M6L2 - Healing

Permanent proliferation

This occurs in cells that are terminally differentiated and cannot divide, e.g. neurons and mycoardial cells

Stable proliferation

This occurs in quiescent cells that can divide if required, like hepatocytes, nephrons, and pancreatic cells

Labile proliferation

This occurs in cells that are continuously dividing, like haematopoietic cells and enterocytes

Regeneration

This refers to proliferation of cells that survive injury and retain proliferative capacity

Connective tissue deposition

This refers to deposition of ECM and collagen by fibroblasts

Scarring

This occurs due to excessive connective tissue deposition, i.e. fibrosis

Fibroblast

This is a cell that synthesises and maintains ECM collagen and performs granulation during wound healing

Primary union

This occurs when injury involves the epithelial skin layer and is the primary healing mechanism of epithelial regeneration

Secondary union

This occurs when injury is more extensive and repair involves a combination of regeneration and scarring

Chronic inflammation

This occurs with a prolonged inflammatory phase, delays the progression to the proliferative phase

Ulceration

This occurs when re-epithelialisation fails, leads to a loss of surface epithelium

Excessive collagen production

This occurs in the overdeposition of collagen, leading to keloid scars

Excessive granulation

This occurs in overgrowth of granulation tissue, delays epithelialisation

Excessive contraction

This occurs in excessive myofibroblast activity, often leads to tissue distortion and/or deformity

Non-union

This occurs when bone ends are too far apart and no bridging callus can be formed

Fibrous union

This occurs when granulation tissue matures into fibrous tissue,occurs when there is physical instability or separation of bone ends, poor blood flow, or infection