Structure of the Heart & the cardiac cycle

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Last updated 5:03 PM on 4/3/24
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5 Terms

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Structure of the Heart

The heart is the size of a clenched fist, consisting of 4 chambers connected by one-way valves, pumping blood around the body.

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Chambers of the Heart

The heart has 4 chambers - 2 atria (upper) and 2 ventricles (lower) divided by the septum, with atria pushing blood down and ventricles pushing blood out.

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Valves of the Heart

Valves maintain one-way blood flow, including atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and bicuspid) and semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic).

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The Cardiac Cycle

The cycle includes atrial systole, ventricular systole, and diastole, where systole is heart pumping and diastole is heart filling.

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Cardiac Conduction System

The heart's conduction system, made of myocardium, generates electrical impulses through structures like SA node, AV node, bundle of HIS, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.