Structure of the Heart & the cardiac cycle
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5 Terms
Structure of the Heart
The heart is the size of a clenched fist, consisting of 4 chambers connected by one-way valves, pumping blood around the body.
Chambers of the Heart
The heart has 4 chambers - 2 atria (upper) and 2 ventricles (lower) divided by the septum, with atria pushing blood down and ventricles pushing blood out.
Valves of the Heart
Valves maintain one-way blood flow, including atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and bicuspid) and semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic).
The Cardiac Cycle
The cycle includes atrial systole, ventricular systole, and diastole, where systole is heart pumping and diastole is heart filling.
Cardiac Conduction System
The heart's conduction system, made of myocardium, generates electrical impulses through structures like SA node, AV node, bundle of HIS, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.
