FBS 31_MODULE 2

‘Cell’ is derived from what Latin word that means chamber?

Cella

Eukaryotic cells that differ in several key respects from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms.

Plant cells

Type of plant cell that are found in young part of the plant and have thin,

permeable primary walls

Parenchyma cells

Type of cell that is smaller and thicker than parenchyma cells. Contains pectin

Collenchyma cells

The thickest type of plant cell that are dead at maturity

Sclerenchyma cells

Principal type of collenchyma cells that are thickened at intercellular contact points

Angular collenchyma

Principal type of collenchyma cells that are arranged into ordered rows and thickened at the tangential face of the cell wall

Tangential collenchyma

Principal type of collenchyma cells that have intercellular space and thickening proximal to the intercellular space

Lacunar collenchyma

Major tissues of the Plant cell

Dermal
Ground
Vascular

Major tissue that includes the epidermis and peridermis

Dermal tissue

Major tissue for photosynthesis, food storage, regeneration, support and protection

Ground tissue

Major tissue for transport of water and minerals; for transport of food

Vascular tissue

Major tissue for protection and prevention of water loss

Dermal tissue

Major tissue that includes parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma tissues

Ground tissue

Major tissue that includes xylem and phloem

Vascular tissue

Parts of the Plant Cell (3Cs, NMREPGV)

Cell wall

Cytoplasm

Chloroplast

Nucleus

Mitochondrion

Ribosomes

Endoplasmic reticulum

Plasma membrane

Golgi bodies

Vacuole

Vacuoles are bound by a single membrane called the?

Tonoplast

What gives shape and structure to the cell and to the whole plant as well.

Cell wall

What is the living part of the cell where organelles are embedded.

Cytoplasm

What is a plastid containing the green pigment called the chlorophyll.

Chloroplast

What controls the activities of the cell; the presence of the DNA in the nucleus explains why it is this part of the cell that controls cellular activities.

Nucleus

What is the site of respiration?

Mitochondrion

What the site of protein synthesis?

Ribosomes

What part of the cell is involved in cell transport?

Endoplasmic reticulum

What is the cytoplasmic membrane separating the cytoplasm from the cell wall?

Plasma membrane

What controls the entry or exit of materials into the cell?

Plasma membrane

What is involved in the synthesis of new cell walls

Golgi bodies

What is the part of the cell that are fluid-filled organelles bound by a single membrane called the tonoplast, and contain a wide range of inorganic ions and molecules?

Vacuole

What do you call the substance that are non-protoplasm materials found in cells and can be found in protoplasm, vacuoles, or in the cell wall?

Ergastic substance

The main ergastic substances of plant cells

Cellulose

Starch

What is the chief component of the cell wall?

Cellulose

What is the main component of living protoplasm?

Proteins

Proteins can occur in an amorphous or crystalline (or crystalloid) form

What is a well-known amorphous ergastic protein?

Gluten

These are waste/metabolic products or protective in function. Plants mostly deposit such material in their tissues.

Crystals

What group of the plant cell structure is being described?

• tri-/di-glycerides (storage, secretion)

• fats (lipids) and oils are widely distributed in plant tissues

Fats, Oils, Waxes

Substances related to fats—waxes, suberin, and cutin—occur as protective layers in or on the cell wall.

The function of these grains are for storage and are made up of protein.

Aleurone grains

What are phenol derivatives (deter herbivory, deter infection)?

Tannins

What type of collenchyma cell is this?

Angular

What type of collenchyma cell is this?

Tangential

What type of collenchyma cell is this?

Lacunar