Magnetism (RADS 354)

Magnetism

the ability of certain materials to attract iron, cobalt, or nickel any material that attracts these is a magnet

Unit of magnetism

Tesla (T) and Gauss (G)

- 1 T=10000 G

3 types of magnets

Natural (Lodestones), Artifical Perminant, and Electromagnet

Example of Natural Magnets (Lodestones)

the earth and iron oxide

Artificial Permanent Magnets

hard steel in the shape of a horseshoe or a bar that has been artificially magnetized by being rubbed with a magnet

ex. alnico an alloy made of aluminum, nickel, and cobalt

Electromagnet

a temporary magnet of iron produced by means of an electrical current

Magnetic Poles

there will be two areas of attraction on a bar magnet the two ends of a magnet where the magnetic forces are strongest

-one is a north and the other is south

The magnetic field is often referred to as...

dipole or bipole

When it comes to magnetism, electrons with pairs will..

neutralize the magnetic field meaning they are no longer magnetic

Magnetic domains

dipoles spin predominantly in one direction and this is an accumulation of such dipoles resulting in the formation of magnetic poles

When it comes to magnetism, atoms with an odd number of electrons in any shell will always have a...

small magnetic field

A magnetic element can exist either in...

non-magnetized or magnetized state

With a Non-Magnetized piece of iron the atoms are...

disorderly arranged (not organized)

With Magnetic Iron the magnetic domains will be...

aligned in an orderly fashion forming the poles of a magnet (organized)

Magnetic Field

the zone of influence that is created by any charges particle in motion

-traveling in the same direction they repel and if traveling in opposite directions they will attract)

Unit of magnetic flux

Weber (Wb)

- 1 Wb = 10^8 lines of flux per sq cm

Strength of magnetic field

Proportional to the number of lines per square centimeter