week 17 prosection videos

What structure accompanies CN II through the optic canal?

Ophthalmic artery

What artery enters the middle cranial fossa through the foramen spinosum?

Middle meningeal artery

What vein drains the orbit and connects to the cavernous sinus?

Superior ophthalmic vein

What artery supplies the orbit and passes through the optic canal?

Ophthalmic artery (branch of internal carotid)

Where does lacrimal fluid drain?

Across the eye → lacrimal puncta → canaliculi → lacrimal sac → nasolacrimal duct → nasal cavity

What produces lacrimal fluid?

Lacrimal gland

What nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?

CN III, IV, V1, VI

Which foramen does the maxillary division (V2) of CN V pass through?

Foramen rotundum

Which foramen does the mandibular division (V3) of CN V pass through?

Foramen ovale

Which artery enters the skull through the foramen spinosum?

Middle meningeal artery

What passes through the internal acoustic meatus?

CN VII (facial nerve) and CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve)

What nerves exit through the jugular foramen?

CN IX, X, XI + internal jugular vein

Which nerve enters through the foramen magnum and exits through the jugular foramen?

CN XI (spinal accessory)

What nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal?

CN XII (hypoglossal nerve)

Which artery runs through the cavernous sinus?

Internal carotid artery

Which nerves run in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus?

CN III, IV, V1, V2

What structures travel through the optic canal?

CN II (optic nerve) and ophthalmic artery

Which nerve innervates the levator palpebrae superioris?

CN III (superior division)

What muscle is innervated by CN IV (trochlear)?

Superior oblique

Which nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?

CN III, IV, V1, VI

What are the branches of CN V (trigeminal)?

V1 (ophthalmic), V2 (maxillary), V3 (mandibular)

What opening does V1 use to exit the cranium?

Superior orbital fissure

What opening does V2 use to exit the cranium?

Foramen rotundum

What opening does V3 use to exit the cranium?

Foramen ovale

Where does CN VII (facial) enter and exit the skull?

Enters: Internal acoustic meatus;

Exits: Stylomastoid foramen

Where does CN VIII go and what are its two branches?

Enters internal acoustic meatus;

Branches: Cochlear (to cochlea), Vestibular (to semicircular canals)

What nerve passes through the foramen magnum?

CN XI (enters through foramen magnum, exits through jugular foramen)

Through which canal does CN XII exit the skull?

Hypoglossal canal

What does the ‘N’ in NFL stand for and what is its function?

Nasociliary nerve – gives off the anterior ethmoidal nerve to ethmoid sinus

What does the ‘F’ in NFL stand for and what are its branches?

Frontal nerve – branches into supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves

What does the ‘L’ in NFL stand for and where does it go?

Lacrimal nerve – travels to the lacrimal gland

What muscle elevates the upper eyelid and is not attached to the eyeball?

Levator palpebrae superioris

Which muscle elevates and adducts the eyeball?

Superior rectus

Which muscle depresses and abducts the eyeball?

Superior oblique

Which muscle adducts the eye?

Medial rectus

Which muscle depresses and adducts the eye?

Inferior rectus

Which muscle elevates and abducts the eye?

Inferior oblique

Which muscle abducts the eye and is innervated by CN VI?

Lateral rectus

What nerve innervates the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris?

CN III, superior division

What nerve innervates the medial rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique?

CN III, inferior division

Which muscle abducts the eye and is innervated by CN VI?

Lateral rectus

What nerve innervates the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris?

CN III, superior division

What nerve innervates the medial rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique?

CN III, inferior division

Which muscle adducts the eye?

Medial rectus

Which muscle depresses and adducts the eye?

Inferior rectus

Which muscle elevates and abducts the eye?

Inferior oblique