Studied by 1 personrepresentative government
idea that people should have a say
magna carta
English document dating to 1215 that limited the power of the English monarchy and helped establish the rule of law
limited government
belief that government should be subject to strict limits on the lawful use of power
Charles de Montesquieu
French philosopher who argued in favor of the seperate on of powers
Royal colony
an English colony under the direct control of the king through an appointed governor
charter colony
type of English colony that enjoyed the most independence from Great Britain
William blackstone
English legal scholar whose book Commentaries on the Laws of England
English Bill of Rights
document passed by parliament in 1689 that limited the English Monachy's ability to enact laws
republicanism
broad set of political ideas about representative government that traces back to Ancient Greece and Rome
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Set of colonial laws that limited government and gave all free men the right to choose people to serve as judges
stamp act
In 1765, tax on legal documents and paper
First Continental Congress
demanded the repeal of the intolerable acts and an end to military occupations
George Washington
militia's commander of the second continental congress
common sense
Thomas Paine wrote a 47-page political pamphlet that inspired widespread support for independence in the colonies
John Locke
When writing the Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson was influenced by this man's ideas about gov and natural rights
New England confederation
to protect the colonists from the French in Canada and the Indians
Iroquois Confederation
Iroquios confederation is A powerful alliance of six Native American nations. The Mohawk
Albany Plan of Union
Albany plan of union Inspired by the Iroquois
Stamp ActOf 1765
The Stamp Act required a government tax stamp on paper goods and all legal documents
First Continental Congress
The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from twelve of the Thirteen Colonies who met from September 5 to October 26
Second continental congress
It succeeded the First Continental Congress
Virginia declaration of Rights
The Virginia Declaration of Rights is a document drafted in 1776 to proclaim the inherent rights of men
Thomas Jefferson
Wrote the declaration of independence
Benjamin Franklin
Proposed the Albany plan of union
Thomas Paine
Wrote the pamphlet "common sense"
George Washington
Elected to serve as the commander of the continental army
Samuel Adams
Formed the committee of correspondence to inform the other colonies about events occurring in Boston
First Continental Congress
Sent King George 3 the declaration and Resolves demanding the repeal of the Intolerable Acts
Parliament
Imposed a series of taxes on the colonies designed to alleviate Britain's debt
Shay’s Rebellion
An uprising of Massachusetts farmers in 1787 led to calls for a stronger national government
Northwest Ordinance
The act which guided the westward expansion of the United States established a plan for settling territory that included what is now Illinois-Indiana-Michigan-Minnesota-Ohio- and Wisconsin.
ratify
sign or give formal consent to (a treaty-contract or agreement) making it officially valid.
flout
openly disregard (a rule-law or convention)
Articles of Confederation
Land disputes led to a delay in the adoption and ratification of the nation’s first constitution.
What was the nation’s FIRST constitution?
The Articles of Confederation
.Define ratification
Formally approved
What was one of the main issues that delayed ratification of the Articles?
Dispute regarding which state would control the land
List the powers that the A of C gave the government. (you will need to know 3 for the test)
Coin and borrow money, admit new states and divide western lands, raise an army
How many states had to approve a change in the law according to the A of C?
9
When the states got to keep all powers not given to congress, what did this allow them to do? (three things)
Collect taxes, enforce national laws and determine how funds would contribute to the national gvt
Why were there pressures to form a strong central government?
They economy was slow to recover, the gvt had no money
What was Shays rebellion?
When a small band of Massacusstes farmers rebelled`
Who called a meeting to settle a trade dispute between Virginia and Maryland?
George Washington
Who did James Madison ask to support the larger meeting he scheduled following the meeting between Virginia and Maryland?
The Confederation Congress
At the planned convention to revise the A of C, what did the delegates realize?
They realized that it was to weak to meet the nations needs
Who were some of the people who attended the Constitutional Convention?
Benjamin Franklin, and 55 delegates that had gvt experience
Define Framers
The delegates to the Constitutional Convention
Define the Virginia Plan, listing the bullets that describe it
It was a plan that called for a strong nation gvt divided into 3 branches. It provided for bicameral legislature and the Upper house members would be selected by the state legislatures while the lower house would be elected by the people
Define the New Jersey Plan, listing the bullets that describe it.
It called for 3 strong central gvt that is made up of 3 branches, but it was designed to stick slicer to the Articles of Confederation
What plan was ultimately rejected?
The New Jersey Plan
What did the Great Compromise create?
A bicameral legislature, membership in the lower house called the House of Representatives
What two issues did the delegates disagree on involving slavery?
Whether or not slaves would be counted as part of the states population and whether the gvt should put an end to importation
What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?
It was that three-fifths of the enslaved people would be counted when determining the states population
Also, what was extended 20 years?
Slave Trade
How did the delegates decide to elect the president?
By state electors
Why did some of the delegates refuse to sign the Constitution?
Because it lacked bill of rights
What did the Constitution do to state’s power? (first note of section 5)
It reduced the power of the state legislatures and restricted congress
What was the ratification process that the delegates created?
Constitution
How many states would have to ratify the Constitution?
9 out of 13
How many states ended up ratifying the Constitution?
11
Define the Federalists and Antifederalists
Federalists supported the constitution and Anti-Federalists did not support it
What did the Antifederalists believe?
They believed that the constitution did not reflect the ideals of the American revolution
What did the Federalists believe?
In a powerful national government and it needed power to defend the nation
What did the Antifederalists want added into the Constitution?
A Bill of rights
Why did the smaller states immediately ratify the Constitution?
They liked the equal representation in the Senate
What state was a KEY victory when the Bill of Rights was added into the Constitution?
Massachusetts
What was the ninth state to ratify, making it official?
New Hampshire
How many amendments were offered during ratification and how many were accepted?
12
What was the nation’s FIRST constitution?
The Articles of Confederation
.Define ratification
Formally approved
What was one of the main issues that delayed ratification of the Articles?
Dispute regarding which state would control the land
List the powers that the A of C gave the government. (you will need to know 3 for the test)
Coin and borrow money, admit new states and divide western lands, raise an army
How many states had to approve a change in the law according to the A of C?
9
When the states got to keep all powers not given to congress, what did this allow them to do? (three things)
Collect taxes, enforce national laws and determine how funds would contribute to the national gvt
Why were there pressures to form a strong central government?
They economy was slow to recover, the gvt had no money
What was Shays rebellion?
When a small band of Massacusstes farmers rebelled`
Who called a meeting to settle a trade dispute between Virginia and Maryland?
George Washington
Who did James Madison ask to support the larger meeting he scheduled following the meeting between Virginia and Maryland?
The Confederation Congress
At the planned convention to revise the A of C, what did the delegates realize?
They realized that it was to weak to meet the nations needs
Who were some of the people who attended the Constitutional Convention?
Benjamin Franklin, and 55 delegates that had gvt experience
Define Framers
The delegates to the Constitutional Convention
Define the Virginia Plan, listing the bullets that describe it
It was a plan that called for a strong nation gvt divided into 3 branches. It provided for bicameral legislature and the Upper house members would be selected by the state legislatures while the lower house would be elected by the people
Define the New Jersey Plan, listing the bullets that describe it.
It called for 3 strong central gvt that is made up of 3 branches, but it was designed to stick slicer to the Articles of Confederation
What plan was ultimately rejected?
The New Jersey Plan
What did the Great Compromise create?
A bicameral legislature, membership in the lower house called the House of Representatives
What two issues did the delegates disagree on involving slavery?
Whether or not slaves would be counted as part of the states population and whether the gvt should put an end to importation
What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?
It was that three-fifths of the enslaved people would be counted when determining the states population
Also, what was extended 20 years?
Slave Trade
How did the delegates decide to elect the president?
By state electors
Why did some of the delegates refuse to sign the Constitution?
Because it lacked bill of rights
What did the Constitution do to state’s power? (first note of section 5)
It reduced the power of the state legislatures and restricted congress
What was the ratification process that the delegates created?
Constitution
How many states would have to ratify the Constitution?
9 out of 13
How many states ended up ratifying the Constitution?
11
Define the Federalists and Antifederalists
Federalists supported the constitution and Anti-Federalists did not support it
What did the Antifederalists believe?
They believed that the constitution did not reflect the ideals of the American revolution
What did the Federalists believe?
In a powerful national government and it needed power to defend the nation
What did the Antifederalists want added into the Constitution?
A Bill of rights
Note
Flashcard