Chapter 4 Vocabulary

Emotional Damage

Nucleus

organelle that controls all the activities of a cell and contains hereditary material made of proteins and DNA

Mitosis

cell process in which the nucleus divides to form two nuclei identical to each other and identical to the original nucleus in a series of steps

Chromosome

structure in a cell’s nucleus that contains hereditary material

Asexual Reproduction

a type of reproduction fission, budding, and regeneration in which a new organism is produced from one organism and has DNA identical to the parent organism

Organism

any living thing; uses energy, is made of cells, reproduces, responds, grows, and develops

Sexual Reproduction

a type of reproduction in which two sex cells, usually an egg and a sperm, join to form a zygote, which will develop into a new organism with a unique identify

Sperm

haploid sex cell formed in the male reproductive organs

egg

haploid sex cell formed in the female reproductive organs

fertilization

in sexual reproduction, the joining of a sperm and egg

zygote

new diploid cell formed hwen a sperm fertilizes an egg; will divide by mitosis and develop into a new organism

diploid

cell whose similar chromosomes occur in pairs

haploid

meiosis