[INORG] Part 4.4 - Compounds - Bicarbonates, Silicates, Cyanides/Nitriles, Others

a. Sodium bicarbonate - NaHCO3

Also knowns as baking soda which is a carbonating agent for effervescent preparations.

a. Sodium bicarbonate

b. Potassium bicarbonate

c. Ammonium bicarbonate

d. Calcium bicarbonate

a. Enhancing palatability

Carbonating agent is used to produce CO2 which is for:

a. Enhancing palatability

b. Enhancing stability

c. Enhancing solubility

d. Enhancing dispersibility

e. All

ACT

Ascorbic acid

Citric acid

Tartaric acid

Organic acid component for carbonation.

a. Tartaric acid

b. Citric acid

c. Ascorbic acid

d. a and b

e. All

b. Solvay process

Haber - ammonia

Lane and Messerschmidt - hydrogen

Frasch - sulfur

NaHCO3 is prepared through what process?

a. Haber process

b. Solvay process

c. Lane & Messerschmidt Process

d. Frasch process

d. a and b

Sodium bicarbonate:

a) Systemic alkalizer thus could cause systemic alkalosis

b) Systemic antacid thus could cause rebound hyperacidity

*c) Enhance elimination of ACIDIC drugs (“like dissolves like” = basic + basic = absorption)

True about sodium bicarbonate:

a. Systemic alkalizer thus could cause systemic alkalosis

b. Systemic antacid thus could cause rebound hyperacidity

c. Enhance elimination of basic drugs

d. a and b

e. All

b. Potassium bicarbonate

Carbonating agent for Mg citrate oral solution (USP).

a. Sodium bicarbonate

b. Potassium bicarbonate

c. Ammonium bicarbonate

d. Calcium bicarbonate

e. All

Potassium bicarbonate uses:

a. Systemic antacid

b. Diuretic

c. Electrolyte replenisher

d. a and b

e. All

c. Ammonium bicarbonate

Sal volatile.

a. Sodium bicarbonate

b. Potassium bicarbonate

c. Ammonium bicarbonate

d. Calcium bicarbonate

a. Adsorbent - It is used for diarrhea.

Primary used of silicates.

a. Adsorbent

b. For constipation

c. Antifoaming

d. Antacid

a. Magnesium trisilicate

Antacid which creates protective coating on stomach that has gelatinous consistency producing prolonged antacid effect.

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

Also known as Talc, French chalk, and Soap stone.

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

Softest mineral.

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

e. None

Uses of hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate except:

a. Adsorbent

b. Dusting powder

c. Filtering agent

d. Clarifying agent

e. None

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

Also known as Bentonite.

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

Also known as Wilhinite.

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

Soap clay or mineral soap.

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

A suspending agent which is the most abundant of all clays.

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

d. Bentonite magma

5% suspension in water

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

Also known as Bolus alba which is used as adsorbent for diarrhea and demulcent.

a. Magnesium trisilicate

b. Hydrated magnesium (tri)silicate

c. Native colloidal hydrated magnesium silicate

d. Bentonite magma

e. Native hydrated aluminum silicate

f. None

Native hydrated aluminum silicate is also known as the following except:

a. Kaolin

b. Kaolinite

c. China clay

d. Porcelain clay

e. Bolus alba

f. None

a. Pumice

Dental abrasive of volcanic origin.

a. Pumice

b. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

d. Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

e. Simethicone

f. Dimethicone

All

Pumice contain silicates of:

a. Al

b. Na

c. K

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

b. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

Also known as Attapulgite or Palygorskite.

a. Pumice

b. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

d. Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

e. Simethicone

f. Dimethicone

d. Feldspar - This is potassium aluminum silicate

Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate is also known as the following except:

a. Polymagma

b. Diatabs

c. Quintess

d. Feldspar

e. None

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

Also known as Feldspar which is the most common rock .

a. Pumice

b. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

d. Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

e. Simethicone

f. Dimethicone

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

Most common rock.

a. Pumice

b. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

d. Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

e. Simethicone

f. Dimethicone

d. Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

Natural calamine, and topical protectant.

a. Pumice

b. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

d. Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

e. Simethicone

f. Dimethicone

e. Simethicone

Polymer of dimethyl siloxane which is an anti-flatulence and antifoaming agent.

a. Pumice

b. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

d. Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

e. Simethicone

f. Dimethicone

f. Dimethicone

Protective and emollient (moisturizer) which is a component of Simeco.

a. Pumice

b. Hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate

c. Potassium aluminum silicate

d. Hydrated zinc silicate/carbonate

e. Simethicone

f. Dimethicone

f. All

Simeco:

a. Hydrotalcite

b. Magnesium hydroxide

c. Dimethicone

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

a. Hypotensive agent

Cyanides and nitriles are primarily used as:

a. Hypotensive agent

b. Anti-diabetic agent

c. Antifoaming agent

d. Anti-platelet

a. Sodium nitroprusside

Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] • H2O

a. Sodium nitroprusside

b. Sodium thiocyanate

c. Ferric ferrocyanide

d. Ferrous ferricyanide

b. Sodium thiocyanate

Contact lens cleanser and antioxidant synergist in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.

a. Sodium nitroprusside

b. Sodium thiocyanate

c. Ferric ferrocyanide

d. Ferrous ferricyanide

a. Rhodanase

Sodium thiocyanate (Na2S2O3) or potassium thiocyanate (K2S2O3) with cyanide (CN) will be converted to thiocyanate (SCN-) through the help of enzyme:

a. Rhodanase

b. Alteplase

c. Zymase

d. Helicase

c. Ferriferrocyanide - Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3

Prussian blue.

a. Sodium nitroprusside

b. Sodium thiocyanate

c. Ferriferrocyanide

d. Ferroferricyanide

d. Ferroferricyanide - Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2

Turnbull's blue.

a. Sodium nitroprusside

b. Sodium thiocyanate

c. Ferriferrocyanide

d. Ferroferricyanide

d. Ferrous ferricyanide

Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2

a. Sodium nitroprusside

b. Sodium thiocyanate

c. Ferric ferrocyanide

d. Ferrous ferricyanide

c. Ferric ferrocyanide

Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3

a. Sodium nitroprusside

b. Sodium thiocyanate

c. Ferric ferrocyanide

d. Ferrous ferricyanide

e. C6H7O6

Ascorbate.

a. C6H11O7

b. C4H4O6

c. C6H5O7

d. C6H7O2

e. C6H7O6

d. C6H7O2

Sorbate.

a. C6H11O7

b. C4H4O6

c. C6H5O7

d. C6H7O2

e. C6H7O6

c. C6H5O7

Citrate.

a. C6H11O7

b. C4H4O6

c. C6H5O7

d. C6H7O2

e. C6H7O6

a. C6H11O7

Gluconate.

a. C6H11O7

b. C4H4O6

c. C6H5O7

d. C6H7O2

e. C6H7O6

b. C4H4O6

Tartrate.

a. C6H11O7

b. C4H4O6

c. C6H5O7

d. C6H7O2

e. C6H7O6

c. Both

Gluconate salts have less GI irritation as:

a. Electrolyte replenishers, compared to their chloride counterpart

b. Hematinic, compared to their sulfate counterpart

c. Both

d. None

a. Sodium gluconate

Water soluble thus acceptor of H+ ions produced by metabolic processes and act as indirect source of bicarbonate ions.

a. Sodium gluconate

b. Potassium gluconate

c. Calcium gluconate

d. Ferrous gluconate

e. Ferrous fumarate

a. Gluconate salt - Calcium gluconate

• gluconates are better electrolyte replenishers compared to the chloride counterpart

Most commonly used Ca replenisher.

a. Gluconate salt

b. Tartrate salt

c. Sorbate salt

d. Citrate salt

e. Ferrous fumarate

Most stable compared to FeSO4.

a. Sodium gluconate

b. Potassium gluconate

c. Calcium gluconate

d. Ferrous gluconate

e. Ferrous fumarate

d. Ferrous gluconate

Fergon®.

a. Sodium gluconate

b. Potassium gluconate

c. Calcium gluconate

d. Ferrous gluconate

e. Ferrous fumarate

e. Ferrous fumarate

Toleron®.

a. Sodium gluconate

b. Potassium gluconate

c. Calcium gluconate

d. Ferrous gluconate

e. Ferrous fumarate

b. Tartrate salts

Can be used as saline laxative/cathartic, and diuretic (Na, K).

a. Gluconate salts

b. Tartrate salts

c. Citrate salts

d. Sorbate salts

a. Sodium tartrate

Primary standard for Karl Fischer reagent.

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

a. Sodium tartrate

Not convertible to bicarbonate ions.

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

Also known as cream of tartar, creamor, or argol.

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

Only insoluble potassium salt.

a. Potassium gluconate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Potassium citrate

d. Potassium sorbate

b. Potassium bitartrate

Present in acidulous fruits e.g., grapes and is an ingredient in baking powder for raising dough.

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate - NaKC4H4O6 + H2O

Rochelle's salt or Sal signette.

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

Food acidity regulator.

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

Fehling’s A: CuSO4

Fehling’s B: sodium potassium tartrate

Sequestrant in Fehling's solution to prevent Cu(OH)2 precipitation.

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate - C8H4K2O12Sb2 • 3H2O

Also known as Tartar emetic, or brown mixture.

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

Emetic, expectorant, and also used for the treatment of Schistosomiasis (S. japonicum/ liver fluke: snails humans).

a. Sodium tartrate

b. Potassium bitartrate

c. Sodium potassium tartrate

d. Antimony potassium tartrate

c. Citrate salts

Excessive oral administration lead to laxative effects.

a. Gluconate salts

b. Tartrate salts

c. Citrate salts

d. Sorbate salts

a. Sodium citrate

In-vitro anticoagulant of choice as it forms complex with Ca2+ necessary for blood clotting.

a. Sodium citrate

b. Potassium citrate

c. Magnesium citrate

d. (Colloidal) bismuth (sub)citrate

e. Cuprous citrate

a. Sodium citrate

Sequestrant in Benedict's reagent.

a. Sodium citrate

b. Potassium citrate

c. Magnesium citrate

d. (Colloidal) bismuth (sub)citrate

e. Cuprous citrate

a. Sodium citrate

In-vivo procoagulant, systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant.

a. Sodium citrate

b. Potassium citrate

c. Magnesium citrate

d. (Colloidal) bismuth (sub)citrate

e. Cuprous citrate

a. Anti-coagulant - Sodium citrate is in-vivo PROCOAGULANT.

Sodium citrate is in-vivo as the following except:

a. Anti-coagulant

b. Systemic and urinary alkalizer

c. Diuretic

d. Expectorant

e. None

b. Potassium citrate

Systemic alkalizer, expectorant, osmotic diuretic, diaphoretic.

a. Sodium citrate

b. Potassium citrate

c. Magnesium citrate

d. (Colloidal) bismuth (sub)citrate

e. Cuprous citrate

c. Magnesium citrate

Purgative lemon or Lemonade purgante which is saline cathartic (PO).

a. Sodium citrate

b. Potassium citrate

c. Magnesium citrate

d. (Colloidal) bismuth (sub)citrate

e. Cuprous citrate

d. (Colloidal) bismuth (sub)citrate

Used in the treatment of peptic ulcer.

a. Sodium citrate

b. Potassium citrate

c. Magnesium citrate

d. (Colloidal) bismuth (sub)citrate

e. Cuprous citrate

e. Cuprous citrate

Hatchett's brown which is 8% astringent.

a. Sodium citrate

b. Potassium citrate

c. Magnesium citrate

d. (Colloidal) bismuth (sub)citrate

e. Cuprous citrate

f. Bismuth subsalicylate

Pink bismuth.

a. Bismuth subcitrate

b. Potassium sorbate

c. Zinc-eugenol cement

d. Calcium carbide

e. Cuprous citrate

f. Bismuth subsalicylate

f. Bismuth subsalicylate

Pink bismuth which is anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, and antacid.

a. Bismuth subcitrate

b. Potassium sorbate

c. Zinc-eugenol cement

d. Calcium carbide

e. Cuprous citrate

f. Bismuth subsalicylate

c. Toleron - This is ferrous fumarate.

Bismuth subsalicylate is active ingredient in the following except:

a. Pepto-bismol

b. Kaopectate

c. Toleron

d. Helidac

e. None

b. Potassium sorbate

0.2% antimicrobial preservative; control yeasts and mold growth in enteral formula, food, and cosmetics.

a. Bismuth subcitrate

b. Potassium sorbate

c. Zinc-eugenol cement

d. Calcium carbide

e. Cuprous citrate

f. Bismuth subsalicylate

b. < 6.5

Potassium sorbate is effective only in pH:

a. > 6.5

b. < 6.5

c. > 8.5

d. < 5.5

e. None

- Sorbitex = DISC: Dextrin + Iron + Sorbitol + Citric acid

Sorbitex component except:

a. Dextrin

b. Iron

c. Sorbitol

d. Citric acid

e. None

c. Zinc-eugenol cement

Dental protective that is sourced from clove oil.

a. Bismuth subcitrate

b. Potassium sorbate

c. Zinc-eugenol cement

d. Calcium carbide

e. Cuprous citrate

f. Bismuth subsalicylate

d. Calcium carbide - CaC2

Kalburo.

a. Calcium gluconate

b. Calcium hydroxide

c. Calcium carbonate

d. Calcium carbide

e. Cuprous citrate

f. Bismuth subsalicylate

a. Sodium lactate

Can be used as antacid and diuretic.

a. Sodium lactate

b. Sodium starch glycolate

c. Sodium saccharin

d. Sodium ascorbate

e. Potassium permanganate

b. Sodium starch glycolate

Tablet disintegrant with the brand Explotab®.

a. Sodium lactate

b. Sodium starch glycolate

c. Sodium saccharin

d. Sodium ascorbate

e. Potassium permanganate

c. Sodium saccharin

Artificial sweetener that is 300x sweeter than sucrose but can cause bladder tumor in animals.

a. Sodium lactate

b. Sodium starch glycolate

c. Sodium saccharin

d. Sodium ascorbate

e. Potassium permanganate

d. Sodium ascorbate

Vitamin C supplement which is a reducing agent thus an antioxidant.

a. Sodium lactate

b. Sodium starch glycolate

c. Sodium saccharin

d. Sodium ascorbate

e. Potassium permanganate

e. Potassium permanganate - KMnO4

Mineral chameleon.

a. Sodium lactate

b. Sodium starch glycolate

c. Sodium saccharin

d. Sodium ascorbate

e. Potassium permanganate

e. None

True about Potassium permanganate except:

a. Dark purple-black crystals/granular powder, almost opaque by transmitted light and with blue metallic luster by reflected light

b. Strong Oxidizing agent (in acidic media)

c. Local anti-infective, antiseptic (1:5000), deodorant

d. Self-indicating titrant in permanganometry

e. None

a. Opaque

KMnO4 is what in color by transmitted light?

a. Opaque

b. Blue metallic luster

c. Red

d. Purple metallic luster

b. Blue metallic luster

KMnO4 is what in color by reflected light?

a. Opaque

b. Blue metallic luster

c. Red

d. Purple metallic luster

a. Acidic media

KMnO4 is strong oxidizing agent in:

a. Acidic media

b. Basic media

c. Neutral media

d. Any

b. 1:5000

Antiseptic strength of KMnO4:

a. 1:500

b. 1:5000

c. 1:1000

d. 1:10000

e. Potassium permanganate

Self-indicating titrant.

a. Sodium lactate

b. Sodium starch glycolate

c. Sodium saccharin

d. Sodium ascorbate

e. Potassium permanganate

b. Vitamin B

Vitamins with antioxidant property except:

a. Vitamin A

b. Vitamin B

c. Vitamin C

d. Vitamin E

e. None