Standard model

too many flavours 🥀

Fermions

Particles that join together to make up all the matter we see (Leptons and quarks)

Quarks

An elementary particle with electric charge and mass which combine with other quarks to form hadrons such as protons and neutrons. Never found in isolation. All have spin of 1/2. Each has an antimatter version with opposite charge and baryon number (which is 1/3 normally)

Flavours of quarks with charge

Up

Down

Charm

Strange

Top

Bottom

+2/3

-1/3

+2/3

-1/3

+2/3

-1/3

Hadrons

Groups of quarks - either baryons (3) or mesons (1 normal, 1 anti)

Baryons

Hadrons made of 3 quarks

Mesons

Hadrons made of one quark and one antiquark

Leptons

Elementary particles which do not undergo strong force interactions (by themselves). All have spin of 1/2. 3 charged and 3 non charged. Each has an antiparticle (antilepton) with opposite charge

Lepton flavours

Electron

Muon

Tau

Electron neutrino

Muon neutrino

Tau neutrino

-1

-1

-1

0

0

0

Boson

Force carriers (don’t need to know about them for year 11)