APUSH STUDY QUIZLET

Catholic colony fleeing persecution / tobacco / lead by Leonard Calvert

Maryland

Anglican colony (joint-stock) / tobacco and slave labor / Jamestown as first ever colony

Virginia

Quakers (farmers wanting more land) / small tobacco farms, self reliant / had harbors

North Carolina

Christian/Anglican colony (fur and food source) / large amounts of rice and slavery plantations / Charleston Port

South Carolina

Catholic and religious freedom colony / protect southern colonies from Spain / James Oglethorpe

Georgia

Puritan / ship building, fur, fishing, lumber / John Winthrop

Massachusetts

Protestant / fishing, whaling, ship building / fortune through trade with Europe

New Hampshire

Puritan / flour, fish, iron bars / Thomas Hooker

Connecticut

Baptists, Quakers, and Jews / farming / Roger Williams

Rhode Island

Diverse religion / fur (beaver) / to guard harbor and trade / Originally "New Amsterdam"

New York

Catholics, Jews, Lutherans, and Quakers / political and religious freedom / grew LOTS of wheat

New Jersey

Quakers / religious freedom / iron / William Penn

Pennsylvania

Swedes establishing a colony / diverse religion / tobacco / first to ratify federal constitution

Delaware

Great Britain attempting to obtain territories in colonies / lead to Proclamation of 1763 / opening of "7 year war"

French and Indian War

Banned colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains / lead to strict Navigation Acts and later the Sugar Act

Proclamation of 1763

Placed taxes on tea, rum, molasses, and sugar / taxed only things NOT made in the colonies / colonists enraged

Sugar Act (1763-1764)

required colonists to purchase stamped paper / was boycotted / lead to Townsend and Tea Acts

Stamp Act (1764-1765)

Taxed imports to the colonies / boycotted, repealed, and king lost $$

Townsend Act (1767)

heavily taxed tea imports / Boston Tea Party

Tea Act (1773)

Boston Harbor closed / smugglers and trade market loses $$ / colonists demand self-government

Intolerable Acts (1774)

Colonists and redcoats argue which leads to fight breakout / 5 colonists killed / publicized as propaganda

Boston Massacre (1770)

Colonists throw tea into harbor after it was gifted as a peace offering by Europe / responds with Intolerable Acts

Boston Tea Party (1773)

Court case that established "judicial review" / Secretary of State was sued to have his commission obtained

Marbury vs. Madison (1803)

Indians selling the same land to U.S settlers and govt. / only U.S govt. can deal with Indian tribal land

McIntosh vs. Johnson

arrested for residing on Indian land without states permission / Indian tribes considered sovereign nations so states cant regulate anything, only U.S govt.

Worcester vs Georgia

determined that a state (New Hampshire in this case) can not interfere with a contract between two private parties

Dartmouth College vs. Woodward

slave from Missouri that sued for his freedom / slaves ruled as property

Dred Scott vs Stanford

"white" in appearance but considered black, arrested for sitting in White section of train car / brought attention to unfairness of laws and application of 14th amendment

Plessy vs. Ferguson

arrested for violating espionage act of 1917, draft involuntary servitude / freedom of speech could be restricted in a "clear and present danger"

Schneck vs U.S

socialist arrested for speech under Sedition Act / arrested for disturbed leaflets opposing military draft

Debs vs U.S

Italian immigrants charged with murder and robbery / executed despite being found innocent

Sacco and Vanzetti Case

skilled and unskilled workers with goals of higher wages and an 8 hour work day / broad social platform that lost support by 1877

National Labor Union

Railroad workers strike on the Baltimore and Ohio RR / shut down 2/3's of the country's rail trackage

Great Railroad Strike of 1877

leader = Terence V. Powderly / promoted abolition of child labor and monopolies / grew and dismembered quickly due to Haymarket Crisis

Knights of Labor

80,000 Knights, 200 anarchists / police attempted to break up meeting when a bomb was thrown, killing 7 police officers

Haymarket Crisis

concentrated on attaining narrower economic goals / led by Samuel Gompers / by 1901, they were the nations largest Union with 1 million members

American Federation of Labor

too many hours and not enough pay / chose to strike by refusing to hitch mail carts together / arrested for interfering with mail transportation / led to Debs vs. U.S

Pullman Strike

South Carolina / small but growing slave rebellion / a walk that grew 10 miles and slaves killed 20-25 whites / whites reacted by killing up to 30 slaves for over 6 months and Negro Act limited their freedom

Stono Rebellion (1739)

Richmond Virginia / hired as an artisan, the leader wanted to plan a rebellion that weather ended up prohibiting / Virginia executed 27 blacks (including the leader) even though nothing happened

Gabriel's Rebellion (1800)

Territory of Orleans /200-500 rebel slaves fought for freedom against 2 companies of volunteer militia / 95 slaves killed, 2 whites killed

Uprising In Louisiana (1811)

Southampton County, Virginia / leader had signs from the heavens to fight for freedom / he and followers killed 55 whites / leader and 200 (mostly uninvolved) slaves killed afterwards

Nat Turner's Rebellion (1831)

Simple reconstruction plan before his death / full pardon to those who pledge allegiance / state govt. can become a state again if 10% pledge allegiance

Lincoln's Policy (Proclamation for Amnesty)

almost exactly like Lincolns plan but required 50% of territories population to pledge

Wade Davis Bill (1864)

March 1865 / provided food, shelter, medical aid to those destitute by war / 3,000 new schools for freed African Americans

Freedman's Bureau

May 1865 Johnson created this policy / disfranchises former leaders of confederacy and confederates with more than $20,000 in property

Johnson's Reconstruction Policy

8 months after Johnson took office / 11 states qualified to join Union

Southern Government of 1865

"Jim Crows Laws" / prevented African Americans from testify in court and owning land

Black Codes

Johnson vetoed Freedman's Bureau and Black Codes / civil rights bill

Johnson Vetoes

pronounced all African Americans to be U.S citizens / tried to provide legal shield against southern 'Black Codes'

Civil Rights Act of 1866

declared all persons in born in U.S to be citizens / obligated states to respect rights of U.S citizens and protect them / got rid of debts of confederate govt.s and disqualified former conf. leaders from holding office

14th Amendment

trial for violation of constitution and criminal act / Tenure of Office Act (prez. cant hire or fire anyone without Congress approval)

Impeachment of Andrew Johnson

prohibits govt. and individuals from denying a U.S citizens their right to vote, no matter race, color, or job status

15th Amendment

equal accommodations in public places and no racial discrimination in court / enforced loosely because of N vs S tensions

Civil Rights Acts of 1875

a group of people who share the same history, traditions, or language, lives in a particular area under one govt.

Nation-State

investors pool money for a common purpose

Joint Stock Companies

he set fire to the town and was sent back to England / first rebellion of taxes, govt., etc. of New World

Bacon's Rebellion

a plan to place the British North American colonies under a more centralized government / representatives from seven of the British North American colonies adopted the plan.

Albany Plan

colonists have "visual representation" / Parliament could set any laws they wanted for well being of colonists

Declaratory Act

John Adams / restates loyalty and colonial requirements / urges for peace during Rebellion

Olive Branch Petition

a 47-page pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1775-1776 advocating independence from Great Britain to people in the Thirteen Colonies / marshaled moral and political arguments to encourage common people in the Colonies to fight for egalitarian government.

"Common Sense"

created a loose confederation of sovereign states and a weak central government, leaving most of the power with the state governments / guided U.S through war / problematic

Articles of Confederation (1777)

To decide how America was going to be governed (1787)

Constitutional Convention

uprising in Western Massachusetts and Worcester in response to a debt crisis and increased efforts to collect taxes / The fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787.

Shay's Rebellion

agreements with Spain to allow usage of Mississippi River for a fee

Pinckeny's Treaty

Legislation by the U.S. Congress in December 1807 / closed U.S. ports to all exports and restricted imports from Britain / U.S reaction to Napoleon Wars

Embargo Act

a U.S. victory in central Alabama over Native Americans opposed to white expansion into their territories and which largely brought an end to the Creek War (1813-14)

Battle of Horseshoe Bend

agreement to stop fighting even though no one "won" / ended war of 1812 / It assured Americans that their independence was permanent and that Britain would no longer make claims to U.S. territory

Treaty of Ghent (1814)

future territories will be admitted as 'pairs' / sectionalism / balance regional interests

Missouri Compromise (Henry Clay)

Abolition, Women's Suffrage, Sectionalism, Economic Growth, and Geographical Expansion

Antebellum Era (1815-1860)

Gave Florida to U.S / $5 million given to Spain / defined territory between U.S and Spain

Adams-Onis Treaty

increased price of foreign textiles to protect American business / foreign countries in return refuse to buy U.S cotton

Dallas Tariff (1824-1828)

repealed the Missouri Compromise, created two new territories, and allowed for popular sovereignty / produced a violent uprising known as "Bleeding Kansas," as proslavery and antislavery activists flooded into the territories to sway the vote

Kansas-Nebraska Act (Steven Douglas)

Northern Battle Plan:

1. Take over Mississippi River

2. Blockade southern ports

3. Capture the CSA capital

Anaconda Plan

Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.(1865)

13th Amendment

enacted during the Civil War in 1862, provided that any adult citizen, or intended citizen, who had never borne arms against the U.S. government could claim 160 acres of surveyed government land as long as they improve it within 5 year lease

Homestead Act (1862)

illegal to form trust that interferes with free trade between states or countries / illegal to have monopoly

Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)

"agreement" between U.S and Native American Tribes / reservation land promised, but violated after discovery of gold in South Dakota

Treaty of Fort Laramie

Indian nations are NOT considered nations / seen as 'wards of the govt.'

Indian Appropriation Act (1871)

tried to civilize Indians and make them more little settlers by giving them land to farm, instead it harmed their native culture

Dawes Act (1887)

federal law that states RR rates must be 'reasonable and just' / Teddy Roosevelt / Big Businesses no likey

Interstate Commerce Act (1886)

National Alliance meets again and creates populist party

Omaha Platform (Nebraska) (1892)

limited immigration workers in specific areas / supported by Labor Unionists and Social Darwinists

Contract Labor Law

nationalism achieved through aggressive foreign policy

Jingoism

Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program, which reflected his three major goals: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection

Square Deal

presidential power to reserve land for federal usage

Antiquities Act

proposed a military alliance between Germany and Mexico if the United States entered World War I against Germany.

The Zimmerman Note

establishes the war 'draft' in 1917

Selective Service Act

granted women the right to vote in 1920

19th amendment

Made it a crime to criticize the government or government officials / Opponents claimed that it violated citizens' rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, guaranteed by the First Amendment.

Sedition Act

A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I.

Fourteen Points

illegality of alcohol in the U.S / prohibition

18th Amendment

repealed 18th Amendment (Prohibition)

21st amendment

"war only used as a last resort / focus on disarmament in the future"

Kellogg-Braind Pact

filters money to Germany for rebuilding / ends due to Great Depression

Dawes Pact

Also known as the Fair Labor Standards Act, this banned discrimination in the war industries.

Executive Order 8802

authorized japanese relocation during WWII / discrimination of Japanese/asians

Executive Order 9066

(1846-1848) The war between the United States and Mexico in which the United States acquired one half of the Mexican territory.

Mexican American War

Policy of the US that it would defend the Middle East against attack by any Communist country

Eisenhower Doctrine

Disclosure of the White House involvement in the break-in and subsequent cover-up forced President Nixon to resign in 1974 to avoid impeachment.

Watergate Scandal

riots of college students against Vietnam War / 5 students died in this incident

Kent State Riots (1970)