World History Final

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35 Terms

1

Primary Source

An original, firsthand document created during a specific time period.

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2

Secondary Source

A document that analyzes a specific event based on a primary source.

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3

Complex Societies

Societies placed near rivers that took advantage of food sources and the ability to grow crops, e.g., Mesopotamia in the Indus Valley.

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4

World’s 3 biggest Religions

Generally includes Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism.

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5

Four Characteristics of a Country

Population, Territory, Government, and Sovereignty.

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6

Sovereignty

The ability to be independent.

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7

Absolute Monarchy

A form of government where a single ruler has complete power.

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8

Constitutional Monarchy

A form of government where power is shared with an elected legislature.

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9

Indian Ocean Trade

A network of maritime routes connecting regions around the Indian Ocean, facilitating trade of goods like silk and gunpowder.

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10

Caliph

A title used for a leader in the Muslim Community, e.g., Abbasid Caliphate.

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11

Ibn Battu

A famous Muslim traveler and scholar who documented the diversity of the Islamic World.

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12

Swahili

Refers to Bantu-speaking people or their language; central to the cultural identity of East Africa.

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13

Great Zimbabwe

An ancient archaeological site in present-day Zimbabwe that prospered due to control of trade routes for gold and ivory.

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14

Mandate of Heaven

An ancient Chinese concept that kings used to assert their right to rule.

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15

Mongol Empire

The largest empire in history founded by Genghis Khan, spanned from East Asia to Eastern Europe.

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16

Chinese Emperors

Held political power and considered themselves the 'son of heaven'.

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17

Japanese Emperors

Played a symbolic role, acting as the head of state during ceremonial duties.

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18

Shinto

The traditional religion of Japan woven through Japanese culture.

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19

Hangul

The native writing system of the Korean language.

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20

Fall Of Rome

A complex collapse due to various long-term events, not a single occurrence.

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21

Vikings

Sailors from Northern Europe who settled in various Western European regions.

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22

Byzantine Empire

Known as the Eastern Roman Empire, established in 330 CE, with Eastern Orthodox Christianity as its main religion.

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23

Great Schism

The division between the Roman Catholic Church (West) and Eastern Orthodox Church (East) that occurred in 1054 CE.

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24

The Crusades

A series of religious wars initiated by the Catholic Church to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslims.

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25

Cahokia

The largest urban settlement of Native Americans located in present-day Illinois.

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26

Teotihuacan

Referred to as the City of the Gods, it was one of the most influential cities in Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.

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27

Mayan

A prominent Mesoamerican culture known for its calendar systems and unique writing.

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28

Polynesian Migrations

The movement of people across the Pacific Ocean, primarily in boats.

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29

Rapa Nui

Also known as Easter Island, famous for its moai statues.

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30

Mughal Empire

A prominent empire in the Indian Subcontinent known for religious tolerance and art such as the Taj Mahal.

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31

Safavid Empire

A significant empire in Persian history, recognized for its Shiah Islam and the Shah Mosque.

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32

Ming Dynasty

One of China’s most prosperous dynasties, known for its voyages led by Zheng He.

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33

Renaissance

A transformative period in European history characterized by advancements in art and culture.

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34

Aztec

A powerful Mesoamerican civilization known for its architecture and capital city Tenochtitlan, eventually defeated by Hernán Cortés.

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35

Inca

The largest empire in pre-Columbian America, located near the Andes Mountains and known for polytheism.

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