Chemistry Key Concepts: Electronegativity, Bond Types, and Organic Structures

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Last updated 7:44 PM on 9/19/26
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46 Terms

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3.98

electronegativity of Fluorine (F)

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3.44

electronegativity of Oxygen (O)

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3.16

Electronegativity of Chlorine (Cl)

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3.04

Electronegativity of Nitrogen (N)

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2.55

Electronegativity of Carbon (C)

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2.2

Electronegativity of Hydrogen (H)

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Greater than .5

how big of electronegativity diff makes bond polar

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dashed wedge

wedge pointing away from you

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solid wedge

wedge pointing toward you

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120 degrees

bond angle of Trigonal planar

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109.5 degrees

bond angle of tetrahedral

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less than or equal to 109 degrees

bond angle of pyramidal

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less than or equal to 109 degrees

bond angle of bent

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alkyl halide

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Alkene

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Alkyne

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Alcohol

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Thiol

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Sulfide

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Aromatic (benzene ring)

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Ketone

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Aldehyde

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Carboxylic acid

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Acyl halide

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Anhydride

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Ester

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Amide

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Amine

What is this

<p>What is this</p>
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Acyclic

is this Acyclic, Cyclic, Bicyclic?

<p>is this Acyclic, Cyclic, Bicyclic?</p>
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Cyclic

is this Acyclic, Cyclic, Bicyclic?

<p>is this Acyclic, Cyclic, Bicyclic?</p>
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Bicyclic

is this Acyclic, Cyclic, Bicyclic?

<p>is this Acyclic, Cyclic, Bicyclic?</p>
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Fischer projection (used only for Acyclic compounds)

What is this and when is it used?

<p>What is this and when is it used?</p>
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Haworth projection (Used only for cyclic compounds)

What is this and when is it used?

<p>What is this and when is it used?</p>
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chair conformation (used only for 6-membered rings)

What is this and when is it used?

<p>What is this and when is it used?</p>
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used only for Bicyclic compounds

What is this and when is it used?

<p>What is this and when is it used?</p>
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Heteroatoms

Atoms aside from H and C

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Aufbau principle

the lowest energy orbital is filled first

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Pauli Exclusion Principle

each orbital can accommodate a maximum of 2 electrons that have opposite spins

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Hund's Rule

When dealing with degenerating orbital, such as P orbitals, one electron is placed in each degenerate orbital first before electrons pair up

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Valance bond theory

a bond is simply the sharing of electron density between two atoms as a result of the constructive interference of their atomic orbitals

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formal charge equation

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allylic lone pair

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allylic carbocation

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lone pair adjacent to C+

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Pi bond

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conjugated pi bond

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