Education and Methods 4

Ethnicity

What does Guy Palmer argue?

• Almost half ethnic minority children live in low income households compared to a quarter white children

• 2x more likely to be unemployed

• 3x free school meals

What is a criticism of Guy Palmer?

Swann Report found that even those Indian and Chinese are materially deprived do better than most

What does Rex argue?

Racial discrimination leads to worsened poverty through societal exclusion

What is an example of worsened poverty through racial discrimination?

Awaab Ishak died of black mould in house

What did Wood find in his study?

Sent applications to 1000 job vacancies

• 1 in 16 ethnic minority names got interview

• 1 in 9 white names

What do Bereitier and Engelmann argue?

Language spoken by low income black American families is inadequate for succes

What did Driver and Ballard find?

Asian children were as good at English by 16

What do Archer and Francis argue?

Emphasis on education has led to an Asian work ethic

What is the Asian work ethic?

Having a stronger drive to work as parental attitudes force child into working harder from a young age

What does Lupton argue?

Close knit families - high expectations and authority

What is a criticism of close knit families?

Bangladeshi and Pakistani children also have close knit families but underperform

What does Murray argue?

Matrifocal lone parent black families leads to poor educational achievement because of lack of discipline

What is a criticism of Murray?

Mothers can be a powerful role model and there is no significant correlation

What does Sewell argue?

Lack of fatherly nurturing leads to anti school black masculinity where educational achievement is seen as selling out to the white establishment (peer pressure)

What is a criticism of Sewell?

Gillborn - black underachievement is due to institutional racism

What is locked in inequality?

Ethnic inequality is deep rooted and is inevitable

What does Gillborn argue?

• Myth of black challenge

• Asian ideal students

What is myth of the black challenge?

Black pupils are more likely to be disciplined for the same behaviour which leads to self-fulfilling prophecy

What does Gillborn argue about Asian pupils?

Teachers view them as the ideal students because of their positive attitude to school

What is a criticism of Asian ideal students and who argued it?

Cecile Wright - teachers labelled Asian culture as inferior and assumed they had a poor grasp on English

What are the 4 pupil responses to school from black pupils according to Sewell?

• Conformist

• Innovators

• Rebels

• Retreatist

What did Mirza find in her study?

Black girls in her sample got better results than others

What was Mirza’s sample size?

3 black girls

What research methods did Mirza use?

Questionnaires, observations, interviews

What are liberal chauvinists>

Teachers who believe black pupils are culturally deprived

What are overt racists?

Teachers who believe whites are superior

What are colour blind teachers?

Those that see no problem as all pupils are equal

Were black girls pro or anti school according to Mirza?

Anti school, pro education

What does Coard argue?

Ethnocentric curriculum

How does the ethnocentric curriculum disadvantage ethnic minorities?

Undermines self esteem

What is a criticism of ethnocentric curriculum?

Curriculum ignores Asians yet they perform better