontinence
C. Urinary frequency
D. Urinary retention

A. A urinary tract infection

41. The nurse understands that the main reason that sink faucets in a client's room are considered contaminated is that:

A. They are not in sterile areas
B. They are opened with dirty hands
C. large numbers of people use them
D. Water encourages bacterial growth

B. They are opened with dirty hands

42. When the nurse washes the hands before and after caring for a client, the nurse understands that the most important aspect of hand washing is:

A. Time
B. Soap
C. Water
D. Friction

D. Friction

43. The nurse is expected to apply a dressing to a client's surgical wound using sterile technique. While engaging in this activity, the nurse accidentally places a moist sterile gauze pad in the cloth sterile field. The nurse understands that the sterile is now contaminated because of:

A. Dialysis
B. Osmosis
C. Diffusion
D. Capillarity

D. Capillarity

44. The nurse is preparing to change a client's dressing. Which statement best explains the basis of surgical asepsis as it relates to this procedure:

A. Keep the area free of microorganisms.
B. Confine microorganisms to the surgical site.
C. Protect self from microorganisms in the wound.
D. Keep the number of opportunistic microorganisms to a minimum.

A. Keep the area free of microorganisms.

45. When assessing an obese client, the nurse identifies dehiscence and evisceration of the abdominal surgical wound. After placing the client in the low-fowler's position with the knees slightly bent and encouraging the client to lie quietly, what should the nurse do next?

A. Notify the physician
B. Obtain the client's vital signs.
C. Reinsert the protruding organs
D. Cover the wound with a sterile towel moistened with saline

D. Cover the wound with a sterile towel moistened with saline

Situation: Nurse Wally a senior nurse is monitoring the integumentary conditions of the clients in the ward especially the skin ulcers. Pressure sores are serious problems and often diminish quality life of patients.

46. During the initial physical assessment of a newly admitted client with a pressure ulcer, Nurse Wally identifies that the client is dehydrated and the skin is dry and scaly. He immediately applies emollients to the client's skin and reinforces the dressing on the pressure ulcer. Legally:

A. The nurse should have instituted a plan to increase activity
B. The nurse provided supportive nursing care for the well-being of the client
C. No treatment should have been instituted for the client until the physician's orders were received
D. Debridement of the pressure ulcer should have been done by the nurse before the dressing was applied

B. The nurse provided supportive nursing care for the well-being of the client

47. Another emaciated older adult develops a large pressure ulcer after refusing to change position for extended periods of time. The family is very upset, blames the nurses, and threatens to sue her. The decision in this suit would take into consideration the fact that:

A. The client should be turned every hour
B. Pressure ulcer frequently occur in older clients
C. Nurses are not responsible to the client's family
D. The nurse should uphold the client's right not to be moved

A. The client should be turned every hour

48. The Physician made his rounds and suspects a client with Melanoma also has primary Cancerous lesions in the connective tissues. Nurse Wally understands that these lesions are classified as:

A. Sarcomas
B. Carcinomas
C. Collagenomas
D. Osteoblastomas

A. Sarcomas

49. Nurse Wally is attending to a post-op client. In which position should the nurse place a client recovering from general anesthesia?

A. Supine
B. Side-lying
C. High-flower
D. Trendelenburg

B. Side-lying

50. Nurse Wally applies an ice pack to a client's leg for 20 minutes. Which clinical indicator would help Nurse Wally determine the effectiveness of the cold application?

A. Local anesthesia
B. Peripheral vasodilation
C. Depression of vital sign
D. Decreased viscosity of blood

A. Local anesthesia

Situation: Vital signs are important indicators of health and it provides critical information about body functions.

51. When talking a client's Apical pulse, where should the nurse place the stethoscope?

A. Just to the left of the median point of the sternum
B. In the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line
C. Between the sixth and seventh ribs at the left medaxillary line
D. Between the third and fourth ribs and to the left of the sternum

B. In the fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line

52. During an interview, the nurse discovered that the spouse of a debilitated client's regularly digitally removes stool from the client's rectum. The nurse explores other strategies to regulate the client's bowel movement because impaction could stimulate the vagus nerve and result in:

A. Tachycardia
B. Slowing of the Heart
C. Dilation of the Bronchioles
D. Coronary Artery Vasodilation

B. Slowing of the Heart

53. A client with episodes of a Cardiac Dysrhythmias is to wear a Holter monitor for 24 hours. When planning a teaching session for this client, what information should the Nurse include about the monitor? The monitor:

A. Can be taken off while bathing
B. Can record activities and manifestation of response
C. will assist in determining the size and counter of the hearth
D. will record tracing of abnormal cardiac rhythms during activities of daily living

D. will record tracing of abnormal cardiac rhythms during activities of daily living

54. The nurse document that a client's Pulse pressure is decreasing. To determine the accuracy of this statement, what must the Nurse calculate?

A. Force exerted against an Arterial wall
B. Different between the Apical and Radial rates
C. Difference between Systolic and Diastolic readings
D. May be a forerunner of Hemorrhage

C. Difference between Systolic and Diastolic readings

55. Another client has undergone an Open-Heart surgery and he develops a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C). The Nurse notifies the Physician because elevated temperature:

A. Increases the cardiac output
B. May be indicate cerebral edema
C. Are likely to lead to diaphoresis
D. May be a forerunner of hemorrhage

A. Increases the cardiac output

Situation: Good nutrition is essential to good health and disease prevention. Any person involved in health care, needs a thorough knowledge of the body's nutritional requirements throughout the life span.

56. The nurse should include the information that a complete food protein of high biological value is one that contains:

A. All of the amino acids in sufficient quantity to meet human requirements
B. All of the essential amino acids in any proportion to meet human needs
C. The essential amino acids in any proportion because the body can always fill in the difference needed
D. Most of the amino acids from which the body will make additional amounts of the essential amino acids needed

B. All of the essential amino acids in any proportion to meet human needs

57. The nurse identifies that the client understands information about vitamin K when the client state, "Vitamin K is:

A. Found in wide variety of foods, so there is no danger of deficiency."
B. Produced in sufficient amounts for metabolic needs by intestinal bacterial."
C. Easily absorbed without assistance, so all that is consumed is absorbed."
D. Rarely found in dietary food sources, so natural deficiencies can easily occur."

B. Produced in sufficient amounts for metabolic needs by intestinal bacterial."

58. Before the nurse can assess the response of a client to a deficiency in Vitamin C, the nurse needs to understand that Vitamin C is related to tissue integrity and hemorrhagic disease. The nurse needs to know that Vitamin C controls such disorders by:

A. Preventing tissue hemorrhage by providing essential blood-clotting materials
B. Preserving the structural integrity of tissue by protecting the lipid matrix of cells walls from peroxidation
C. Facilitating adequate absorption of calcium and phosphorous for bone formation to prevent bleeding in the joints
D. Strengthening capillary walls and structural tissue by depositing cementing material to build collagen from ground substance and thus prevent tissue hemorrhage

D. Strengthening capillary walls and structural tissue by depositing cementing material to build collagen from ground substance and thus prevent tissue hemorrhage

59. A client with a high Cholesterol level says to the nurse, "Why can't the Doctor just give me a medication to eliminate all the Cholesterol in my body so it isn't a problem?" The nurse need to teach the client that Cholesterol is important in the human body for:

A. Blood clotting
B. Bone formation
C. Muscle contraction
D. Cellular membrane structure

D. Cellular membrane structure

60. A client with Hypertension is prescribed a low-sodium diet. The food lowest in natural sodium is identified as:

A. Milk
B. Meat
C. Fruits
D. Vegetables

A. Milk

Situation: Felicidad recently passed the Nurse Licensure Examination and is applying as a Staff Nurse at a tertiary hospital.

61. As Felicidad RN is being interviewed by the Chief Nurse of the Hospital, she asks, "As a beginning practitioner, what can we expect of your competencies?" Which of the following is her expected response?

A. "I can administer medications to patients"
B. "I am able to deliver safe and quality care to patients"
C. "I can discuss the pathophysiology of the patient's disease process"
D. "I can set priorities given different patients of varying acuity."

B. "I am able to deliver safe and quality care to patients"

62. Felicidad understands that her practice as a Registered nurse should comply with standards of legal, ethico-moral-spiritual responsibilities and personal and professional development. This cluster of competencies is Felicidad's:

A. Patient care competencies
B. Enabling competencies
C. Enhancing competencies
D. Empowering competencies

D. Empowering competencies

63. Efficiency and effectiveness in the performance of duties is expected of Felicidad. What key areas of responsibilities should she demonstrate to enable Felicidad such characteristic of work?

A. Research
B. Management of resources and environment
C. Personal and professional development
D. Collaboration and teamwork

B. Management of resources and environment

64. While assisting on a minor surgery, Felicidad felt the hands of the doctor pinch her buttocks. She is really not comfortable and feels she was sexually harassed. At another occasion, the same doctor invited her for a coffee in his room. She reports this case to her supervisor. Which of the following statements would justify the action of Felicidad?

A. It is a justifiable action and is an ethical responsibility to report unethical and immoral incidents to proper authorities.
B. It is a justifiable action, but first, she should have confronted the doctor privately in his room to clarify the issue.
C. She should not report the incident to authority because it might affect her interpersonal relationship colleagues and other members of the health team.
D. Felicidad should have gone directly to the police officer to complain.

A. It is a justifiable action and is an ethical responsibility to report unethical and immoral incidents to proper authorities.

65. An attending physician had his rounds early in the morning and noticed that the medicine he ordered the previous day has not been started. He shouted and berated Felicidad in front of the other staff nurses. Which of the following actions of Felicidad is appropriate?

A. Felicidad shouts back at the attending physician and tells him that his behavior is not acceptable.
B. She explains to him that the drug is not available in the hospital pharmacy and had to be purchased from another drugstore.
C. She cries and reports the incident to the nursing office.
D. She blames the staff of the previous shift for not endorsing the unavailability of the drug.

B. She explains to him that the drug is not available in the hospital pharmacy and had to be purchased from another drugstore.

Every month, supplies for the health center arrive in the island by ferry. Last month however their provisions from DOH were hampered by typhoon Yolanda and their remaining resources would not suffice for the weekend's Immunization schedule. Melinda is aware about the rules of immunization such that needles should not be reused and shared with other patients. She has 100 children to immunize but only 5 needles/ or syringes at hand.

66. In the theory Utilitarianism, which among the following does not apply?

A. It is consequence oriented
B. It states that what is right also maximizes some good
C. The right thing to do is the good thing to do.
D. It is process oriented.

D. It is process oriented.

67. In this case, Melinda decides to go ahead with the vaccination and immunization. Do you think she is a believer of Teleology?

A. YES because the end justifies the mean
B. YES because it is for the good of the greatest number all concerned
C. NO because the end justifies the means
D. NO because it is for the good of the greatest number all concerned

A. YES because the end justifies the mean

68. The nurse supervisor is practicing transactional leadership. This means the nurse supervisor is:

A. supportive
B. driven by strict rules and policies
C. One who empowers the staff
D. One who consults the staff about patient care issues

B. driven by strict rules and policies

69. A 17 year old female college student was obliged to engage in pre-marital sex by her boyfriend. Her response was, "I'm sorry, I can't because I don't want to get pregnant and ruin my future. "Her ethical response is based on:

A. Teleotological
B. Deontological
C. Neither A nor B
D. None of the above

B. Deontological

70. An 85 year old man is refusing dialysis for his kidney failure. The primary ethical principle involve is:

A. autonomy
B. beneficence
C. nonmaleficence
D. justice

A. autonomy

Situation: Gloria is a head nurse in the Surgical Ward of a Tertiary Hospital. From records, she noticed an increased rate of nosocomial infections. A research was conducted so an action plan may be formulated. Gloria is part of the research team.

71. Gloria understands the importance of the informed consent. Which of the following is true about an informed consent?

1. The very essence of informed consent is to make the patient understand what will happen to him/her after a certain treatment or procedure is made upon his/her body.
2. It is the patient who must decide whether or not a certain treatment or procedure muse be performed upon his/her body.
3. Physicians and nurses cannot suppress the free will of the patient
4. Consent may either be implied or expressed.

A. 1,2,3
B. 1,2,3,4
C. 1,3,4
D. 1,4

B. 1,2,3,4

72. Nurses understand the link between practice and theory. Nurse Precy a friend of Nurse Gloria is developing an educational prevention program for elderly patients with poor eyesight at home. He wanted to incorporate the theory of Abdellah into his health teachings. Which of the following nursing problems would be appropriate to address in his activity?

A. To maintain good hygiene and physical comfort
B. To create and maintain a therapeutic environment
C. To promote safety through prevention of accidents, injury or other trauma
D. To facilitate the maintenance of sensory function

D. To facilitate the maintenance of sensory function

73. Which of the following theorists believe that the environment is defined as "an understanding of the ways that human beings interact with their environment to maintain health is essential for nurses"?

A. Imogene King
B. Jean Watson
C. Lydia Hall
D. Dorothea Orem

A. Imogene King

74. Which of the following situations best depicts the application of Nightingale's theory in actual nursing practice?

A. Giving a patient oxygen inhalation via nasal cannula(plastic tube) for difficulty of breathing
B. Keeping the patient's bedside table and room clean with adequate ventilation to promote comfort
C. Assessing the patient's need for pain medications
D. Facilitating range of motion exercises to a patient with a hip fracture

B. Keeping the patient's bedside table and room clean with adequate ventilation to promote comfort

75. Nurse Precy has been assigned to an Arabian patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The patient had died this morning due to complications of his illness. The relatives of the patient urged Nurse Annie to have the body released to them immediately. Why is this so?

A. In their culture, the dead must be washed and bathed by the relatives at the night of death
B. In their culture, the dead must be given its final rights and prayers that last one day
C. In their culture, the dead must be properly buried within 24 hours from the time of death
D. In their culture, the dead must be brought to a mosque for burial rights and lay there for a week before burial

C. In their culture, the dead must be properly buried within 24 hours from the time of death

Situation: The Level IV students are conducting a study among the Dumagats of Dingala Aurora. The students apply the research process in their study.

76. Which of the following is a common characteristic between nursing process and research process?

1. Both utilizes systematic approach
2. Assessment phase is similar to identifying phenomena in the research process
3. Implementation phase is similar to data collection in the research process
4. Planning phase is similar to the study design in the research process

A. 1,2,3,4
B. 1,2,4,
C. 1,2,3,
D. 1,2 only

A. 1,2,3,4

77. Which of the following can the nurse use in protecting the safety of the subjects undergoing the research study?

1. Code for Nurses
2. Nightingale's pledge
3. Patient's Bill of Rights
4. Human Rights Guidelines

A. 1, 2, 3, 4
B. 1, 3
C. 1, 2
D. 3 only

A. 1, 2, 3, 4

78. The researchers wanted to describe the relationship between women's age and frequency of performing breast self-examination, the study would be classified as:

A. Descriptive correlational
B. Quasi-experimental
C. Pre-experimental
D. Prospective

A. Descriptive correlational

79. The variable that is believed to influence or cause the dependent variable:

A. Attribute variable
B. Extraneous variable
C. Independent Variable
D. Interdependent Variable

C. Independent Variable

80. One major difference between quantitative designs from qualitative design is that in qualitative design:

A. It uses statistical treatment in analyzing the data
B. In analyzing the data, it gives emphasis on the observation, thoughts and actions of the subject
C. It ranks the data collected using nominal or ordinal measurement
D. It computes data to accept or rejects null hypothesis

B. In analyzing the data, it gives emphasis on the observation, thoughts and actions of the subject

Situation: Research is important for Professional nurses to help build scientific knowledge base for nursing practice.

81. A clinical instructor asks to rewrite the researchable question about Psychiatric nursing which are "What are the effects of a child's admission to a psychiatric unit on the siblings?" Which of the following answers is appropriate to the question?

A. The effects of child's admission in psychiatric unit to his/her siblings
B. Are there any effects of child's admission in psychiatric unit to his/her siblings?
C. What are the siblings' reactions to the admitted children in psychiatric unit?
D. What are the feelings of children who have had a sibling admitted to a psychiatric unit?

D. What are the feelings of children who have had a sibling admitted to a psychiatric unit?

82. When writing the question in Level II the researcher must do which of the following?

A. Eliminate "cause "effect or any similar synonyms in your question
B. At Level II you need a minimum of four variables
C. If you know what variables are, rewrite the question at Level II
D. At Level I, have only one variable and one population in the topic

C. If you know what variables are, rewrite the question at Level II

83. A researchable problem like: "What is the level of pain relief in pediatric postoperative patients having received TENS (Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation) instruction?" could be written as Level II which is?

A. What methods of pain relief are available to pediatric surgery patients?
B. Why does preoperative TENS instruction significantly decrease postoperative pain levels in pediatric patients?
C. What is the relationship between level of pain and type of pain relief instruction (including TENS) among pediatric patients?
D. What are the characteristic of pain of surgical pediatric patients after undergoing TENS instruction?

C. What is the relationship between level of pain and type of pain relief instruction (including TENS) among pediatric patients?

84. This research study: The Experience of Becoming a Mother for Single, Unpartnered, Medicaid-Elligible, First Time Mothers" which aims to understand the experience of becoming a mother for single, unpartnered, Medicaid eligible, first time mothers in one of the Barangay in Pasay City and to discover experienced by the mothers during the first postpartum. Can be classified as:

A. Quantitative: Correlational
B. Quantitative: Survey study
C. Qualitative: Grounded theory
D. Qualitative: Ethnography

C. Qualitative: Grounded theory

85. In ethical consideration of doing a research, which of the following should NOT be considered?

A. Rights and rights of others in the setting are protected
B. If the purpose of study infringe the rights of subjects, it should be re-examined or abandoned
C. Knowledge should not outweigh the risks of the study
D. Study should observe ethical considerations

C. Knowledge should not outweigh the risks of the study

Situation: Nomar an RN is a newly hired staff nurse at Imus Medical Center. As a novice nurse and manager, Nomar observes several leadership styles displayed by other nurses.

86. Nomar understands he is expected to lead. Leadership is defined as:

A. Being in a staff nurse utilizing authority to control and power over subordinates and patients.
B. A process where a person utilizes interpersonal relationship that influences others toward goal achievement.
C. Plans, organizes and maintains quality care to patients.
D. A head nurse watching over other staff nurses perform patient care correctly and render safe quality patient care.

B. A process where a person utilizes interpersonal relationship that influences others toward goal achievement.

87. Nomar's manager demonstrated passion for serving her staff rather than being served. He takes time to listen, prefers to be a teacher first before being a leader. Nomar's manager displays leadership that is characteristic of a:

A. Transformational leader
B. Transactional leader
C. Servant leader
D. Charismatic leader

C. Servant leader

88. Nomar's head nurse fostered creativity among staff members. Fostering creativity among the team is a characteristic of which leadership style?

A. Participative
B. Directive
C. Permissive
D. Bureaucratic

A. Participative

89. On the other hand, Nomar notices that the Chief Nurse Executive has charismatic leadership style. Which of the following behaviors best describes this style?

A. Possesses inspirational quality that makes followers gets attracted of him and regards him with reverence
B. Acts as he does because he expects that his behavior will yield positive results
C. Uses visioning as the core of his leadership
D. Matches his leadership style to the situation at hand.

A. Possesses inspirational quality that makes followers gets attracted of him and regards him with reverence

90. One leadership theory states that "leaders are born and not made," which refers to which of the following theories?

A. Trait
B. Charismatic
C. Great Man
D. Situational

C. Great Man

Situation: Nurses are expected to be leaders making difference in the health care settings- hospitals, clinics, communities and other organizations.

91. Why leadership plays a vital role in the nursing profession?

A. It is not really important for nurses.
B. Nurses have expert knowledge and are interacting with and influencing the clients.
C. Nurses should know how to direct people towards accomplishment of goals.
D. Nurses should always strive for higher positions in the organization.

B. Nurses have expert knowledge and are interacting with and influencing the clients.

92. Nomar understands that a Theory which states that the Leadership style is dependent on the situation. Which of the following styles best fits a situation when the followers are self-directed, highly motivated, experts and matured individuals?

A. Participative
B. Directive
C. Permissive
D. Bureaucratic

C. Permissive

93. Nomar would like to be a Transformational leader. Which of the following statements best describes this type of leadership?

A. Uses visioning as the essence of leadership.
B. Serves the followers rather than being served.
C. Maintains full trust and confidence in the subordinates
D. Possesses innate charisma that makes others feel good in his presence.

A. Uses visioning as the essence of leadership.

94. Grace RN is a head nurse assigned at the Intensive Care Unit of a Secondary Level Hospital. As a manager, Grace is expected to display effective conflict resolution skills. Which of the following is true about conflict?

A. It seldom occurs as part of the change process in health care settings.
B. It highlights differences in values, belief, or actions.
C. t is automatically negative
D. It discourages creativity and innovation.

B. It highlights differences in values, belief, or actions.

95. Conflict that occurs between groups or teams is called:

A. Interpersonal
B. Intrapersonal
C. Organizational
D. Dysfunctional

C. Organizational

Situation: Nurse Kat is the head nurse of the male medical ward in a tertiary specialized hospital handling multiple cases in her unit. It is imperative that she is equipped with the basic managerial skills.

96. In this conflict resolution method, a person ignores his or her own feelings about an issue in order to agree with the other side.

A. Collaborating
B. Confronting
C. Accommodating
D. Withdrawing

C. Accommodating

97. With this method of conflict resolution, each side gives up something as well as gets something:

A. Negotiating
B. Competing
C. Avoiding
D. Compromising

D. Compromising

98. Nurse Kat feels uncomfortable believing that she is the scapegoat of everything that goes wrong in her department. Which of the following is the best action that she must take?

A. Identify the source of the conflict and understand the points of friction
B. Disregard what she feels and continue to work independently
C. Seek help from the Director of Nursing
D. Quit her job and look for another employment.

A. Identify the source of the conflict and understand the points of friction

99. Which of the following is a characteristic of decision-making?

A. it only involves logical, rational thought
B. it is often the result of many incremental steps rather than one large step.
C. It must always be done quickly in the health care setting.
D. they generally do not assume another person's point of view.

B. it is often the result of many incremental steps rather than one large step.

100. Which of the following is true about effective creative thinkers?

A. They seldom generate new ideas and alternatives.
B. They often say, "We've always done it this way, so let us do it this way again."
C. They tend to analyze the components of a problem.
D. They generally do not assume another person's point of view.

C. They tend to analyze the components of a problem.