Practical: Investigating the reactivity of metals
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What is a method to investigate the reactivity of metals?
Equipment: Test tubes, metal samples, dilute hydrochloric acid, test tube rack, splints.
Step 1: Place small samples of different metals (e.g., magnesium, zinc, iron, copper) into separate test tubes.
Step 2: Add a few cm³ of dilute hydrochloric acid to each test tube and observe.
Step 3: Record the rate of bubbling or effervescence for each metal.
Step 4: Test any gas produced by using a lit splint to identify hydrogen.
Step 5: Rank the metals in order of their reactivity based on the observations.
What is the purpose of this practical?
To investigate the reactivity of different metals.
What observation indicates a metal is reacting with acid?
Effervescence (bubbling) is seen.
What gas is produced during the reaction of metals with acids?
Hydrogen gas.
How can you confirm the presence of hydrogen gas?
Use a lit splint; it will produce a "pop" sound.
Which metal is likely to react the fastest with dilute acid?
Magnesium, as it is highly reactive.
Write the word equation for the reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid.
Zinc + Hydrochloric acid → Zinc chloride + Hydrogen
What type of reaction is this? Zinc + Hydrochloric acid → Zinc chloride + Hydrogen
A displacement reaction.
Why does copper not react with dilute acids?
Copper is less reactive than hydrogen.
What would you observe when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid?
Rapid bubbling and the metal dissolving.
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between iron and hydrochloric acid.
Fe+2HCl→FeCl2+H2
How does the reactivity series help predict reactions?
More reactive metals will react more vigorously with acids.
Why should you wear goggles during this practical?
To protect eyes from splashes of acid.
What is the role of dilute hydrochloric acid in this reaction?
It acts as a source of hydrogen ions.
How can you compare the reactivity of two metals using this experiment?
Compare the rate of bubbling or effervescence.
Why is this experiment unsuitable for very reactive metals like potassium?
They react explosively with acids.