EMR Midterm

As an Emergency Medical Responder (EMR), you should be able to:

Provide basic emergency care

3 multiple choice options

As an emergency medical responder (EMR), you are expected to provide care based on a specific criteria. This is known as -

Standard of care

3 multiple choice options

Good Samaritan Laws generally protect people from legal liability when providing care in an emergency, if they do which of the following?

Act in good faith within the scope of their training.

3 multiple choice options

When communicating with medical control, which of the following should you do first?

identify yourself

3 multiple choice options

The range of duties and skills allowed and expected to be performed describes

Scope of practice

You are providing emergency care to a patient based on standing orders. You recognize this as which type of medical control?

indirect

You determine that a 75-year-old male patient is competent when he demonstrates which of the following?

The ability to understand questions and the implications of his decisions.

3 multiple choice options

You are called to the home of an elderly gentleman who has been diagnosed with a terminal illness. His family states he has an advanced directive. Your assessment reveals that the patient is not breathing. Which action would be most appropriate?

Ask the family to see the written directive.

3 multiple choice options

You and several fellow EMRs had responded to a multiple casualty incident several days ago. You suspect one of your colleagues may be experiencing critical incident stress when he exhibits which of the following?

Unusually excessive silence

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following would be appropriate to do while caring for an emancipated minor if the patient tells you she is fine and does not want further care?

Honor her refusal, following local policies for such situations.

3 multiple choice options

Upon arriving at the scene of an emergency, what is your first responsibility as an emergency medical responder?

Making sure the scene is safe.

You obtain consent from a patient before touching him to prevent...

battery

Disinfecting work surfaces soiled with bodily fluids is an example of an ______________________________________, while providing a biohazard and sharps containers for use is an example of _________________________________________ . All employers whose employees have the potential to be exposed to bloodborne pathogens must have a(n) _____________________________________ in place, which must prove how the employer will handle any potential problems.

work practice control, engineering control, exposure control plan

mode of disease transmission for needle stick

direct contact

mode of disease transmission for lyme disease

vector-borne

mode of disease transmission for Hepatitis C on old towel

indirect contact

mode of disease transmission for athlete that shares razor w/ teammate that has MRSA

indirect contact

mode of disease transmission for sneezing or coughing

airborne

Which of the following is considered to be a work practice control?

Disinfecting work surfaces possibly soiled with bodily or bloody fluids

3 multiple choice options

While providing care to a patient, some of the patient's body fluids inadvertently splash into your eyes. Which of the following should you do first?

Flush your eyes with clean water, saline or sterile irrigant for 20 minutes

3 multiple choice options

You are providing care to a patient at the scene of a motor vehicle collision. The patient has a cut on his arm that is bleeding. You observe the bleeding is a steady stream oozing from the wound. Which personal protective equipment (PPE) is the most important to use?

disposable gloves

review

a brief recap of emergency and interventions used

analyze

a review and evaluation of objective data obtained during the event

reflect

a look at the actions the team took, and reasons why while discussing pros and cons of actions and indentifies changes that could of been made to improve care

summarize

a recap with main takeaway points and a development of a list of action items

ou perform a rapid assessment and determine that your patient is experiencing cardiac arrest. On the basis of your assessment findings, you begin CPR to improve the patient's chances of survival. Which term refers to clearly and rationally identifying the connection between information and actions?

critical thinking

While orienting a new medical assistant to the facility, you find a patient who is unresponsive in the exam room. You yell to the medical assistant, "Go get the AED!" Which response by the medical assistant demonstrates closed-loop communication?

"I'll go get the AED."

3 multiple choice options

During resuscitation, the team leader assigns team roles and tasks to each member. You recognize that a task has been overlooked. Which is the most appropriate action?

Alert the team leader immediately and identify for them what task has been overlooked.

3 multiple choice options

The code team has arrived to take over resuscitative efforts. Among the members of the BLS team, whose role is it to communicate to the code team the patient's status and the care already provided?

team leader

Upon arriving at the scene of an emergency, which of the following is your first responsibility as an emergency medical responder?

Making sure the scene is safe.

What best reflects the purpose of an ongoing assessment?

Identifies changes to the patient's condition

Which of the following is a chief complaint?

"I was having severe pain in my chest."

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is an example of a Mechanism of Injury (MOI)?

explosion

3 multiple choice options

You approach the scene of an emergency and notice a strange odor and a large cloud of gas in the area of the emergency. You would suspect...

Hazardous materials

You are obtaining a SAMPLE history from a patient experiencing abdominal pain. Which statement correlates to the "L" in SAMPLE history?

"I drank a glass of juice about 3 hours ago."

3 multiple choice options

You are providing care to a patient and your assessment reveals that the patient is unstable. As a general rule, you should continue to reassess how frequently?

every 5 minutes

Your initial assessment reveals the patient is able to acknowledge your presence and answer your questions. Using the AVPU pneumonic, you should describe the level of consciousness as which of the following?

A

3 multiple choice options

Which method is most appropriate to use when checking an infant for responsiveness?

Flicking the underside of the foot.

3 multiple choice options

You are checking the temperature of a patient and find it to be below normal. Which prefix would you use to describe this finding?

Hypo-

Which of the following occurs during expiration?

relaxation of the diaphragm

A patient is not breathing and does not have a pulse. This may reflect a problem with which part of the nervous system?

brainstem

A patient has sustained a musculoskeletal injury involving the structure that attaches muscle to bone. You would identify this structure as?

tendon

A patient's diastolic blood pressure reflects:

The force exerted against the arteries when the heart is between contractions.

Any body part that is toward the midline of the body is called -

medial

The plane that divides the body horizontally into superior and inferior planes is called the:

axial

The term hazardous materials refers to which of the following?

Any chemical substance or material that can pose a threat to the health, safety or property of an individual.

3 multiple choice options

When placing a blood pressure cuff on a patient's arm, ensure the bladder is centered over which artery?

brachial

Which of the following is least likely considered a vital organ?

kidney

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following structures separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

diaphragm

3 multiple choice options

You are providing care to a patient with a history of problems related to their blood glucose levels. Which of the following systems should you expect to be involved?

endocrine

3 multiple choice options

You arrive at the scene of an emergency and are sizing up the scene. Which of the following would you identify as being the least hazardous?

Damaged vehicle on the side of the road.

3 multiple choice options

The Pre-hospital Care Report (PCR) is:

Used to keep medical personnel informed so they can provide appropriate continuity of care.

3 multiple choice options

TRUE or FALSE: As a healthcare provider, you should use a series of blood pressure readings rather than one singular measurement should be used to determine your treatment, diagnosis, and care of a patient.

true

1 multiple choice option

You arrive at the scene of an emergency and notice the patient lying on the ground, moaning in pain. When you begin to take your history, the patient only opens his eyes when you tell him to. He answers your questions, but his answers show you he is not fully aware of what happened. He can follow instructions to squeeze your hand and wiggle his toes. When EMS arrives on the scene, you should report his Glasgow Coma Scale score is:

13

3 multiple choice options

What is defined as the passage of blood, a blood substitute or fluid through the blood vessels or other channels of an organ or tissue?

perfusion

Which of the following findings would determine a patient is hypoxic?

92% SpO2

3 multiple choice options

While performing a head-to-toe exam on a patient, they grimace when you palpate their rib cage. Which of the following correlates to the "P" in OPQRST?

"It hurts when I take a deep breath."

3 multiple choice options

After giving ventilations with a resuscitation mask, the victim suddenly vomits. Which of the following should you do first?

Turn the victim as a unit onto his or her side.

3 multiple choice options

The pressure gauge on an oxygen cylinder reads 200 pounds per sq. inch (psi). Which action is most appropriate?

Replace the cylinder with a new one.

3 multiple choice options

When administering emergency oxygen to a victim, which of the following is most important to do?

Ensure oxygen is flowing through the device before putting it on the victim.

3 multiple choice options

When should you not consider the use of an oropharyngeal airway (OPA)?

Alert level of consciousness (LOC)

3 multiple choice options

When suctioning the mouth of a patient, which of the following is the most appropriate action?

Apply suction while withdrawing the tip in a sweeping motion.

3 multiple choice options

Which method is most appropriate to determine that ventilations given with a bag-valve-mask (BVM) are effective?

Observing the victim's chest clearly rising

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is most important to keep in mind when performing a finger sweep?

Ensuring the patient is unconscious.

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following should you do first when inserting an oral airway?

Ensure the patient is unconscious.

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following should you interpret as indicating the patient's airway is open?

You hear air coming out of the mouth and nose.

3 multiple choice options

Which statement most accurately reflects a variable flow oxygen system?

The flow rate can be adjusted for use with different delivery devices.

3 multiple choice options

You and another rescuer find an unconscious adult on the floor. The other rescuer goes to summon more advanced personnel. You complete a primary assessment and find the victim has a pulse but is not breathing. Which of the following should you do next?

Give 1 ventilation every 5-6 seconds.

3 multiple choice options

You are attempting to dislodge a foreign body from a conscious patient who is choking. The patient becomes unconscious. Which of the following should you do next?

Gently lower the patient to the ground.

3 multiple choice options

You are preparing to administer emergency oxygen to a patient. Your assessment reveals the patient has a nasal injury. Which delivery device is the least appropriate to use for this patient?

Nasal Cannula.

3 multiple choice options

You determine that a patient needs emergency oxygen because he is exhibiting signs and symptoms of hypoxia. Which of the following is most likely present?

increased heart rate

3 multiple choice options

You should administer emergency oxygen to an adult patient with which of the following respiratory rates?

24 breaths per minute

3 multiple choice options

Isolated or infrequent gasping for air is defined as _____________________________, and occurs in the __________________________ (absence or presence) of normal breathing in an unconscious patient.

agonal breaths, absence

Which statement about bag-valve-mask (BVM) resuscitators is true?

A 2-person technique is the preferred method as is provides a better seal and ventilation volume.

3 multiple choice options

When providing ventilation to an unconscious patient, the oxygen concentration you exhale into the victim contains approximately what percentage of oxygen?

16

A patient is receiving emergency supplemental oxygen that is attached to the BVM. The minimum appropriate flow rate is:

15 LPM

During your initial examination, you determine a patient may be experiencing the first signs of a heart attack and is having respiratory distress. You decide to give them supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula. Which flow rate is most appropriate for this patient?

4 LPM

3 multiple choice options

Which delivery device delivers the highest oxygen concentration to a patient?

BVM

3 multiple choice options

What is the correct ventilation rate for a child or infant in respiratory arrest or failure?

1 ventilation every 2 - 3 seconds

A nurse assesses a conscious adult patient and determines she is choking. What intervention should the nurse implement?

Cycles of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts

You are alone and caring for a 9-month-old infant who is choking and becomes unconscious. Which action should you perform first? (think Mike/Heather answer, not Red Cross).

Check breathing and pulse

3 multiple choice options

For which of the following would you choose to perform chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts for an adult with an obstructed airway?

The patient is in a wheelchair.

3 multiple choice options

T or F: Bruising/discoloration behind the ears is called Battle's Sign

true

1 multiple choice option

T or F: While caring for a CONSCIOUS choking infant, you should perform a finger sweep in between back blows and chest thrusts.

false

1 multiple choice option

While performing Unconscious Choking for an Infant, you should check pulse and breathing after:

When your breaths go in

3 multiple choice options

OPAs can be used on both unconscious AND conscious patients.

false

1 multiple choice option

All oxygen tanks should be yellow in color

false

1 multiple choice option

The minimum appropriate flow rate for a BVM is 10 LPM

false

1 multiple choice option

The pressure gauge on the oxygen cylinder reads 100 psi. Which action is most appropriate?

Replace the cylinder with a new one.

3 multiple choice options

You can use an NPA on a patient with an orbital (eye socket) fracture.

false

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following is NOT included in your Initial/Primary Assessment?

SAMPLE history

3 multiple choice options

Once breathing stops, how long until certain and potentially irreversible brain damage occurs?

10 minutes

T or F: For an UNCONSCIOUS choking adult, you should wait 5 seconds in between two breaths.

false

1 multiple choice option

When doing rescue breathing, how often do you re-assess pulse and breathing?

2 minutes

An automated external defibrillator (AED) indicates "No Shock Advised." Which of the following is most appropriate to do next?

Perform CPR for about 2 minutes.

3 multiple choice options

During 2 rescuer CPR, the person giving ventilations should -

Check for the effectiveness of the compressions by checking the carotid pulse.

3 multiple choice options

If there is a risk of the automated external defibrillator (AED) pads touching each other, such as with a small child or infant, you should:

Place one pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back.

3 multiple choice options

When using an Automated External Defibrillator (AED), which of the following should you do immediately after attaching the AED pads to the victim's chest?

Tell everyone to "Stand Clear"

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is the most common heart rhythm associated with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA)?

Ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib)

3 multiple choice options

You and another rescuer are performing CPR on an adult. You perform the initial assessment, determine there is no breathing or pulse, and state, "Victim has no pulse; begin CPR."

Which of the following should the second rescuer do next?

Begin chest compressions.

3 multiple choice options