Chemistry test #4

IMFs

forces between molecules

• weaker than covalent bonds

phase changes, solubility 

IMFS have a huge impact on ____ and ____:

harder

the stronger the IMFS, the ____ it is to pull molecules apart

high

strong IMFS have ___ boiling points

low

weaker IMFS have ____ boiling points

electrons

London dispersal forces increase with number of ____:

• greater polarizability

solubility

wether a substance will dissolved in a solvent

similar

materials will dissolve in solvents with ____ IMFs/polarities

LD

weakest IMF

LD

present between all molecules

LD

only force that non polar molecules have

LD

instantaneous and short lived, temporary dipole

vapor pressure

pressure molecules in the gas phase exert above a liquid 

high

low vapor pressure means ___ boiling point

DD

only between polar molecules because polar molecules have dipoles

DD

stronger than LD forces because these are permanent

H

type of dipole dipole

H

strongest IMF

N O F

must have an H attached to ______ on one molecule in a hydrogen bond

HF

HF can only form a Hs bond with ___ molecules

Electronegative

hydrogen is only attached to N O F because these elements are very:

lone

NOF all have ___ pairs

small

NOF are all ____ (size)

crystalline

lightly ordered (repeating patterns)

amorphous

glass, less ordered

ion dipole

ionic compound and a polar solvent

• great than LD forces

ionic

high melting point

ionic

conducts as a molten or in solution

ionic

extremely brittle

molecular solids

held together by IMFs

molecular solids

soft

molecular solids

low melting points

molecular solids

non conductors

atomic solids

atoms at lattice points

metallic

metals at lattice points

metallic

non directional and delocalized

metallic

malleable

metallic

electron sea model

Metallic

ductile (wire)

metallic 

high melting points (not ionic)

metallic

conduct electricity

brass

substitutional

substitutional

substitutes an atom of a similar size

interstitial

puts a small atom into the spaces between the metal atoms

steel

interstitial

network solid

atoms are held together by directional bonds to form huge networks

network solids

extreme melting points

network solid

diamond is an example of a:

network solid

sand and quarts is an example of a:

network solid

graphite is an example of a:

network solid

extreme melting points

noble gases

group 8A

noble gases

IMFs hold together —> LD forces

noble gasess

low melting points

liquids

IMFs are weaker base particles

viscosity

resistance to flow

viscosity, surface tension

_____ and____ are signs of strong IMFs

alloys

brass and steel are:

more

_______ energy to vaporize than to melt

IMFs

____ are important for solids and liquids

• not really goes because they are too far apart for these (not interacting much

volatility

ability to enter gas phase

decreases

volatility ____ as IMFs increase

inter

phase changes: breaking of _____molecular bonds

intra

chemical changes: breaking of ___molecular bonds

crystal lattice

Substitutional are made when the radii of the metals are similar in size are substituted into the ____

gaps

interstitial alloys are made when a smaller atom fits into the ____ between the larger atoms of a metallic crystal

polarizable

more electrons = more LD forces = more _____