Human Anatomy & Physiology definitions - Chapter 1-3 test - set 1

Anabolism

The assembly of more complex molecules from simpler molecules.

Anatomic Position

The standard reference position used for describing locations and directions on the human body.

Anatomy

The scientific study of the body's structure.

Anterior

Describes the front or direction of the front on the human body.

Anterior Cavity

A large body cavity located anterior to the posterior (dorsal) body.

Catabolism

The breaking down of more complex molecules into simpler molecules.

Caudal

A position below or lower than another part of the body; near or towards the tail.

Cell

The smallest independently functioning unit of all organisms; in animals, a cell contains a cytoplasm, composed of fluid and organelles.

Cranial

A position above or higher than another part of the body; also referred to as superior.

Cranial Cavity

A division of the posterior (dorsal) cavity that houses the brain.

Deep

A position farther from the surface of the body.

Developmental

The changes an organism goes through during its life.

Differentiation

The process by which unspecialized cells become specialized in structure and function.

Distal

A position farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.

Dorsal

Back or direction toward the back of the body; also referred to as posterior.

Dorsal Cavity

The posterior body cavity that houses the brain and spinal cord; also referred to as the posterior body cavity.

Effector

An organ that can cause a change in value.

Frontal Plane

A 2-dimensional vertical plane that divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior portions.

Gross Anatomy

The study of the larger structures of the body, typically with the unaided eye.

Growth

The process of increasing in size.

Homeostasis

The steady state of body systems that living organisms maintain.

Inferior

A position below or lower than another part of the body; near or toward the tail; also referred to as caudal.