AP Art History Identifiers

Apollo 11 Stones
Charcoal on Stone. Namibia. c. 25,500-25,300 BCE

Great Hall of the Bulls
Rock painting. Lascaux, France. Paleolithic Europe. c. 15,000-13,000 BCE

Camelid Sacrum in the shape of a canine
Bone. Tequixquiac, central Mexico. c. 14,000-7,000 BCE

Running Horned Woman
Pigment on Rock. Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria. Ajjer peoples. c. 6,000-4,000 BCE

Beaker with Ibex Motifs
Painted Terra Cotta. Susa, Iran.
c. 4200-3500 BCE

Anthropomorphic Stele
Sandstone. Arabian Peninsula c. 4th millennium BCE

Jade Cong
Carved jade. Liangzhu, China. c. 3300-2200 BCE

Stonehenge
Sandstone. Wiltshire, UK. Neolithic Europe. c. 2500-1600 BCE

The Ambum Stone
Greywacke. Ambum Valley, Enga Province, Papua New Guinea. c. 1500 BCE

Tlatilco Female Figurine
Ceramic. Central Mexico, site of Tlatilco. c. 1200-900 BCE

Terra Cotta Fragment
Terra Cotta (incised), red-slip earthenware. Lapita peoples. Solomon Islands. c. 1000 BCE.

White Temple and Ziggurat
Mud Brick. Sumerian. Uruk (Warka, Iraq) c. 3500-3000 bce.

Palette of King Narmer
greywacke. Predynastic Egypt. c. 3000-2920 BCE.

Statues of Votive Figures
Gypsum Inlaid with shell and black limestone. Sumerian. Eshnunna (Tell Asmar, Iraq). c. 2700 BCE.

Seated Scribe
Painted limestone. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. Saqqara, Egypt. c. 2620-2500 BCE.

Standard of Ur
Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone. Sumerian. Royal Tombs at Ur (Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq). c. 2600-2400 BCE.

Great Pyramids (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu) and Great Sphinx
Cut limestone. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. Giza, Egypt. c. 2550-2490 BCE

King Menkaura and Queen
Greywacke. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. Egypt. c. 2490-2472 BCE.

The Code of Hammurabi
Basalt. Susian. Babylon. c. 1792-1750 BCE.

Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall
Cut sandstone and mud brick. New Kingdom, 18th and 19th dynasties. Karnak, Egypt. c. 1550-1250 BCE.

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff, and red granite. New Kingdom, 18th dynasty. Near Luxor, Egypt. c. 1473- 58 BCE.

Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters
Limestone. New Kingdom (Amarna), 18th dynasty. c. 1353-1335 BCE.

Tutankhamun's tomb, innermost coffin
Gold inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. Valley of the Kings, Egypt. c. 1323 BCE.

Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer, from his tomb (page from the Book of the Dead)
Painted papyrus scroll. New Kingdom, 19th dynasty. Thebes, Egypt. c. 1275.

Lamassu, citadel of Sargon II
Alabaster. Neo-Assyrian. Khorsabad, Iraq. c. 720-705 BCE.

Athenian Agora
Plan. Archaic through Hellenistic. Athens, Greece. c. 600 BCE-150 ce.

Anavysos Kouros
Marble with remnants of paint. Archaic Greek. c. 530 BCE.

Peplos Kore from the Acropolis
Marble, painted details. Archaic Greek. c. 530 BCE.

Sarcophagus of the Spouses
Terra Cotta. Etruscan. Cerveteri, Italy. c. 520 BCE.

Audience Hall (apadana) of Darius and Xerxes
Limestone. Persian. Persepolis, Iran. c. 520-465.

Temple of Minerva, sculpture of Apollo
Master sculptor Vulca. wood, mud brick, or tufa; terra cotta sculpture. Veii, Italy. Etruscan with Greek influences. c. 510-500 BCE.

Tomb of the Triclinium
Tufa and fresco. Etruscan. Tarquinia, Italy. c. 480-470 BCE.

Niobedes Krater
Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece “Niobid painter”. Clay, red-figure technique (white highlights). c. 460-50 BCE.

Doryphoros (Spear bearer)
Polykleitos. Roman copy (marble), Greek original (bronze). Pompeii, Rome. c. 450- 440 BCE.

parthenon
Iktinos and Kallikrates. Marble. Athens, Greece. c. 447-410 BCE.

Grave Stele of Hegeso
Attributed to Kallimachos. Marble and paint. Dipylon Cemetery, Athens, Greece. c. 410 BCE.

Winged Victory of Samothrace
Marble. Hellenistic Greece. c. 190 BCE.

Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon
Marble. Hellenistic Greece. Asia Minor (Turkey). c. 175 BCE.

House of the Vettii
Cut stone and fresco. Imperial Roman. Pompeii, Italy. second century bce

Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun
Mosaic. Tesserae. Republican Roman copy of lost Greek painting. Hellenistic. Pompeii. c. 100 BCE.

Seated boxer
Bronze. Hellenistic Greece. c. 100 BCE.

Head of Roman patrician
Marble. Republican Roman. Verism. c. 75- 50 BCE.

Augustus of Primaporta
Marble. Imperial Roman. c. 1st century CE.

Colosseum (Flavian amphitheater)
Stone and concrete. Imperial Roman. Rome, Italy. c. 70- 80 CE.

Forum of Trajan
Apollodorus of Damascus. Brick and concrete, marble column. Rome, Italy. c. 106-112 (forum and markets) ce; 113 column.

Pantheon
Concrete with stone facing. Imperial Rome. Italy. c. 118-125.

Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus
Marble. Late Imperial Roman. c. 260- 250 BCE.

Catacomb of Priscilla
tufa and fresco. Late Antique Europe. Rome, Italy. c. 200-400 CE.

Santa Sabina
Brick and stone, wooden roof. Late Antique Europe. Rome, Italy. c. 422-432 CE.

Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well and Jacob Wrestling the Angel
Illuminated manuscript (tempera, gold, and silver on purple vellum). Early Byzantine Europe. c. early 6th century.

San Vitale
Brick, marble, and stone veneer, mosaic. Early Byzantine Europe. Ravenna, Italy. c. 526-547 CE.

Hagia Sophia
Anthemius of Talles and Isidorus of Miletus. Brick and ceramic elements with stone and mosaic veneer. Constantinople (Istanbul). c. 532-37 CE.

Merovingian looped fibula
Silver gilt worked in filigree, inlaid garnets and other stones. Early medieval Europe. c. 6th century.

Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore and George
Encaustic on wood. Early Byzantine Europe. c. early 7th century.

Lindisfarne Gospels: St. Matthew cross-carpet page; St. Luke portrait page; St. Luke incipit page
Illuminated manuscript (ink, pigments, and gold on vellum). Early medieval Europe. c. early 8th century.

Great Mosque of Córdoba
Stone masonry. Umayyad. Córdoba, Spain. Hypostyle Hall. c. 8th-10th centuries.

Pyxis of al-Mughira
Ivory. Umayyad. c. 357- 986 CE.

Church of Sainte-Foy
Stone, stone and paint (tympanum), gold silver, gemstones, and enamel over wood (reliquary). Romanesque Europe. Conques, France. c. 1050- 1130 CE.

Bayeux Tapestry
Embroidery on Linen. Romanesque Europe. c. 1070.

Chartres Cathedral
Limestone, stained glass. Gothic Europe. Chartres, France. c. 1145- 1230.

Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX of France, Scenes from the Apocalypse
Illuminated manuscript (ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum). Gothic Europe. Paris, France. c. 1227-34 CE.

Röttgen Pietà
Painted wood. Late medieval Europe. gothic. c. 1300-25 ce.

Arena (Scrovengni) Chapel, including Lamentation
Giotto. Brick and fresco. Padua, Italy. c. 1305

Golden Haggadah (The Plagues of Egypt, Scenes of Liberation, and Preparation for Passover)
Illuminated manuscript (pigments on vellum). Late medieval Spain. Barcelona, Spain. c. 1320.

Alhambra Palace
Whitewashed adobe stucco, wood, tile, paint, and gilding. Nasrid Dynasty. Granada, Spain. islamic c. 1238.

Annunciation Triptych
Workshop of Campin. Tempera and oil on panel. c. 1425-28.

Pazzi Chapel
Brunelleschi. Masonry. Basilica di Santa Croce, Florence, Italy. c. 1420s- 1460s.

The Arnolfini Portrait
van Eyck. oil on wood. northern renaissance. c. 1434.

David
Donatello. Bronze. c. mid 5th century.

Palazzo Rucellai
Alberti. Stone, masonry. Roman influences. Florence, Italy. c. 1446- 1451.

Madonna and Child with Two Angels
Lippi. Tempera on panel. early renaissance c. 1460- 1465.

Birth of Venus
Botticelli. Tempera on panel. Early Renaissance. c. 1283-85.

Last Supper
da Vinci. Oil and tempera, fresco. c. 1495-98.

Adam and Eve
Dürer. Engraving. c. 1504.

Sistine Chapel ceiling and altar wall frescoes
Michelangelo. Fresco. Vatican City, Italy. c. early 6th century.

School of Athens
Raphael. Fresco. c. 1509- 1511.

Isenheim altarpiece
Grünewald. Oil on wood. Isenheim, Germany. c. 1510-15.

Entombment of Christ
Pontormo. Oil on wood. mannerism. c. 1525-28

Allegory of Law and Grace
Cranach the Elder. Woodcut. Lutheran Reformation. c. 1529.

Venus of Urbino
Titian. Oil on canvas. c. 1538. renaissance

Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza
Pigment on paper. Viceroyalty of New Spain. c. 1541-42. Art of New Spain

Il Gesù, Triumph of the Name of Jesus ceiling fresco
da Vignola: plan, della Porta: facade, Gaulli: ceiling fresco. brick, marble, fresco, and stucco. Spoilia. Baroque. Rome, Italy. c. 1672- 1685.

Hunters in the Snow
Bruegel the Elder. Oil on wood. c. 1565.

Mosque of Selim II
Sinan. Brick and stone. Edirne, Turkey. Centrally planned. c. 1568- 75.

Calling of Saint Matthew
Caravaggio. Oil on canvas. Baroque. Italy. c. 1599-1600.

Henri IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de'Medici
Peter Rubens. Oil on canvas. Baroque. c. 1621- 1625.

Self-Portrait with Saskia
Rembrandt. Etching. Baroque. c. 1636.

San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
Borromini. Stone and stucco. Italian Baroque. Rome, Italy. c. 1634- 1646.

Ecstasy of Saint Teresa
Bernini. Marble (sculpture), stucco and gilt bronze (chapel). Cornaro Chapel. Italian Baroque. Rome, Italy. c. 1647- 52.

Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei
Master of Calamarca. Oil on canvas. Catholic Counter Reformation. Peru. Baroque. c. before 1728.

Las Meninas
Velázquez. Oil on canvas. Spanish Baroque. c. 1656.

Woman Holding a Balance
Vermeer. Oil on canvas. Baroque. c. 1664

The Palace at Versailles
King Louis XIV of France. Marble and gold. French Baroque. c. 1664- 1710.

Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene
Oil on wood, mother of pearl inlay. Circle of the González family. Mexico. Baroque. c. 1697- 1701.

The Virgin of Guadalupe
Gonzalez. Oil on canvas on panel, inlaid with mother-of-pearl. Basilica of Guadalupe, Mexico City. Baroque. c. late 17th century.

Fruit and Insects
Ruysch. Oil on wood. Baroque. Still life. c. 1711.

Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo
Juárez. Oil on canvas. Caste painting. Baroque. c. 1715.

The tête à tête
Hogarth. Oil on canvas. c. 1743. rococo

Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz
Cabrera. Oil on canvas. Neoclassical. c. 1750.

A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery
Joseph Wright of Derby. Oil on canvas. Rococo (enlightenment). c. 1763- 65.