Upper Extremity Radiography: Hand, Fingers, and Thumb

Flashcards covering hand, finger, and thumb anatomy, articulations, and radiographic procedures based on lecture notes.

The hand contains a total of __________ phalanges.

$$14$$

In the hands and fingers, both the metacarpals and phalanges have a __________-proximal, body, and __________-proximal.

head and base

The interphalangeal joints of the hand are classified as __________ joints.

hinge

While the 2nd through 5th carpometacarpal joints are gliding joints, the 1st carpometacarpal joint is a __________ joint.

saddle

The proximal row of carpal bones from lateral to medial side consists of the scaphoid (navicular), lunate (semilunar), __________, and pisiform.

triquetrum (triquetral)

The distal row of carpal bones from lateral to medial includes the __________ (Greater Multangular), trapezoid (Lesser Multangular), capitate (Os magnum), and hamate (Unciform).

trapezium

The __________ is the forearm bone located on the thumb side, while the __________ is on the 5th digit side.

radius and ulna

The three routine projections for hand radiography are PA, __________, and lateral.

PA oblique

For a PA hand projection, the central ray (CR) is placed perpendicular to the __________ joint.

$3rd$ metacarpophalangeal

The suggested exposure factors for a PA projection of the hand are __________ and __________.

$0.1\,mAs$ and $66\,kVp$

On a PA hand image evaluation, the absence of rotation is indicated by a __________ appearance on both sides of the phalanges.

concave

To perform a PA oblique hand projection, the hand is rotated __________ laterally from the pronated position.

$$45\,degrees$$

When performing an oblique hand, using a __________ __________ sponge will help open the IP joints but results in some magnification.

stair step

A __________ lateral hand projection is performed when the phalanges need to be seen separated rather than superimposed.

fan

A true lateral hand projection is specifically performed for __________ localization or assessing displacement of a fracture.

foreign body

The Norgaard Method, also known as the __________ position, is used to detect rheumatoid arthritis.

ball-catcher's

For individual finger radiography (digits 2-5), the CR placement on the part is the __________ joint.

proximal interphalangeal

A mediolateral lateral projection is used for the __________ and __________ digits.

$2nd$ and $3rd$

A lateromedial lateral projection is used for the __________ and __________ digits.

$4th$ and $5th$

For an AP projection of the thumb, the CR enters at the __________ joint.

$1st$ metacarpophalangeal

The image evaluation of the thumb requires the visualization of the __________ joint, which is not required for other finger projections.

carpometacarpal

For the lateral projection of the thumb, the hand is rotated __________ until the thumb is in the lateral position.

medially