AP Bio intro test

cell membrane

lipid bilayer that suronds the cell, seperates cell’s inside to outside enviroment

cytoplasm/cytosal

the liquid interior of the cell

lysosome

breaks down larger molecules

golgi apperatous

ship protein to its destination

mitchondria

power house of the cell; produces ATP energy

gene

code for a protein

nucleus

houses dNA

ribosomes

makes protiens

RER

modifies protiens

Vesicle transport sac

temporary storage as a protien travels to golgi apperatus; made of membrane

chloroplasts

site of photosynthesis in plants and algae

SER

creates lipids and breaks down toxins and poison

eukaryotic cell

cell with a nucleus and mebrane bound organelles

prokaryotic cells

cells without a nucleus

examples of eukaryotic cells

planst, animals, fungi, protists

examples of prokaryotic cells

bacteria, archea

the 3 kingdoms

protists, archea, eukaryotes

protists

prokaryotic cells whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan

archea

prokaryotic cells whose cell walls do contain peptidoglycan

Interphase

majority of cell life, when cell is growing and developing

mitosis

P, M, A, T; divsion of cell nucleus- body cell disvion to grow and heal

cytokensis

divsion of the cell membrane

G1

cell grows and copies organelles, preps for DNA replication

S phase

DNA synthesis/replication

G2

preps for division

organic macro molecules

protiens, lipids, nucleaic acid, carbs

protien monomer

amino acids

lipid monomer

none

carbs monomer

monosaccarides

nucleic acid monomer

nucleotides

protien funcution

preform nearly all cell funcutions, makes up many cell structures

lipid funcution

energy source

carb funcution

energy source

nucleic acid function

store genetic info

charcteristics for life

* have dna
* made up of 1 or more cells
* reproduce
* use materials for energy
* have a life cycle
* respond to enviroment
* maintain homeostasis
* as a group all organisms evolve

polymer

chain of monomers

monomer

small bases that make up polymers

respiration

making energy from food , (ATP energy is made)

photosynthesis

proccess of making energy from sunlight (only done in green plants algea and some types of bacteria)

metabolism

internal engien

4 similarities between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

cell membrane, DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm

Autotroph/producer

organism taht makes its own food

heterotroph/ consumer

consumes other organisms for food