Unit 1

vital signs

body temperature, respiration, pulse, blood pressure, mental state, sensorium

radiologist should…

measure or assess vitals if there is an emergency

body temperature can change by

environment, time of day, patients age, weight, physical exercise, disease, injury

normal adult body temperature

98.6 F (37 C)

average temp for child

99-99.7 F

places to check body temperature

orally rectal, tempanic, axillary

hypothermia

below body temperature, 95 F or below

pyrexia

fever due to disease or infection

average pulse for adult

60-100 BPM

average pulse for child

70-120 BPM

places to check for pulse

radial and carotid

tachycardia

over 100 BPM, fast paced

bradycardia

slow rate, below 100 BPM

respiration

rhythmic exchange of gases through the lungs

adult average respiration rate

12-20 BreathsPM

child respiratory rate

20-30 BreathsPM

newborn average respiratory

30-60 BreathsPM

A.L.O.C

altered level of conciousness

what does ALOC cause

10 BPM lower than average

respiratory can be affected by

medication, age, illness, exercise

dyspnea

difficulty or labored breathing

blood pressure

measurement of the force exerted on the walls of arteries during cardiac contraction and relaxation

blood pressure varies by

age, sex, physical development, body position, health, time of day

how to measure blood pressure

stethoscope and sphygmomanometer

in 120/80, what is 120

systolic, ventricular contraction

in 120/80, what is 80

diastolic, ventricular relaxation

hypertension

elevation of blood pressure, 140/90

hypotension

low blood pressure, 95/60

oxygen tanks

considered a drug and need to be prescribed, color green

medical emergency

the condition of a patient or a sudden change in medical status requires immediate attention

shock caused by

fluid loss, cardiac failure, obstruction of blood flow, blood loss, Skin is cold and clammy. Decreased urine output. Respiration increases, increase in anxiety.

progressive shock signs (bad)

BP falls, rapid shallow breathing, chest pains, confusion, can cause death

neurogenic shock

Pain and stress on the spinal cord.

hypovolemic shock

low blood volume or loss of blood.

cardiogenic shock

heart is not able to pump enough blood

vasogenic shock

caused by sepsis (immune system), anaphylactitc (allergy)