Learning German - Present Tense

How do you form the perfect tense?

The subject + auxiliary verb + the past participle

I studied

Ich habe gelernt

We won

Wir haben gewonnen

The boy went

der Junge ist gegangen

What are the two auxiliary verbs used with the past participle?

• haben (to have)

• sein (to be)

I have

ich habe

You have (infomal)

du hast

He/She/It has

er/sie/es hat

We have

wir haben

You all have (formal)

ihr habt

You have (formal)

Sie haben

You have (formal)

sie haben

I am

Ich bin

You are

du bist

he/she/it is

er/sie/es ist

we are

wir sind

you all are (formal)

ihr seid

you all are (informal)

Sie sind

you are (formal)

sie sind

Which verbs should you use haben with?

Transitive verbs

Which verbs should you use sein with?

• Intransitive verbs

• bleiben

• werden

• sein

What are intransitive verbs?

All verbs of motion (describing a movement from A to B)

What are the steps for forming the past participle?

1. Know whether verb is regular or irregular

2. Find the stem

3. Add the beginning and end to the stem

What is the prefix and suffix for regular verb stems?

• Add ge- at the beginning

• Add -t where the -en or -n was

irregular past participle bleiben - define and form

Ich bin geblieben - I stayed

irregular past participle essen - define and form

Ich habe gegessen - I ate

irregular past participle fahren - define and form

Ich bin gefahren - I travelled/went

irregular past participle gehen - define and form

Ich bin gegangen - I went

irregular past participle lesen - define and form

Ich habe gelesen - I read

irregular past participle schreiben - define and form

Ich habe geschrieben - I wrote

irregular past participle trinken - define and form

Ich habe getrunken - I drank