Chapter 6- Compliance, motivation, and health behaviors of the learner

What is compliance?

Yielding to recommendations or will of others

What does compliance indicate?

Paternalism rather than OT/client partnership

What is adherence?

Implies support of, or commitment to a plan of care (extent to which a person's behavior corresponds with agreed recommendations from a health care provider)

What is motivation?

Precursor to action that can be indirectly measured through behavioral consequences or results

What are the pyramid categories for Marlow's Hierarchy of Needs? (Bottom to top)

-physiological needs

-safety and security

-love and belonging

-self-esteem

-self-actualization

What is the Locus of Control?

Person's sense of responsibility for his or her own behavior and the extent to which motivation is internal or external

What is internal motivation?

Motivation within the person

What is external motivation?

Influence from others or an outside force

What are motivational axioms?

rules that set the stage for motivation

What are the 5 motivational axioms?

1. State of optimal anxiety

2. Learner readiness

3. Realistic goals

4. Learner satisfaction/success

5. Uncertainty reduction or maintenance

What is the state of optional anxiety?

Learning occurs best when a state of moderate anxiety exists

What does learner readiness encapsulate?

The desire to move toward a goal and readiness to learn are factors that influence motivation

What do realistic goals have to do with motivation?

Goals that are realistic, or within a person's grasp and possible to achieve, will likely be something an individual will work towards

What is learner satisfaction/success?

Says that leaners are motivated by success

What does uncertainty re-education or maintenance encapsulate?

Uncertainty is a common experience in the healthcare arena

What are the variables associated with the motivational assessment of learners?

-cognitive

-affective

-physiological

-experiential

-environmental

-educator

What is concept mapping as a motivational strategy?

Enables the learner to integrate previous learning with newly acquired knowledge through mapping

What is motivational interviewing?

a client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence

What does READS stand for?

1. Roll with resistance

2. Express empathy

3. Avoid argumentation

4. Develop discrepancy

5. Support self-efficacy

What does READS do?

Prompts health professionals to remember the key concepts of this approach

What does OARS stand for?

1. Open ended questions

2. Affirmations

3. Reflections

4. Summaries

Why was the Heath Belief Model developed?

To understand why people fail to adopt disease prevention strategies or screening tests for the early detection of disease

When was the Health Belief Model developed?

1950s

When was the Health Promotion Model developed and when was it revised?

1987

revised 1996

What does the HPM say about health?

Health is a positive dynamic state, not just the absence of disease

What is the HPM used for?

Used to target the likelihood of engaging in health promotion activities

What does the self-efficacy theory state?

Beliefs in own capabilities to control own functioning and events that affect their lives

What are the four principles of the self-efficacy theory?

1. Performance accomplishments

2. Vicarious experiences

3. Verbal persuasion

4. Emotional arousal

What does the protection motivation theory explain?

-Explains change in terms of threat and coping appraisal

-sources of info are perceived by the person as a threat, which leads to action

Share are the 6 stages of the Stages of change model?

1. Precontemplation

2. Contemplation

3. Preparation

4. Action

5. Maintenance

6. Termination