2 - Community Health Nursing Practice Questions with Rationales

In 1980, WHO declared the Philippines free from which disease?

Smallpox. Rationale: The last documented case occurred in 1977.

What is the sex ratio if there are 35,299,000 males and 34,968,000 females?

100.94 males per 100 females. Rationale: Sex ratio is the number of males for every 100 females.

What is an indicator of success in the use of primary health care approach?

Health programs are sustained according to the level of development of the community.

Sputum examination may give false negative results. What characteristic of a diagnostic test is involved?

Sensitivity. Rationale: Sensitivity is the ability to detect true cases.

Which medicinal herb is used for fever, headache, and cough?

Lagundi.

What law created the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care?

R.A. 8423.

In traditional Chinese medicine, what is the yielding, negative, feminine force?

Yin.

What is the legal basis for Primary Health Care approach in the Philippines?

Letter of Instruction No. 949.

Which demonstrates intersectoral linkages?

Cooperation between the PHN and public school teacher.

A municipality has a population of 20,000. Estimate the number of children aged 1–4 years who need Retinol capsules.

2,300 children. Rationale: Multiply population by 11.5%.

Estimate the number of pregnant women in a barangay with a population of 1,500.

265 pregnant women. Rationale: Multiply population by 3.5%.

Which demographic tools describe sex composition of a population?

Sex ratio, sex proportion, and population pyramid.

Which of the following is a natality rate?

Crude birth rate. Rationale: Natality refers to birth.

How is crude death rate computed?

Number of deaths divided by total population multiplied by 1,000.

Which population is most susceptible to protein energy malnutrition (PEM)?

1–4 year old children.

Which statistic best reflects community health status?

Swaroop’s index.

What is the neonatal mortality rate formula?

Number of deaths under 28 days divided by live births multiplied by 1,000.

Which statistic best reflects nutritional status of a population?

1–4 year old age-specific mortality rate.

What numerator is used in computing general fertility rate?

Number of registered live births.

What method is best for gathering nutritional assessment data from target families?

Survey.

In census population assignment, what method is based on actual physical location?

De facto.

The Monthly Field Health Service Activity Report belongs to which FHSIS component?

Tally report.

Which FHSIS component monitors clients on long-term treatment regimens?

Target/client list.

What law requires birth registration within 30 days?

P.D. 651.

Who can sign the birth certificate?

Any birth attendant, including public health nurse, rural health midwife, or physician.

Which priority-setting criterion is used only in community health care?

Magnitude of the health problem.

What is true about the Sentrong Sigla Movement?

Its main strategy is certification of health centers able to comply with standards.

Which women are special targets for family planning?

Women who just had delivery within the past 15 months.

What illustrates freedom of choice in family planning?

Providing adequate information about different family planning methods.

Which substance is contraindicated for a woman who is 6 months pregnant?

Retinol 200,000 IU. Rationale: High-dose Vitamin A may cause teratogenic effects.

Which finding disqualifies a woman from home delivery?

OB score G5P3. Rationale: Women with 5 or more pregnancies are high risk.

Lack of which vitamin may cause neural tube defects?

Folic acid.

During home delivery, what should the nurse do first?

Note the interval, duration, and intensity of labor contractions.

How can breastfeeding lessen blood loss after delivery?

Suckling stimulates oxytocin release causing uterine contraction.

Why should breastfeeding begin within 30 minutes after delivery?

To stimulate milk production by the mammary acini through prolactin release.

What is a sign that a baby is properly latched during breastfeeding?

The mother does not feel nipple pain.

Until when is breast milk sufficient for all nutrient needs?

Up to 6 months.

What is given to a woman within one month after delivery?

Retinol 200,000 IU capsule.

Which EPI biological is stored in the freezer?

Measles vaccine.

Unused BCG should be discarded how many hours after reconstitution?

4 hours.

Why is parental consent not required for school entrant BCG immunization?

P.D. 996 made immunization compulsory.

Which immunization produces a permanent scar?

BCG.

A 4-week-old baby comes for first immunization. Which vaccine can be given?

Infant BCG.

When should DPT 2 not be given after DPT 1?

When the infant experienced seizures within 3 days after DPT 1.

A 2-month-old infant has a temperature of 38.1°C. What is the best action?

Continue with immunization. Rationale: Fever below 38.5°C is not a contraindication.

A mother received her 4th tetanus toxoid dose. How long will the baby be protected?

1 year.

A 4-month-old infant has respiratory rate of 42/minute. How is breathing classified?

Normal. Rationale: Fast breathing at 2–12 months is ≥50/minute.

Which sign indicates severe pneumonia in children?

Chest indrawing.

What is the management for severe pneumonia?

Refer urgently to the hospital.

A 5-month-old infant with diarrhea has sunken eyes and slow skin return. Classification?

Some dehydration.