Chapter 7 section 3

Succesion def? You can see early signs of succesion in?Where?in?There are two types?

Primary succesion? Such as? Secondary succesion?E.x?

The gradual sequaintial regrowth of species in an area is called succsionn

Abondent fields vacant lots along roads and eve sidewalks;ls pr parking lots, weed is pushibng up through the track in concrete

Primary succesion and secondary succesion

Is the development of a community in a are that has not supported life before

Bare rock sand dune and an island formed by a volcanic erruptions

Is the sequantial replacemnt of species that follows disruption of an existing comunitty

Natural disaster such as foresdt fire strong storm or human activities sucha s farming looging or mining

a new habitat whether? Is an invitation? Pioneer species def? They tend to be? They are well suited?

Its a freshly plowed filed newly exposed bedrockor a pond of water left by heavy rain

To species that are adapted to be good pioneers

The species that predominate early in succession

Tend to be small fast growing and reproducing are well suited for invading and occupying a disturbed habitat

Primary succesion

Primary succesion often proceeds very slowly beacuse?for example? Thos geologic formation called? Was a place where? Repeated? Lichens snd mutalistic relation between? Dod what to the rock?

The monerals neccesary for plant hrowth are unabialiavle, when glaciers last retearrd rrom eastren canada about 12k years ago they left a hugr stretch of bareen bedrock from ehich all the oil had been scraped , the canadian shirld

Plants and most animals cant live , freezing and thawing broke this rock into smaller pieces , fingi and either algea or cyanobacteria , colonized the rock

Acids in?did what? Eventually ? Along with? Begun to? Few what could grow? These plants then? Soon?today mich of the canadian shield is densely populated with? Whos roots cling to soil who in some areas is still about?

Lichens and mildly acidic rain. Washed nitrient minerals from the rock , the dead organic matter from the decayed lichens along with minerals from the rock to form a thin layer of soil where frw gradslike plants can grow

Died and their decomposition added more organic material to the soil, shrubs began to grow and then tress appeared , pinr balsam and spruce few deep

Glacier bay alaska e.x

Ecologists study the proccrs of primary succesion by examining? A the changes take about? Explain the steps?

A variety of areas at diffrent succesional stages 200 years

Lifeless glacial (till) which is pulvarized gray rock

The second is the wake retreating glacier

Is an early stage of succession in whcih small plants and shribs are growing on site

Am end stage of succession

Secondary succession

It ocures when? Such as?but? In secondary succesion it commonly takes about ? In eastern tempeate regions for secon ot typicaly begins?

An existing comunity has been cleared by a disturbance, agricultural, the soil has been left intact, 100 years for the original ecosystem to return thorough a deries of well defined stages

Secondary suc typically begins with annual gradsses mustards and dandelions

Succesions proccrds with?

E.x is being pionnefed by? Evetually taller plants and shribs will? Next a forest of pinr or cottonwood my be sucrded by a? It takes about how many years without disturbances

Perennial graddes and shrubs continues with trees like dog wood and proceeds to decidous forest

Weeds shade out the pionnefs next a hardwood forest 100 years

The traditional description of succesion is ? The organisms in each stage ? In ways? In a sense? Leading ultimatly whoch remains

summary

….. is a change in the secies composition of a comunity?

Thr comunity proccrds through a preditable stages until it reaches a stable end point called climax comunity

Alter the physical environment , make ot less favorable for their pwn sirvival but more favorable for prganisms, each stage paves the way for the next

To the climax comunity, constant for a long period of time

succesion

Ecologists began to study they found a ? Some so called climax comunitirs for example are?instead of invitably proccrding toward climax comunity Alter succesion may be? By? For example many grasslands gove way? But? Ecologists agree i? In what ocurs in nature

Complex picture, stable and cantinue to change , regularly reset disturbances

To forests firest, the idea of single succesful pathway fin a stable climax comunity