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calorie
Measurement of heat, and the energy required to remove that energy
are animal products more important for protein or calories
protein
red meat and poultry provide what % of the world’s meat supply
89%
Pork production is increasing by what % each year
1-2%
can you feed poultry litter to ruminants
yes
Animal proteins has higher amounts of what than plant proteins
Essential Amino Acids
Along with amino acids, what does meat provide the human body
vitamin B12
Developed countries consume how many lbs per person in dairy products per year
~500lbs/per person/per year
Less developed countries consume how many lbs per person in dairy products each year
<30lbs/per person/per year
Dairy production is increasing at what rate per year?
~2%
What food type has the chance to improve world nutrition
Poultry
What makes poultry different in terms of solving world nutrition
Low investment cost and produce with minimal input
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy is a ____________ based disease that causes __________ to build up in neural tissue
Prion; Plaque
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy is similar to what human disease?
Cruetzfeldt Jakobs Disease (CJD)
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy is similar to what Cervidae (deer) Disease
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD)
The US accounts for what % of the worlds cattle
7%
The US accounts for what percent of the worlds chickens
9%
The US accounts for what percent of the worlds horses
10%
The US accounts for what percent of the worlds turkeys
35%
Animal production must double by what year, due to increased population
2050
Most countries with a small percentage of the population in agriculture have what two things?
Higher standards of living, Higher per capita consumption of at products
Ethology is the study of what
Animal behavior
Animal health is the study of
Diseases, environmental factors, and parasites
Meat science is the study of
Handling, processing, marketing, and production of meat product
Dairy science is the study of
Milk and milk products
Biotechnology is the study of
Technical applications of biology
Physiology is the study of
The mechanics of life
Genetics is the study of
Hereditary and inherited characteristics
Biometry is the study of
A statistical application of genetics
Nutrition is the study of what
How organisms take in and use food for needs
How many people are influenced by agriculture
Everyone
Horses are a special monogastric animal, what part fo their digestive track is altered for their diet
A larger secum
What are horses referred as when considering gastronomy
“Hind Gut Fermentation”
can tame animals be domesticated or undomesticated
yes
Tame animals are ___________ of human interaction
Tolerant
Our ancestors domesticated animals for what reason
Convenience
What ratio of the worlds agricultural land is permanent pasture
~2/3
What percentage of the worlds permanent pasture agriculture land is unfit for crops intended to beg for human consumption
60%
What are the 3 major draft species
Oxen, Donkeys, and Horses
What types of clothing come from butchered animals
Leathers, skins, furs, feathers
What types of clothing come from live animals
Wool, cashmere, alpaca, silk
Ruminant Agriculture takes space away from human crop production, true or false
false
Human lifespans have increased by how much due to animal science
30 years
Mississippi is the #1 producer of what product
Catfish
All US exports show a deficit in profit, Agriculture products show a positive balance, true or false
true
What country does the US export most of its Ag products to
China
_______________ drive the market
Consumers
The beef industry takes about how many years to adapt to market demands
~2-3 years
The poultry industry takes about how long to adapt to market demands
~3-6 months
What country houses the most amount of dairy cattle
India
What country is the most efficient dairy producer
USA
What 3 countries produce the most dairy products
EU, India, and USA
What 3 countries consume the most dairy products
New Zealand, EU, and Switzerland
Milk is most often transported in fluid form, true or false
false
Which US state produces the most amount of dairy products
New Mexico
Which US state has the most dairy cattle
California
Have farms with less than 100 cows decreased since 1977
yes
What is the average amount of milk produced by dairy farms each day
4100lbs
Why is the number of swine farms so low
Vertical integration
Why is swine production in the us mainly located in the corn belt
Readily available feed
Which US state produces 25% of the US swine industry
Iowa
Goats graze on what two types of plants
Shrubs & some broad leaves
Cattle graze on what two types of plants
Tall grasses & some broad leaves
Sheep graze on what two types of plants
Short grasses & some broad leaves
Many broad leaved plants are what?
Weeds
Which country possesses the highest number of head of sheep
China
Which country consumes the most sheep and goat products
Mongolia
The US exports very little lamb & mutton, True or False
true
What is the current number of head of sheep in the US
5 million
Which countries export large numbers of lamb products to the US
Australia, New Zealand
Which state has the most Ewes
Texas
What percentage of sheep are born in the west
23%
What percentage of sheep born in the north central region are lost before seeing the market
13%
What are the major causes of lost sheep in the US
Coyotes, Weather
Feeder lambs are ready for market in how many days
90-120
Feeder lambs are usually what weight by the time they hit the market
120-130
What was the most recently domesticated animal
Horses
The horse was domesticated before the donkey in ancient Egypt, True or False
false
Donkey and zebras share the same genus name as horses, what is that name?
Equus
The offspring of horses mated with donkeys and zebras can produce their own offspring, True or False
false
What event caused the US horse population to rapidly decline
World War 1
Its estimated that there are how many horses currently in the US
9.2 million
Behavior
Actions performed in response to stimuli
What are the five freedoms of animal welfare
Freedom to/of/from; thirst, discomfort, pain injury and disease, express normal behavior, fear and distress
What is animal rights?
Philosophical view that animals have rights similar or the same as humans
What is animal welfare?
Advocacy for humane treatment of animals
Is peta an animal rights group, or an animal welfare group
Animal rights
Is the following an example of animal rights or animal welfare: animals should not be consumed
Animal rights
Is the following an example of animal rights or animal welfare: animals should have the same rights as humans
Animal rights
Is the following an example of animal rights or animal welfare: animals should get safe and effective treatment to keep them healthy
Animal welfare
Is the following an example of animal rights or animal welfare: animals can be pets
Animal welfare
Is the following an example of animal rights or animal welfare: animals are just as beneficial and important to humans as humans are to animals
Animal welfare
The Animal Liberation Front began in what country in the 70's
Great Britain
Is the AVMA an animal rights group, or an animal welfare group
Animal Welfare
The nervous system is involved with physical and chemical reactions to stimuli, true or false
true
The endocrine system is involved with hormonal reactions to stimuli, true or false
true
What is stimulus?
Anything that elicits a response
__________ nerves receive signals
afferent
___________ nerves send signals
efferent
How quickly does the the nervous system react
Milliseconds
Note
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