US American History WWI

What were the M.A.N.I.A causes of WWI

Militarism - Glorification and expansion of the military, countries bgan to build up their militaries and spend money on military training, increased military spending to gain colonies and increase technology
Alliance System - Defense agreements among nations, tripple alliance, tripple entente
Nationalism - Unified Germany and Italy, French wanted Alsce-Lorraine back from Germany
Imperialism - Competed for territory and economic power all over the world, competition turned to hostility anf conflict as European’s “got in each other’s war”
**Assassination - Archduke Francis Ferdinand was assassinated

What were the alliance systems in Europe prior to WWI set up

Structures around the Central Powers and the Allies. Central Powers consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire. Allies included France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and later the US

What was the situation in the Balkans prior to WWI

Intense nationalistic tensions and a series of conflicts

**How did the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand cause the start of WWI

Triggered a chain reaction of events that led to the involvement of major European powers in a widespread conflict

What was Germany’s “Blank Check” support

**Provided by Germany to Austria-Hungary, a pledge of unconditional backing for whatever action Austria-Hungary chose to take in its conflict with Serbia following the assassination of Archduke franz ferdinand

What was the order of events that brought European countries into WWI

(1) Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria is assassinated, (2) Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, (3) Germany offers Austria “blank check” support, (4) Russia refused to demobilize, Germany dealers war on Russia, (5) Germany invades neutral Belgium, (6) France refuses to demobilze, Germany declares war on France, (7) Great Britain Declares War on Germany

What was Germany’s war plan at the beginning of the war

Schleffen Plan

Why was the United States neutral at the beginning of the war

Congress and the public were not in favor of entering a foreign war

Why was President Wilson cautious in entering WWI

He did not want to get the US involved in a foreign war

**How did U-boats partially cause the US to enter WWI

Played a significant role in partially causing the US to enter the war

**How were women involved in the US military in WWI

Nursing Roles, Medical Prefessionals, Support Roles

**What were Liberty Bonds and Victory Bonds used for

Used tot finance the American participation in the war

**How did women contribute to industrial production

Taking on roles traditional helf by ,en in factories

What was the purpose of the Committee on Public Information

Mobilize public opinion behind the war effort following the U.S. entry into the war

What sort of sacrifice did Americans have to make on the homefront

Thrift, conservation, workforce mobilization, food rationing, production, public health campaigns, cultural integration, material collection dives

**How was trench warfare fought

Fought primarily on the western front betweem the allied powers and the central powers

**What new weapons/technology were used in WWI

Machine guns, tanks, poison gas, warplanes, submarines, artillery, grenades, armored cars, automatic rifles, communication technology

What happened that caused Russia to exit WWI

What did they have to give up

**How did the US contribute to beating the German offensive

American treoop deployment and reinforcements, numerical advantage and strategic poritioning, improved tactics and couteroffensive

**What were some of President Wilson’s goals with his 14 Points

Aimed at establishing a framework for world peace and shaping the post-WWI in order

**What happened to Germany because of the Treaty of Versailles

Territorial losses, reparations and economic impacts, political consequences, social impact

Why did the Senate reject the Treaty and US involvement in the League of Nations

Senate leaders were angry that Wilson did not include them in the negotiation

Triple Alliance

Consisting of Germany, Austria-Hunary, and Italy, was a significant factor in the lead-up to WWI

Triple Entente

Association between Great Britain, France, and Russia, which formed the nucleus of the Allied Powers in WWI

Militarism

A prevalent philosophy that placed excessive importance on military power, shaping policies, culture, and public opinion

Alliance

A coalition of countries know as the Allied Powers or Allies, which opposed the Central Powers during the conflict

Nationalism

An intense form of patriotism or loyalty to one’s country

Allied Powers

A coalition of countries that opposed the central powers

Central Powers

A coalition primarily consisting of the German Empire and Austria-Hungary

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

A naval strategy employed by Germany where submarines would sink merchant ships without warning

Propaganda

Played a crucial role in shaping public opinion, rallying support for the war effort, influencing perceptions of the enemy

Victory Gardens

A crucial initiative to address food shortages and support the war effort

Stalemate

Result of the entrenched defensive positions held by both sides

No Man’s Land

Areas between enemy trench systems

Sinking of the Lusitania

Sparked outrage in the US and further strained relations between Germany and neutral countries like America

Zimmerman Telegram

A coded message sent by German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman to Mexico, proposing a military alliance against the US

League of Nations

An international organization established after WWI with the aim of preventing conflicts between nations and promoting peace