ATI Pharmacology Proctor 2023 final exam

What is/are the action(s) of the drug metformin?

a. Decreases Hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption

b. Increases sensitivity to insulin

c. Short term sedation

d. Both A and

d. Both A and B

a. Decreases Hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption

b. Increases sensitivity to insulin

When administering the drug senna to a patient, a health care provider must

inform the patient of which of the following

A. This drug is intended to lower blood pressure and is best used in

combination

with other antihypertensives

b. This drug is not intended for long term use

c. The patient must limit his/her fiber intake

d. Advise patient to change positions slowly to limit the risk of

orthostatic hypotension -

b. This drug is not intended for long term use

When giving digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient, the health care provider notices

various signs and symptoms of an overdose. The health care provider knows to

give which of the following to reverse digoxin toxicity

a. Naloxone

b. Vitamin K

c. Digibind

d. Fluemanzil -

c. Digibind

While providing an Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, the patient

asks

4. what the action of the drug is. As a health care provider, you explain that the

action of an ACE inhibitor is

a. To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I

to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II

b. To inhibit reabsorption of sodium back into the body, ultimately increasing

urine output and lowering blood pressure

c. To decrease heart rate and blood pressure by competing with Beta1 and

Beta2 receptors in the heart and lungs

d. To lower blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin -

a. To lower blood

pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor

angiotensin II

Which of the following types of insulin is "long-acting"?

a. Lispro (Humalog)

b. NPH (Humulin N)

c. Regular insulin (Humulin R)

d. Glargine (Lantus) -

d. Glargine (Lantus)

What is the therapeutic use of metformin?

A. Lower blood pressure.

B. To diminish seizure activity.

C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose.

D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions. -

C. The

maintenance of a person's blood glucose.

What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug?

A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the

body.

B. Describes the absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion of drugs.

C. These types of drugs can be taken over the counter.

D. This addresses how various drugs affect different forms of the body

- A.

Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the

body

What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? Select all that apply.

A. Suicidal thoughts

B. Monitor for seizures.

C. Bipolar disorder.

D. Migraines.

E. Anorexia -

A. Suicidal thoughts

B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder.

E. Migraine

What is true about food and drug precautions? Select all that apply.

A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration

of certain types of drugs.

B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse

reactions. C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of

food or concurring drugs rather than restricting the drug itself.

C. When one drug changes the way, another drug affects that drug. -

A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent

administration of certain types of drugs.

B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions.

C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather

than restricting the drug itself.

ACE Inhibitors are used in the treatment of all EXCEPT:

a. Hypertension

b. Heart Failure

c. Hypotension

d. Diabetic nephropathy -

c. Hypotension

Which of the following is used to treat migraine headaches?

a. Beta-blockers

b. Cholinesterase Inhibitors

c. ACE inhibitors

d. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) -

a. Beta-blockers

When administering a Serotonin Antagonist it is important to monitor for

a. Intake and output

b. Mental status changes

c. Respiratory rate

d. Anorexia -

b. Mental status changes

Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin?

a. Protamine sulfate

b. Vitamin K

c. Naloxone

d. Toradol -

a. Protamine sulfate

A patient has been taking hydrocodone, and opioid analgesic for their moderate

pain, and they have taken over their prescribed dose. What should you give as

the antidote if they experience toxicity?

A. Naloxone

B. N-acetylcysteine

C. Atropine

D. Digoxin immune Fab -

A. Naloxone

A patient is being educated on taking levothyroxine, a drug used to balance

thyroid activity. What should you include in their education?

A. Don't bother your health care professionals if you experience side

effects

B. Take this at the same time every day

C. Thyroid tests are unnecessary while taking this drug

D. It is okay to take this drug if you have recently had a myocardial

infarction -

B. Take this at the same time every day

A patient states he experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a

week. What might be helpful for this patient?

A. Phenytoin (Dilantin)

B. Lithium

C. Alprazolam (Xanax)

D. Spironolactone -

C. Alprazolam (Xanax)

Which of the following is NOT an opioid or NSAID?

A. Morphine

B. Ibuprofen

C. Hydromorphone

D. Acetaminophen -

D. Acetaminophen

Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors?

A. To assess for renal impairment

B. You must make sure the patient is receiving adequate fluid intake

C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure

D. You must assess for NSAID use

To assess for decreased blood pressure -

C. To assess the

patient for potential heart failure

Which drug goes through extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism?

A. Heparin

B. Insulin

C. Propranolol

D. Nitroglycerine

Warfarin

- C. Propranolol

What nursing interventions should you do when a patient is on Albuterol (select

all that apply)

A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before

administering

B. Monitor for changes in behavior C. Observe for paradoxical

bronchospasms

C. Assess for abdominal distention E. Note sputum color and texture

- A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before

administering

D. Observe for paradoxical bronchospasms

Note sputum color and texture

C. Assess for abdominal distention E. Note sputum color and texture

- A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before

administering

What patient could potentially take the drug Senna?

A. A patient with an eating disorder B. A patient who has not passed

stool in 5 days

B. A patient with anal fissures

C. A patient with a history of hemorrhoids

D. A patient who has hypersensitivity -

B. A patient who has not

passed stool in 5 days

What is the category class of Lithium?

A. Antidiabetics, biguanides

B. Mood stabilizers

C. Antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants

D. Vascular headache suppressants -

B. Mood stabilizers

What do you need to teach your patient if they are taking sennosides? Select All

That Apply.

A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy

B. The medication does not cure hypothyroidism

C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown

D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used

-A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy

The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown

Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used

What is the therapeutic use of Phenytoin?

A. Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal

balance

B. Diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen with

lessened gastroesophageal reflux

C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias

D. Prevention of thrombus formation, prevention of extension of

existing thrombi

- C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of

ventricular arrhythmias

At what amount does Acetaminophen stop controlling pain?

A. Over 1,000 mg

B. 750 mg

C. Over 1,500 mg

D. 150 mg - A. Over 1,000 m

A. Over 1,000 m

When should the drug Montelukast be taken

A. Use at least two hours before exercise

B. Daily in evening

C. Use two hours before exercise or daily in evening

D. None of the above - C. Use two hours before exercise or daily in

evening

C. Use two hours before exercise or daily in

evening

How should the oral form of albuterol be taken

A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation

B. Administer before meals with water

C. Administer after meals with water

D. Administer in the morning

with milk - A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation

A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation

What should a Client taking Omeprazole report to the Heath Care Provider

A. Black, tarry stools

B. Diarrhea

C. Abdominal pain

D. All of the above -

D. All of the above

When administering an Antiulcer Agents, you should be more cautious when

administering it to

A. A healthy 27 year old patient

B. Patient with renal failure

C. Elderly patients

D. All of the above

E. Choices B & C - E. Choices B & C

E. Choices B & C

B. Patient with renal failure

C. Elderly patients

What is the common side effect that is normal with the initial therapy of

Nitroglycerine due to increased vasodilation?

a. Abdominal cramps

b. Calf pain

c. Headache

d. Blurred vision -

c. Headache

Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are

those two tests? Select ALL that apply.

a. PT

b. aPTT

c. INR

d. BMP - a. PT

c. INR

Which of the following diuretics inhibits sodium reabsorption in the kidneys while

saving K+ and Hydrogen ions?

a. Spironolactone

b. Furosemide

c. Hydrochlorothiazide

d. Bumetanide

- a. Spironolactone

A nurse is about to administer Propanolol to a patient. The nurse takes the

patient's apical pulse and documents it as 58 bmp. How should the nurse

continue?

a. Administer the medication as normal

b. Cut the tablet in half and administer half of the normal dose c. Give the XR

form of the medication

c. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician -

d. d. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician

d. d. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician

Which of the following should be monitored for patients taking diuretics? (select

all that apply)

a. Daily weight

b. Intake and output

c. Amount and location of edema

d. Appetite Lung sounds - a. Daily weight

b. Intake and output

c. Amount and location of edema Lung sounds

Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that increases cardiac

output and slows heart rate? .

a. Heparin

b. Alprazolam

c. Digoxin

d. Levothyroxine

- c. Digoxin

Which of the following is a potassium-sparing diuretic?

a. Furosemide

b. Spironolactone

c. Hydrochlorothiazide

d. Bumetanide -

b. Spironolactone

What is the antidote for Warfarin?

a. Vitamin D

b. Vitamin C

c. Vitamin K

d. Vitamin B6 -

c. Vitamin K

A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription

for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse

identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?

A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the

patch."

B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly."

C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."

D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.

- C. "I will

apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."

A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for a long-term use of oral

prednisone for chronic asthma. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for

which of the following adverse effects?

A. Weight Gain

B. Nervousness

C. Bradycardia

D. Constipation -

A. Weight Gain

A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking Digoxin. The nurse should instruct

the patient to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects? ( select

all the apply)

A. Fatigue

B. Constipation

C. Anorexia

D. RashDiplopia

-

A. Fatigue

C. Anorexia

E. Diplopia

What is the antidote for Heparin?

A. Atropine

b. Protamine sulfate

C. Calcium Carbonate

D. Ferrous Sulfate

- b. Protamine sulfate

Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for:

A. headaches

B. cold remedy

C. neuropathic pain

D. antianxiety -

C. neuropathic pain

Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for:

A. headaches

B. cold remedy

C. neuropathic pain

D. antianxiety -

C. neuropathic pain

When taking Digoxin, low levels of what can cause toxicity?

A. potassium

B. calcium

C. sodium

D. magnesium -

A. potassium

When taking Nitroglycerine (transdermal), you should have how many hours

nitrate free each day?

A. 1-2 hours

B. 5-10 hours

C. 3-4 hours

D. 10-12 hours - D. 10-12 hours

D. 10-12 hours

Lithium is used to?

A. Lower blood glucose

B. slow the heart rate

C. stabilize mood

D. heal ulcers -

C. stabilize mood

Lithium is used to?

A. Lower blood glucose

B. slow the heart rate

C. stabilize mood

D. heal ulcers -

C. stabilize mood

When administering Phenytoin you should monitor?

A. behavior

B. therapeutic blood levels

C. for Steven Johnson syndrome

D. all of the above - D. all of the above

D. all of the above

What is the Therapeutic Effects of Lithium?

A.) Prevents/decreases incidence of acute manic episodes

B.) Maintenance of blood glucose C.) Control of hyperglycemia

in diabetic patients

C.) Diminished seizure activity -

A.) Prevents/decreases the

incidence of acute manic episodes

What is the action of Metformin?

A.)Decrease intestinal glucose absorption

B.) Increase sensitivity to insulin

C.) Decrease hepatic glucose production

D.) All of the above -

D.) All of the above

What is the medication effectiveness of Propranolol? Select all that apply.

A.) Decrease in BP

B.) Prevention of MI

C.) Decrease tremors

D.) Decrease in GI pain and irritation

- A.) Decrease in BP

B.) Prevention of MI

C.) Decrease tremors

What is a common side effect of Albuterol?

A.)Paradoxical Bronchospasm

B.)Diarrhea

C.) Seizures

D.) Vision loss -

A.)Paradoxical Bronchospasm

What is the therapeutic use of Albuterol? •

A) Bronchodilation •

B) Anti-coagulant •

C) Anti-arrhythmic •

D) Proton-pump inhibitor -

A) Bronchodilation •

What medication is a contraindication to Nitroglycerin •

A) Hydrochloroquinone

B) Methylprednisolone

C) Phenazopyridine

D) Erectile dysfunction drugs -

D ) Erectile dysfunction drugs

What is the classification of Ondansetron?

a. Antihypertensive

b. Antiarrthymia

c. Antiemetic

d. Antiulcer agent

c. Antiemetic

Before administering Digoxin, the nurse should complete which task?

A. Obtain an ECG

B. Count apical Pulse for 1 minute

C. Take temperature

D. Obtain I/O -

B. Count apical Pulse for 1 minute

What serious adverse reaction can occur with the loop diuretic Furosemide?

A. Stevens-Johnsons syndrome

B. GI bleeding

C. Hypertension

D. Bradycardia -

A. Stevens-Johnsons syndrome

If a patient is taking an ACE inhibitor, the nurse should monitor for signs of

angioedema which include?

A. Vomiting

B. Dyspnea

C. Constipation

D. Epistaxis -

B. Dyspnea

Ace Inhibitors often end in?

A) -ale

B) -olol

C) -pril

D) -ide -

C) -pril

What is a side effect for Phenytoin?

a) Suicidal thoughts

b) Dry mouth

c) Blood in urine

d) Tremor -

a) Suicidal thoughts

A patient with_____ should stop taking NSAIDs

A. Peptic Ulcers

B. Headaches

C. Cramps

D. Nausea -

A. Peptic Ulcers

When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of

a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours

b. 10-12 mg every 4 hours

c. 1-2mg every 8 hours

d. 25 mg every 6 hours -

a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours

When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of

a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours

b. 10-12 mg every 4 hours

c. 1-2mg every 8 hours

d. 25 mg every 6 hours -

a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours

If you are treating a patient that has renal failure, what type of pain medications

should you avoid?

a. Opioids

b. NSAIDs

c. Nonopioids

d. Short-acting analgesics -

b. NSAIDs

A common side effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors is

a. Suicidal thoughts

b. Toxic epidermal necrosis

c. Heart failure

d. cough - d. cough

d. cough

How can Ondansetron be administered? Select all that apply.

A. PO

B. IV

C. Subcutaneous

D. IM - A. PO

B. IV

D. IM

Albuterol can be given in all but which of these forms:

a. extended-release

b. inhalation

c. intravenously

d. orally

- c. intravenously

A side effect given off by omeprazole is:

a. bloody stools

b. change in stomach pH

c. thirst

d. constipation

a. bloody stool

The classification of digoxin is:

a. antithrombic

b. nitrates

c. antiplatelet agent

d. cardiac glycosides -

d. cardiac glycosides

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