ANAtomy

What is anatomy?

The study of internal and external structures.

What does congenital mean?

A disease or condition present from birth.

What is homeostasis?

The ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment.

What is physiology?

The study of how anatomical structures function.

What does prone mean?

Face down.

What does supine mean?

Face up.

What does anterior mean?

Front

What does posterior mean?

Back

What does medial mean?

Cut in half

What does lateral mean?

Split in half

What does proximal mean?

Closest to the trunk

What does distal mean?

away from the trunk of the body

What does superficial mean?

Towards the surface

What does deep mean?

Away from the surface

What is the frontal plane?

Divides body into anterior and posterior portions.

What is the sagittal plane?

divides body into left and right

What is the midsagittal plane?

divides the body into equal left and right halves

What is the transverse plane?

Divides body into superior and inferior portions.

Which plane is evaluated during a CT scan?

Transverse plane.

What is the definition of abdominal?

Belly

What is the definition of antebrachial?

Forearm

What is the definition of antecubital?

Front of elbow

What is the definition of axillary?

Armpit

What is the definition of brachial?

Arm

What is the definition of buccal?

Cheek

What is the definition of carpal?

Wrist

What is the definition of cephalic?

Head

What is the definition of cervical?

Neck

What is the definition of coxal?

Hip

What is the definition of crural?

Shin

What is the definition of femoral?

Thigh

What is the definition of frontal?

Forehead

What is the definition of inguinal?

Groin

What is the definition of manus?

Hand

What is the definition of pelvic?

Relating to the pelvis.

What is the definition of thoracic?

Relating to the chest.

What is the definition of umbilical?

Relating to the navel.

What is the definition of palmar?

palm of hand

What is the definition of patellar?

Relating to the kneecap.

What is the definition of tarsal?

Relating to the ankle.

What is the definition of nasal?

Relating to the nose.

What is the definition of oral?

Relating to the mouth.

What is the definition of mental?

Relating to the chin.

What is the definition of plantar?

Relating to the sole of the foot.

What is the definition of pubic?

Relating to the genitalia.

What is the definition of sternal?

Relating to the sternum.

What is the definition of pedal?

Relating to the foot.

What are the levels of organization within the body?

atoms, molecules, Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism.

How do we obtain electrolytes?

Through food and drinks.

What is the smallest living unit of the body?

Cell.

What structures make up the axial body?

Head, neck, and trunk.

What structures make up the appendicular body?

Arms and legs.

Which body involves the body trunk?

Axial body.

Which body involves the arms and legs?

Appendicular body.

What structures make up the somatic body?

Superficial structures like the skin and skeletal muscle.

What structures make up the visceral body?

Internal organs.

Which body involves superficial structures?

Somatic body.

Which body involves internal organs?

Visceral body.

What are the 4 abdominal quadrants?

right upper quadrant

left upper quadrant

top left of the abdomen

right lower quadrant

right lower abdomen

left lower quadrant

left lower abdomen

What organ is located in the Right upper quadrant (RUQ)?

Gallbladder

What organ is located in the Right lower quadrant (RLQ)?

Appendix

What organ is located in the Left upper quadrant (LUQ)?

Stomach

What organ is located in the Left lower quadrant (LLQ)?

Colon

What is the function of the integumentary system?

Protects from environment (hair, skin, nails)

What is the function of the skeletal system?

Protects organs, creates movement, forms blood cells, stores minerals

What is the function of the nervous system?

Fast acting control system of the body

What is the function of the muscular system?

Produces movement, heat, and maintains posture

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

Carries blood throughout the body

What is the function of the endocrine system?

Slow acting organ system involved in hormonal regulation

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Supplies the body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

Picks up leaked fluid and is involved in immunity

What is the function of the digestive system?

Breaks down food and absorbs nutrients

What is the function of the urinary system?

Eliminates liquid wastes from the body

What is the function of the reproductive system?

Involved in sexual reproduction

What is homeostasis?

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.

What does hydrophilic mean?

Having an affinity for water.

What does hydrophobic mean?

Repelling or not mixing with water.

What does hypertonic mean?

Having a higher solute concentration compared to another solution.

What is hypoglycemia?

A condition characterized by low blood sugar levels.

What does hypotonic mean?

Having a lower solute concentration compared to another solution.

What does isotonic mean?

Having the same solute concentration as another solution.

What is osmosis?

The movement of solvent molecules from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

What is a solute?

substance that is dissolved in a solvent.

What is a solvent?

substance that dissolved to form a solution.

Which group is involved with energy and metabolism?

Carbohydrates

Which group is united by its hydrophobia?

Lipids (fats)

Which group is responsible for cellular function?

Proteins

Which group provides instructions on how to make proteins?

Nucleic acids

What groups (and subgroups) are found in a regular human diet?

Carbohydrates, lipids (fats), proteins

What are the 3 types of lipids?

Triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids.

Which type of lipid is found in the diet?

Triglycerides.

Which type of lipid is found in cell membranes?

Phospholipids.

Which type of lipid is found in cell membranes and hormones?

Steroids.

Which type of lipid has a hydrophilic portion and a hydrophobic portion?

Phospholipids.

Which type of lipid has a 4-ring structure?

Steroids.

Which type of lipid is used for energy?

Triglycerides.

What are the 4 types of carbohydrates?

sugars, glycogen, starch, cellulose