TỪ VỰNG READING ĐỢT 01

reimbursement

n): Sự hoàn trả, tiền bồi hoàn. The action of repaying a person who has spent or lost money.

receipts

n, plural): Biên lai, hóa đơn. Written acknowledgements that a specified article or sum of money has been received.

detection

n): Sự phát hiện, sự khám phá. The action or process of identifying the presence of something concealed.

procedure

n): Thủ tục, quy trình. An established or official way of doing something.

commissioner

n): Ủy viên, cao ủy. A person appointed to a role on or by a commission.

sovereignty

n): Chủ quyền, quyền tối cao. Supreme power or authority; the authority of a state to govern itself or another state.

sufficient

adj): Đủ, đầy đủ. Enough; adequate.

fire hydrant

n): Trụ cứu hỏa, vòi nước chữa cháy. An outlet from a water main, typically consisting of an upright pipe with a nozzle or sprout, used for drawing water, especially by firefighters.

unprecedented

adj): Chưa từng có, chưa từng thấy, chưa có tiền lệ. Never done or known before.

charitable

adj): (Thuộc về) từ thiện, nhân đức. Relating to the assistance of those in need; generous in giving to those in need.

fibre

n) (UK) / fiber (US): Chất xơ, sợi. A thread or filament from which a vegetable tissue, mineral substance, or textile is formed; dietary material containing substances such as cellulose, lignin, and pectin, which are resistant to the action of digestive enzymes.

came to a halt

phr v): Đã dừng lại. To stop moving or operating.

expressionist

n): Người theo chủ nghĩa biểu hiện. A painter, writer, or composer who is an exponent of expressionism, seeking to express emotion or inner vision rather than represent external reality.

Cycle lanes

n, plural): Làn đường dành cho xe đạp. Parts of a road marked by lines that are intended for use by cyclists.

All too often

adv phr): Quá thường xuyên, rất thường xuyên. Very frequently, especially more frequently than is desirable.

cost and function

phr): Chi phí và chức năng. The price of something and the purpose for which it is designed or exists. (Đây là một cụm từ chung, không phải là một thuật ngữ cố định).

attempts to

phr v): Cố gắng (để làm gì). Makes an effort to achieve or complete (something, typically a difficult task or action).

opening

n): Sự khai trương, lỗ hổng, cơ hội. An available vacancy or opportunity; a hole or gap that allows passage or access.

elaborate

v/adj): (v) Trình bày chi tiết, làm cho công phu; (adj) Tỉ mỉ, công phu, phức tạp. (v) Develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in further detail. (adj) Involving many carefully arranged parts or details; detailed and complicated in design and planning.

basis

n): Cơ sở, nền tảng. The underlying support or foundation for an idea, argument, or process.

deduction

n): Sự suy luận, sự khấu trừ. The action of deducting or subtracting something; the inference of particular instances by reference to a general law or principle.

occurred

v, past tense/past participle of occur): Đã xảy ra, đã diễn ra. Happened; took place.

learned

v, past tense/past participle of learn; also adj): Đã học được (v); Có học thức, uyên bác (adj). (v) Gained or acquired knowledge of or skill in (something) by study, experience, or being taught. (adj) Having much knowledge acquired by study.

are expected to rise

phr): Được dự kiến sẽ tăng. It is anticipated that they will increase.

opens on Mondays and Thursdays

phr): Mở cửa vào thứ Hai và thứ Năm. Is available or accessible on Mondays and Thursdays. (Mô tả lịch hoạt động).

pronunciation

n): Sự phát âm, cách phát âm. The way in which a word is pronounced.

cooperation

n): Sự hợp tác. The action or process of working together to the same end.

doubled

v, past tense/past participle of double): Đã tăng gấp đôi. Became twice as much or as many.

cavity

n): Lỗ hổng, khoang; lỗ sâu răng. An empty space within a solid object; a decayed part of a tooth.

custody

n): Quyền nuôi con; sự giam giữ, sự trông nom. The protective care or guardianship of someone or something; imprisonment.

levy

v/n): (v) Thu (thuế), đánh (thuế); (n) Khoản thuế. (v) Impose (a tax, fee, or fine). (n) An act of levying a tax, fee, or fine.

suggest a levy on

phr v): Đề xuất một khoản thuế đối với. To propose the imposition of a tax on something.

applied arts

n, plural): Nghệ thuật ứng dụng. The application of design and decoration to everyday objects to make them aesthetically pleasing.

fine arts

n, plural): Mỹ thuật, nghệ thuật tinh hoa. Creative art, especially visual art, whose products are to be appreciated primarily or solely for their imaginative, aesthetic, or intellectual content.

excessive

adj): Quá mức, quá đáng. More than is necessary, normal, or desirable.

exertion

n): Sự gắng sức, sự nỗ lực. Physical or mental effort.

conform

v): Tuân theo, làm cho phù hợp. Comply with rules, standards, or laws; behave according to socially acceptable conventions or standards.

conformity

n): Sự tuân theo, sự phù hợp. Compliance with standards, rules, or laws; behaviour in accordance with socially accepted conventions.

persuasion

n): Sự thuyết phục; lòng tin, tín ngưỡng. The action or process of persuading someone or of being persuaded to do or believe something; a belief or set of beliefs, especially religious or political ones.

interfere

v): Can thiệp, xen vào. Take part or intervene in an activity without invitation or necessity.

auction

n/v): Cuộc đấu giá (n); Bán đấu giá (v). (n) A public sale in which goods or property are sold to the highest bidder. (v) Sell or offer for sale at an auction.

yearn

v): Khao khát, mong mỏi. Have an intense feeling of longing for something, typically something that one has lost or been separated from.

chief port

n): Cảng chính, cảng chủ yếu. The principal or most important port in a region or country.

world-renowned

adj): Nổi tiếng thế giới. Known and admired throughout the world.

archaeology

n): Khảo cổ học. The study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artefacts and other physical remains.

automatic teller

n) (also Automatic Teller Machine - ATM): Máy rút tiền tự động. An electronic banking outlet that allows customers to complete basic transactions without the aid of a branch representative or teller.

mishap

n): Tai nạn nhỏ, sự cố không may. An unlucky accident.

microscope

n): Kính hiển vi. An optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as mineral samples or animal or plant cells, typically magnified several hundred times.

polish

v/n): Đánh bóng (v); Chất đánh bóng, sự bóng bẩy (n). (v) Make the surface of (something) smooth and shiny by rubbing it. (n) A substance used to give a smooth, shiny surface to something when rubbed.

striped

adj): Có sọc, vằn. Marked with or having stripes.

toughest

adj, superlative of tough): Khó khăn nhất, cứng rắn nhất, bền nhất. Most difficult; strongest; most resilient.

certificate

n): Giấy chứng nhận, bằng cấp. An official document attesting a certain fact, in particular.

punctually

adv): (Một cách) đúng giờ. At the agreed or proper time; promptly.

necessary

adj): Cần thiết, thiết yếu. Needed to be done, achieved, or present; essential.

familiar

adj): Quen thuộc, thân quen. Well known from long or close association.

philosophical

adj): (Thuộc) triết học; có tính triết lý, bình thản. Relating or devoted to the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence.

philosophy

n): Triết học, triết lý. The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline.

reproductive

adj): (Thuộc) sinh sản. Relating to or effecting reproduction.

quantitative

adj): (Thuộc) định lượng. Relating to, measuring, or measured by the quantity of something rather than its quality.

a big rise

phr): Một sự gia tăng lớn. A significant increase.

agriculture

n): Nông nghiệp. The science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products.

the labor force

n phr): Lực lượng lao động. All the members of a particular organization or population who are able to work, viewed collectively.

anonymous

adj): Ẩn danh, nặc danh. (Of a person) not identified by name; of unknown name.

thorough

adj): Kỹ lưỡng, cẩn thận, triệt để. Complete with regard to every detail; not superficial or partial. KO Meticulous).

Interim

n/adj): (n) Thời gian chuyển tiếp; (adj) Tạm thời, lâm thời. (n) The intervening time. (adj) In or for the intervening period; provisional or temporary.

contention

n): Sự tranh chấp, sự tranh luận, luận điểm. Heated disagreement; an assertion, especially one maintained in argument. KO dispute

beneficiary

n): Người thụ hưởng (tài sản, lợi ích). A person who derives advantage from something, especially a trust, will, or life insurance policy.

penguin

n): Chim cánh cụt. A large flightless seabird of the southern hemisphere, with black upper parts and white underparts and wings developed into flippers for swimming under water.

prospective

adj): Tiềm năng, có triển vọng (trong tương lai). (Of a person) expected or expecting to be something particular in the future; likely to happen at a future date.

auditorium

n): Thính phòng, giảng đường. The part of a theatre, concert hall, or other public building in which the audience sits.

Grinding Shop

n): Cửa hàng/xưởng mài. A workshop where grinding (the process of wearing down a surface with an abrasive material) is done.

to phase out

phr v): Loại bỏ dần. To gradually stop using or providing something.

combustion engine

n): Động cơ đốt trong. An engine which generates motive power by the burning of petrol, oil, or other fuel with air inside the engine, the hot gases produced being used to drive a piston or do other work as they expand.

pollutant

n): Chất gây ô nhiễm. A substance that pollutes something, especially water or the atmosphere.

lingua franca

n): Ngôn ngữ chung (dùng giữa những người nói các ngôn ngữ mẹ đẻ khác nhau). A language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different.

puppet

n): Con rối; người bị giật dây. A movable model of a person or animal that is used in entertainment and is typically moved by strings or by a hand inside it; a person, group, or country under the control of another.

terrific

adj): Tuyệt vời, xuất sắc; kinh khủng (nghĩa cũ). Extremely good; excellent; (old-fashioned) causing terror.

Mediterranean

n/adj): (n) Địa Trung Hải; (adj) (Thuộc) Địa Trung Hải. (n) The Mediterranean Sea or the region bordering it. (adj) Relating to the Mediterranean Sea or the region bordering it.

fiery

adj): Rực lửa, nóng bỏng; nồng nhiệt, dữ dội. Consisting of fire or burning strongly and brightly; having a passionate, quick-tempered nature.

molten

adj): Nóng chảy (kim loại, đá). (Especially of materials with a high melting point, such as metal and glass) liquefied by heat.

shore

n): Bờ biển, bờ hồ. The land along the edge of a sea, lake, or river.

washed up onto

phr v): Bị sóng đánh dạt vào. (Of an object) carried by the tide or current and left on the shore.

anthropology

n): Nhân chủng học. The study of human societies and cultures and their development.

colossal

adj): Khổng lồ, to lớn. Extremely large.

faint

adj/v/n): (adj) Mờ nhạt, yếu ớt, uể oải; (v) Ngất xỉu; (n) Cơn ngất. (adj) (Of a sight, smell, or sound) barely perceptible; (of a hope or chance) slight; feeling weak and dizzy and close to losing consciousness. (v) Lose consciousness for a short time because of a temporarily insufficient supply of oxygen to the brain. (n) A sudden loss of consciousness.

negotiable

adj): Có thể thương lượng, có thể đàm phán. Open to discussion or modification.

economist

n): Nhà kinh tế học. An expert in economics.

fatally

adv): (Một cách) chí mạng, gây tử vong; (một cách) trầm trọng. In a way that leads to death or failure.

flawed

adj): Có thiếu sót, có khuyết điểm, không hoàn hảo. Having or characterized by a fundamental weakness or imperfection.

tense

adj/n/v): (adj) Căng thẳng, căng; (n) Thì (ngữ pháp); (v) Làm căng. (adj) (Especially of a muscle or someone's nerves) stretched tight or rigid; causing or showing anxiety and nervousness. (n) (Grammar) a set of forms taken by a verb to indicate the time (and sometimes the continuance or completeness) of the action in relation to the time of utterance. (v) Become or make tense.

ceremony

n): Nghi lễ, buổi lễ. A formal religious or public occasion, typically one celebrating a particular event or anniversary.

laboratory

n): Phòng thí nghiệm. A room or building equipped for scientific experiments, research, or teaching, or for the manufacture of drugs or chemicals.

assistance

n): Sự giúp đỡ, sự hỗ trợ. The action of helping someone with a job or task.

excursion

n): Chuyến tham quan, du ngoạn ngắn. A short journey or trip, especially one engaged in as a leisure activity.

prosperity

n): Sự thịnh vượng, sự phát đạt. The state of being prosperous.

more content

adj phr): Hài lòng hơn. Feeling or expressing greater happiness or satisfaction.

profound

adj): Sâu sắc, uyên thâm; cực độ. (Of a state, quality, or emotion) very great or intense; (of a person or statement) having or showing great knowledge or insight.

ethical

adj): (Thuộc) đạo đức, đúng với đạo lý. Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

dilemmas

n, plural of dilemma): Tình huống khó xử, tiến thoái lưỡng nan. Situations in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially equally undesirable ones.

intriguing

adj): Hấp dẫn, gợi sự tò mò. Arousing one's curiosity or interest; fascinating.