female reproductive diseases/disorders (copy)

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100 Terms

1
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what is oligomenorrhea
too few periods
2
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what is polymenorrhea
too many periods
3
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what is amenorrhea
no periods
4
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what is post-menopausal bleeding a sign of
cancer
5
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what are the signs and symptoms of endometriosis
endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus causing painful mensuration that worsens over time, pain during sex, and constipation
6
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what diagnostic procedure is used to confirm endometriosis
laproscopy
7
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what is the treatment for endometriosis
birth control to skip period, surgery to remove tissue
8
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what is a possible cause of endometriosis
retrograde menstruation where the period back flows into the the fallopian tubes instead of leaving the body
9
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what are possible complications of endometriosis and PCOS
infertility
10
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what are the S/S of PCOS
many fluid filled cysts in the ovaries, hirstruism (excess hair), male pattern hair loss, and acanthosis nigricans (velvety hyper-pigmentation of the skin)
11
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what are the diagnosis criteria for PCOS
(must meet 2/3)

oligomenorrhea/anovulation, ultrasound evidence of polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism
12
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what is a possible cause of PCOS
obesity
13
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what are the S/S of PMS
breast swelling, bloating, acne, food cravings, fatigue
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what is a possible cause of PMS
fluctuating hormones
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what is PMDD
similar to PMS but more severe, lasts longer, and interferes with daily living
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what is the treatment for PMDD
SSRIs
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what is a possible cause for PMDD
serotonin imbalance
18
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what type of agent is trichomoniasis
protozoa
19
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what are the S/S of trichomoniasis
fishy smell, genital itching and burning
20
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what is the diagnostic for trichomoniasis
motile organisms with flagella
21
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what is the treatment for trichomoniasis
mentronidazole
22
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pt education for patients taking metronidazole
avoid alcohol
23
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what type of agent is chlamydia and gonorrhea
bacteria
24
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what are the S/S of chlamydia and gonorrhea
mostly asymptomatic

vaginal bleeding, yellow discharge, painful urination
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what is the diagnosis for chlamydia and gonorrhea
cultures
26
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what is the treatment for chlamydia and gonorrhea
antibiotics (gonorrhea is becoming increasingly resistant)
27
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what are possible complications of chlamydia and gonorrhea if left untreated
PID
28
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pt education for people diagnosed with chlamydia and gonorrhea
partners should also be treated
29
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what are the S/S of HSV
swollen red sores, swollen lymph nodes, fever
30
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what are the diagnostics of HSV
culture and presence of antibodies in serum
31
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what is the treatment for acute outbreaks and suppression of HSV
anti-virals
32
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what is type 1 HSV
oral
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what is type 2 HSV
genital
34
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what are the birthing considerations for a pregnant women with an active HSV outbreak
must deliver via c-section
35
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what type of agent is syphillis
spirochete (can burrow)
36
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what are the S/S of primary syphillis
painless chancre
37
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what are the S/S of secondary syphilis
rash on the soles of feet and palms of hands, flat warts, flu-like symptoms
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what are the S/S of latent syphillis
asymptomatic but infection is still present
39
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what are the S/S of newborn syphilis
blindness, deafness, neuro issues
40
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what are the diagnostics for syphilis
VDRL or RPR test
41
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what is the treatment for syphilis
penicillin
42
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what are the complications of untreated syphilis
brain damage or death
43
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what are the S/S of HPV
genital warts
44
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what is the treatment for HPV
TCA, surgical removal
45
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what are the complications of untreated HPV
cervical and throat cancer
46
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is their a vaccine available for HPV
yes
47
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what are the S/S of HIV soon after exposure
flu-like symptoms
48
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what are the S/S of HIV
can be asymptomatic for up to 10 years until opportunistic infections start to appear
49
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what is the treatment for HIV
anti-retroviral therapy
50
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birthing considerations for a patient with HIV
should deliver via c-section
51
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pt education for those at high risk for HIV
PrEP and safe sex practices
52
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what are the S/S of hepatitis
liver damage, jaundice, dark urine, flu-like symptoms
53
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how are hepatitis B and C transmitted
blood borne
54
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what are the diagnostics for hepatitis
serum antibody testing
55
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what is the treatment for hepatitis
no treatment, symptoms usually resolve on their own
56
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what are the possible complications of hepatitis
liver failure, death
57
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what type of hepatitis is their a vaccine for
B
58
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how is zika transmitted
semen or aedes mosquito
59
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what are the possible complications of zika
microcephaly in infants, guillain-barre syndrome
60
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what are the S/S of PID
vaginal discharge, pain, fever
61
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what are diagnostics used for PID
untreated gonorrhea or chlamydia infection, CRP, sed rate
62
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what is a possible complication of PID
infertility
63
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what are the S/S of bacterial vaginosis
odor, thin, white, fishy smelling discharge
64
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what are the diagnostics for bacterial vaginosis
change in pH, wet mount microscope
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what is the treatment for bacterial vaginosis
flagyl (metronidazole)
66
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what are the possible causes of bacterial vaginosis
overgrowth of bacteria
67
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what are possible complications of bacterial vaginosis
premature birth, PID
68
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what agent causes candidiasis (yeast infections)
fungus
69
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what are the S/S of candidiasis (yeast infections)
redness, itching, swelling, dysuria, dyspareunia

thick, white, curdy discharge
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what are the diagnostics used for candidiasis (yeast infections)
visualization fo yeast
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what is the treatment for candidiasis (yeast infections)
cream or suppository anti-fungals, eat yogurt and other foods containing probiotics
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what is the cause of candidiasis (yeast infections)
overgrowth of fungus
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what are the S/S of a UTI
frequent, painful urination, blood in urine
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what are the diagnostics for UTIs
clean catch UA, dipstick, urine culture
75
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what is the treatment for UTIs
antibiotics
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what is the cause of UTIs
bacteria (usually e. coli)
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what are potential complications for UTIs
kidneys, sepsis, preterm labor
78
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what are the S/S of toxic shock syndrome
fever, N/V, dizziness, muscle aches, rash
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what are the diagnostics for toxic shock syndrome
serum test for staph or strep, cervical swabs
80
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what is the treatment for toxic shock syndrome
antibiotics, fluids, debridement, dialysis if kidneys become affected
81
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what is the cause of toxic shock syndrome
toxin from staph or strep
82
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what are the potential complications of toxic shock syndrome
shock, renal failure, death
83
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what are the S/S of fibrocystic breast changes
pain comes and goes with period, swelling, thick/lumpy breast, round and moveable lump that is tender, becomes larger before period and shrinks after
84
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are fibrocystic breast changes cyclical
yes, hormone related
85
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what are the S/S of a fibroadenoma
single lumps that are smooth, well defines, easily moveable under the skin, firm, rubbery, and painless
86
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what is the diagnostic for a fibroadenoma
biopsy
87
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what is the treatment for fibroadenomas
remove if too bothersome
88
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are fibroadenomas cyclical
no
89
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what is primary infertility
unprotected sex for a year without contraception and no previous pregnancies
90
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what is secondary infertility
unprotected sex for a year without contraception with a previous successful pregnancy
91
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what factors lead to infertility in women
age, infection, ovulatory issues, hormone imbalances, pelvic disease or blocked tubes, can be unexplained
92
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at what age does a women have a greater risk fo an unsuccessful pregnancy
>35
93
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what factors are related to male infertility
environmental (temp, chemo, alcohol), infections (prostatitis, mumps), endocrine/autoimmune issues, trauma or surgery
94
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what does hystero- mean
uterus
95
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what does salpingo- mean
fallopian tubes
96
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what does -graphy or -gram mean
visulaization
97
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what does -scopy mean
removal or treatment
98
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what meds can be given to induce ovulation
clomid, metformin
99
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what is intrauterine insemination (IUI)
semen/sperm are introduced into the uterus during ovulation
100
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what is in-vitro fertilization
fertilization occurs outside of the uterus in a lab