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maturation of RBCs
PSC, rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte, polychromatophil/reticulocytes, RBC
anemia will show
premature RBCs
it is bad if RBCs are destroyed and
none are being produced
reticulocyte can be done using
new methyl blue stain
polychromatophils are same as
reticulocytes just with different staining
as RBCs mature
nucleus gets smaller, more cytoplasm, cells get smaller, blue to pink color due to gaining hemoglobin
end result in domestics
small, nuclear, pink
nutrients are required for
RBC production
minerals needed for production
iron, copper, cobalt
adequate protein is needed T or F for production
true
vitamins needed for production
vitamin b complex and b12
bone marrow stimulation
increases production of RBCs
hypoxia
lack of oxygen
hypoxia is a result of
anemia
erythropoietin
hormone that stimulates RBC production
erythropoietin is produced in
kidney
low erythropoietin is common in
cats with kidney failure and can be supplemented
hemoglobin
respiratory pigment
hemoglobin function
transports oxygen throughout body
hemoglobin contains
4 parts heme, 1 part globin
heme is made up of
iron and protoporphryn
globin is made up of
protein
4 states of hemoglobin
oxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin,methemoglobin, cyanohemoglobin
oxyhemoglobin
normal state when oxygen is loosely bound to hemoglobin
oxyhemoglobin is extremely
unstable and it can readily drop off oxygen to tissues and cells
carboxyhemoglobin
carbonmonoxide bound to hemoglobin
carbon monoxide strongly binds
210x greater than oxygen
how does carbonmonoxidehemoglobin come about
exposure to CO, CO fills hemoglobin sites, blood becomes saturated and no room for oxygen
carboxyhemoglobin can be treated with
hyperbaric chambe, pressure dislodges CO
methemoglobin
nitrate and chlorate poisoning
methemoglobin common source is
fertilizers, especially in ruminants
nitrate and chlorate changes
state of iron so oxygen can’t bind to hemoglobin
sign of methemoglobin
chocolate color blood due to unoxygenation
cyanomethemoglobin
cyanide poisoning
cyanide changes state of
iron so it won’t give up oxygen and tissues and cells are starved of oxygen
sign of cyanomethemoglobin
bright red blood due to oxygenation
cyanomethemoglobin treatment
administer nitrics to change state of iron to drop oxygen
Note 
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