Psychological and Ethical Egoism (Lecture Audio)

Flashcards covering key concepts and definitions from the egoism lecture notes.

Psychological Egoism

The belief that every action performed by a human being is solely motivated by that person's own self interest.

Ethical Egoism

The theory that actions are morally right if they promote an individual's self interest.

Altruism

The belief in or practice of selfless concern for the well-being of others.

Strictly Conscientious Action

Actions taken because they are believed to be morally required, regardless of personal gain.

Ought Implies Can

The principle that if one is morally obligated to do something, it must be possible for them to perform that action.

Schafer Landau

A philosopher who critiques psychological egoism and discusses ethical egoism.

Moral Obligation

A duty that one is bound to perform, often relating to the interests of others.

Self Interest

One's personal interest or advantage, which may motivate their actions.

Courageous Soldier Example

An example illustrating altruism in the act of sacrificing oneself to save others, challenging the claim of psychological egoism.

Moral Superiority

The belief that one's own interests and well-being are of greater importance than others'.

Politically Libertarian

Individuals who prioritize personal freedom and the right to self-determination.

Justified Difference in Treatment

A distinction made between individuals based on morally relevant characteristics or abilities.

Morally Irrelevant Difference

A distinction that has no moral bearing on how individuals should be treated.