Embalming Theory Final

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48 Terms

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Embalming

process of chemically treating the dead human body to reduce the presence and growth of
microorganisms, to temporarily inhibit organic decomposition, and to restore an acceptable physical appearance

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Disinfection

destruction and/or inhibition of most pathogenic organisms and their products in or on the body

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Medical Examiner

elected or appointed official of a local community, with a medical degree, who holds inquests
concerning sudden, violent, and unexplained deaths

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Coroner

elected or appointed official of a local community who may or may not have medical training and
holds inquests concerning sudden, violent, and unexplained deaths.

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Proteins

a biochemical compound that is a polymer of many amino acids

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Enzymes

organic catalyst produced by living cells and capable of autolytic decomposition

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Sanitization

process to promote and establish conditions which minimize or eliminate biohazards

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0.1 ppm

level where there is irritation of the mucosa of the eyes, nose, and throat

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100 ppm

exposure level that is immediately dangerous to life and health

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Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)

2 ppm in 15 mins.

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Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

0.75 in 8hrs

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Aerosolization

minute particles that are dispersed, atomized, and suspended in air.

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Gravity Injector

apparatus used to inject arterial fluid; relies on gravity to create the pressure required to deliver the fluid

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Hand Pump

historical instrument resembling a hypodermic syringe attached to a bottle apparatus; used to create either pressure for injection or vacuum for aspiriation

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Arterial Tube

canula

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Bistoury

a one-piece scalpel used for making incisions and excisions

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Angular spring forceps

used for removal of venous blood clots

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Clavarium clamp

used to reattach the calvarium to the cranium after a cranial autopsy

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Hydroaspirator

utilizes water supply to create suction and is used to aspirate the contents of the body cavities

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Aneurysm needle/hook

used for blunt direction with an eye in the hook for placing ligature around raised vessels

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Agonal algor

decrease in body temp. immediately before death

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Agonal fever

increase in body temp. immediately before death

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hypostasis

process of blood and/or other fluids settling to the dependent portions of the body that can occur in the antemortem, agonal, or p. mortem.

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Agonal translocation

redistribution of endemic microflora on a host-wide basis immediately before death

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Antemortem subcutaneous emphysema

distention of the tissues beneath the skin by gas or air from a puncture or tear in the pleural sac or the lung tissue

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Somatic death

death of all vital functions of the body

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Algor mortis (P)

postmortem cooling of the body to surrounding temperature

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Livor Mortis (P)

cadaveric lividity - intravascular red-blue discoloration resulting from postmortem hypostasis of blood

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Desiccation

extreme dehydration resulting in post-embalming discolorations

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Imbibition (P)

swelling and softening of tissues and organs as a result of absorbing moisture from adjacent sources

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Autolysis

self-destruction of cells

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P.Mortem physical changes:

-algor mortis

-hypostasis

-livor mortis

-dehydration

-^ viscosity of the blood

-endo. invasion of microorganisms

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P. mortem chemical changes:

-p. mortem caloricity
-p. mortem stain

-shift in pH

-rigor mortis

-decomp

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Anabolism

the building phase

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Catabolism

breakdown phase

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Cadaveric spasm

immediate stiffening of the muscles of a dead human body

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Arterial Fluids

concentrated preservative chemicals (aldehydes, alcohols, and phenolic compounds)

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Disinfectant

chem. agents applied to surfaces to kill most disease causing microbial agents - not spore (quaternary ammonium compounds, aldehydes, alcohols, phenolic compounds)

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Modifying agents

  • humectants

  • buffers

  • anti-coagulants

  • surfactants

  • dyes

  • perfuming agents

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Humectants

increase capability of retaining moisture in tissues (aloe, glycerol, sorbitol, glycols, lanolin)

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Buffers

maintaining pH balance (borax, sodium phosphates, citrates, sodium salt)

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Surfactants

surface tension reducers for better flow

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Supplemental fluids

fluids injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection
that will enhance the actions of the arterial solution

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Pre-injection fluid

capillary wash - the introduction of a non-preservative solution to prepare the
vascular system before the injection of the preservative solution

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Linear guide

line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some
deeper-lying structure

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Anatomical guide

descriptive reference for locating arteries and veins by means of identifiable anatomical
structures.

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Anatomical limits

points of origin and termination in relation to adjacent structures used to designate the boundaries of arteries.

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Primary Dilution Factor

C (bottle) x V (bottle) = C (machine) x V (per gal in machine)

  • convert gal to oz. (128oz = 1 gal)

  • use % as a real value