Erythrocytes Cont.

maturation of RBCs

PSC, rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte, polychromatophil/reticulocytes, RBC

anemia will show

premature RBCs

maturation of RBCs

PSC, rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte, polychromatophil/reticulocytes, RBC

anemia will show

premature RBCs

it is bad if RBCs are destroyed and

none are being produced

reticulocyte can be done using

new methyl blue stain

polychromatophils are same as

reticulocytes just with different staining

as RBCs mature

nucleus gets smaller, more cytoplasm, cells get smaller, blue to pink color due to gaining hemoglobin

end result in domestics

small, nuclear, pink

nutrients are required for

RBC production

minerals needed for production

iron, copper, cobalt

adequate protein is needed T or F for production

true

vitamins needed for production

vitamin b complex and b12

bone marrow stimulation

increases production of RBCs

hypoxia

lack of oxygen

hypoxia is a result of

anemia

erythropoietin

hormone that stimulates RBC production

erythropoietin is produced in

kidney

low erythropoietin is common in

cats with kidney failure and can be supplemented

hemoglobin

respiratory pigment

hemoglobin function

transports oxygen throughout body

hemoglobin contains

4 parts heme, 1 part globin

heme is made up of

iron and protoporphryn

globin is made up of

protein

4 states of hemoglobin

oxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin,methemoglobin, cyanohemoglobin

oxyhemoglobin

normal state when oxygen is loosely bound to hemoglobin

oxyhemoglobin is extremely

unstable and it can readily drop off oxygen to tissues and cells

carboxyhemoglobin

carbonmonoxide bound to hemoglobin

carbon monoxide strongly binds

210x greater than oxygen

how does carbonmonoxidehemoglobin come about

exposure to CO, CO fills hemoglobin sites, blood becomes saturated and no room for oxygen

carboxyhemoglobin can be treated with

hyperbaric chambe, pressure dislodges CO

methemoglobin

nitrate and chlorate poisoning

methemoglobin common source is

fertilizers, especially in ruminants

nitrate and chlorate changes

state of iron so oxygen can’t bind to hemoglobin

sign of methemoglobin

chocolate color blood due to unoxygenation

cyanomethemoglobin

cyanide poisoning

cyanide changes state of

iron so it won’t give up oxygen and tissues and cells are starved of oxygen

sign of cyanomethemoglobin

bright red blood due to oxygenation

cyanomethemoglobin treatment

administer nitrics to change state of iron to drop oxygen