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Pay Structure
the way in which an organization applies pay rates and financial rewards to different jobs, skills, or competencies
Reward System
The policies, procedures, and practices used by an organization to determine the amount and types of returns individuals, teams, and the organization receive in exchange for their membership and contributions
Total compensation
package of compensation and benefits that employees receive
Relational returns
Non-monetary incentives and rewards, such as new learning and developmental opportunities, enriched and challenging work, job security, and recognition
benefits
Employee rewards that are sometimes referred to as indirect pay and include health, life, and disability insurance; retirement programs; and work-life balance programs
equity theory
a theory of motivation that suggests that employee motivation at work is driven largely by their sense of fairness
organizational justice theory and the types of justice
the extent to which an organization treats people fairly. Organizational justice includes fairness related to outcomes, procedures, and interpersonal interactions
internal equity
The fairness of pay rates across jobs within an organization
compa-ratio
A ratio that reflects how much employees are actually paid for a given job or pay grade compared to the espoused pay structure and policies, and it can be used to assess whether systematic compression or inversion is occurring
job structure
the ranking of jobs based on their respective worth.
What is job evaluation?
Process in which subject matter experts determine the relative worth of jobs within an organization
What is the point-factor method in job evaluation?
An approach where a team of experts identifies compensable factors, develops scales and weights, and assigns points to jobs based on these factors
broad banding
the practice of grouping jobs in a company into a few levels with a large difference between the lowest paid and the highest paid in each level
market strategies
creating content that promotes your company's objectives, products, and services to your existing employee
pay for performance
encourage your employees to hit their performance goals by offering them a monetary incentive
piecework plans
form of work in which employees are paid not on the basis of working time, but on the basis of their work performance
traditional pay plan
employees receive compensation based on a fixed hourly pay rate or annual salary
intrinsic motivation
behavior driven by internal reward
extrinsic motivation
behaviors exhibited by an individual driven by external stimuli and incentives
reinforcement theory and who developed it
an employer can influence and change the behaviour of employees through reinforcement, punishment, or extinction
B.F. Skinner
expectancy theory
emphasizes the connection between effort, rewards, and goals
valence
how much an individual values the reward
pay plans
A particular table or array of pay rates prescribed by law or other authoritative source that establishes the basic pay rates for certain employees
profit sharing
a way for employers to provide employees with a portion of the business's profits, based on quarterly or annual earnings
stock option
an agreement between an employer and employee that allows an employee to buy a fixed number of shares of company stock at a specific price, usually within a set period of time
ESOP
an employee benefit plan that gives workers ownership interest in the company in the form of shares of stock
FICA
FICA is a U.S. federal payroll tax. It stands for the
Federal Insurance Contributions Act and is deducted
from each paycheck
social security
provides a range of programs to afford you a basic level of benefits in the event of your retirement, death, or disability
401(K)
a defined contribution plan in which the employee and employer contribute to the account up to an annual limit set by the IRS
403(b)
a retirement plan offered by public schools and certain 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organizations
retirement age
a legal age that must be reached before a employee is required to retire --- between the ages of 55 and 60
FMLA
provides certain employees with up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave per year
traditional care plans
a fee-for-service insurance plan in which you pay a monthly premium or fee to cover the cost of the health care plan
managed care plans
health insurance that contracts with providers for quality healthcare at lower costs for members
short term care
a type of care that is typically provided for a few weeks or months
HMO
A type of health insurance plan that usually limits coverage to care from doctors who work for or contract with the HMO. It generally won't cover out-of-network care except in an emergency
PPO
a subscription-based, reduced-rate medical care arrangement between subscribing members and a contracted network of preferred medical providers
POS
the degree to which employees believe that their organization values their contributions and cares about their well-being and fulfills socioemotional needs
HDHP
A plan with a higher deductible than a traditional insurance plan.
CDHP
PPO health insurance plan with a higher deductible but lower premium than traditional plans
defined benefit
one set up to provide a predetermined retirement benefit to employees or their beneficiaries, either in the form of a certain dollar amount or a specific percentage of compensation
defined contribution
does not promise a specific amount of benefits at retirement
IRA
a retirement savings account set up with a financial institution or brokerage firm that offers tax breaks for those investing income for their retirement
wellness
the overall well-being of an individual employee or group of employees
sick leave
a paid absence from duty
flextime
an arrangement that allows an employee to alter the starting and/or end time of her/his workday
PTO
compensated time away from work, provided by an employer to employees for them to use as they see fit
labor relations
Managing in response to labor laws relating to unions and collective bargaining
employee relations
The collective relationships between different employees as well as between employees and management in an organization
employee handbook
helps employees get acquainted with everything they need to be successful and safe in the workplace
Norris-LaGuardia Act
outlawed yellow-dog contracts (pledges by workers not to join a labor union) and further restricted the use of court injunctions in labor disputes against strikes, picketing and boycotts
NLRA
protects workplace democracy by providing employees at private-sector workplaces the fundamental right to seek better working conditions and designation of representation without fear of retaliation
LMRA
prohibits unions from engaging in unfair labor practices
collective bargaining
the process in which working people, through their unions, negotiate contracts with their employers to determine their terms of employment
right to work
if employees decide to form a union, you may not be fired if you decide not to join
at will
an employment agreement that can be terminated at any time, by either the employer or the employee, for any reason that is not illegal, or for no reason at all
negotiation
a strategic process of agreeing between two or more individuals, teams, or groups
BATNA
a course of action that a party engaged in negotiations has determined should be taken if talks fail and no agreement can be reached
alternative dispute resolution types
Any procedure which is used in lieu of a formal process or litigation to resolve conflicts and issues in controversy
arbitrator
hear and decide disputes between opposing parties
mediator
to act as an impartial third party who facilitates a meeting between two or more people in dispute, to help them reach an agreement
conflict management
the use of techniques to resolve disagreements or control the level of discord
steps to forming a union
bargaining unit, authorization cards, NLRB -- organization/company, campaign, election
workplace injury
an event or exposure in the work environment either caused or contributed to the resulting condition or significantly aggravated a pre-existing condition
workplace accident
an unforeseen event in the workplace that results in an injury, or a casualty, to an employee
safety behavior
the application of behavioral research on human performance to the problems of safety in the workplace
safety compliance behavior
ensures adherence to regulations, minimizing risks and promoting a secure environment
safety participation behavior
Provide frequent and regular feedback to show employees that their safety and health concerns are being heard and addressed
safety motivation
an individual's willingness to engage in safety behaviors and the value attached to those behaviors
safety climate
shared employee perceptions of the policies, practices, and procedures concerning safety
stressors
the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources, or needs of the worker
examples of stressors
bad management, poor communication, lack of involvement, unfairness, and harassment
open office
a working environment where there are no internal walls and no divided, smaller offices
ergonomics
the practice of making the work environment safe and productive for the worker
OSHA
guarantees workers the right to a safe and sanitary working environment and lays out guidelines to help employers achieve this goal
Bargaining Unit
The group of EEs that are going to potentially be represented by the union; the EEs that would go through an election
Authorization cards
Cards signed by employees to indicate that they want union representation.
NLRB ----- Organization/Company
independent federal agency that protects the rights of private sector employees to join together, with or without a union, to improve their wages and working conditions
Campaign
a series of operations to accomplish a goal
Election
the process of voting to choose a winner
4 elements ACA
free prevention care, individual mandate, patient's bill of rights, health insurance marketplace
free prevention care
Routine health care that includes screenings, check-ups, and patient counseling to prevent illnesses, disease, or other health problems
individual mandate
Individuals that do not have health coverage may have to pay a tax penalty or a "shared responsibility payment
patient's bill of rights
helps define what people can expect in certain health related situations
health insurance marketplace
A service that helps people shop for and enroll in health insurance
Job family
a group of positions that involve work in the same functional occupation and have related core knowledge and background requirements
pay grade
a system used by employers to categorize jobs based on their level of responsibility, skills required, and experience
parts of medicare
Part A provides inpatient/hospital coverage.
Part B provides outpatient/medical coverage.
Part C offers an alternate way to receive your Medicare benefits
Part D provides prescription drug coverage
AHCCCS
Arizona's Medicaid program designed to deliver quality health care under managed care
gainsharing
a system of management in which an organization seeks higher levels of performance through the involvement and participation of its people