GVT2

representative government

idea that people should have a say

magna carta

English document dating to 1215 that limited the power of the English monarchy and helped establish the rule of law

limited government

belief that government should be subject to strict limits on the lawful use of power

Charles de Montesquieu

French philosopher who argued in favor of the seperate on of powers

Royal colony

an English colony under the direct control of the king through an appointed governor

charter colony

type of English colony that enjoyed the most independence from Great Britain

William blackstone

English legal scholar whose book Commentaries on the Laws of England

English Bill of Rights

document passed by parliament in 1689 that limited the English Monachy's ability to enact laws

republicanism

broad set of political ideas about representative government that traces back to Ancient Greece and Rome

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Set of colonial laws that limited government and gave all free men the right to choose people to serve as judges

stamp act

In 1765, tax on legal documents and paper

First Continental Congress

demanded the repeal of the intolerable acts and an end to military occupations

George Washington

militia's commander of the second continental congress

common sense

Thomas Paine wrote a 47-page political pamphlet that inspired widespread support for independence in the colonies

John Locke

When writing the Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson was influenced by this man's ideas about gov and natural rights

New England confederation

to protect the colonists from the French in Canada and the Indians

Iroquois Confederation

Iroquios confederation is A powerful alliance of six Native American nations. The Mohawk

Albany Plan of Union

Albany plan of union Inspired by the Iroquois

Stamp ActOf 1765

The Stamp Act required a government tax stamp on paper goods and all legal documents

First Continental Congress

The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from twelve of the Thirteen Colonies who met from September 5 to October 26

Second continental congress

It succeeded the First Continental Congress

Virginia declaration of Rights

The Virginia Declaration of Rights is a document drafted in 1776 to proclaim the inherent rights of men

Thomas Jefferson

Wrote the declaration of independence

Benjamin Franklin

Proposed the Albany plan of union

Thomas Paine

Wrote the pamphlet "common sense"

George Washington

Elected to serve as the commander of the continental army

Samuel Adams

Formed the committee of correspondence to inform the other colonies about events occurring in Boston

First Continental Congress

Sent King George 3 the declaration and Resolves demanding the repeal of the Intolerable Acts

Parliament

Imposed a series of taxes on the colonies designed to alleviate Britain's debt

Shay’s Rebellion

An uprising of Massachusetts farmers in 1787 led to calls for a stronger national government

Northwest Ordinance

The act which guided the westward expansion of the United States established a plan for settling territory that included what is now Illinois-Indiana-Michigan-Minnesota-Ohio- and Wisconsin.

ratify

sign or give formal consent to (a treaty-contract or agreement) making it officially valid.

flout

openly disregard (a rule-law or convention)

Articles of Confederation

Land disputes led to a delay in the adoption and ratification of the nation’s first constitution.

What was the nation’s FIRST constitution?

The Articles of Confederation

.Define ratification

Formally approved

What was one of the main issues that delayed ratification of the Articles?

Dispute regarding which state would control the land

List the powers that the A of C gave the government. (you will need to know 3 for the test)

Coin and borrow money, admit new states and divide western lands, raise an army

How many states had to approve a change in the law according to the A of C?

9

When the states got to keep all powers not given to congress, what did this allow them to do? (three things)

Collect taxes, enforce national laws and determine how funds would contribute to the national gvt

Why were there pressures to form a strong central government?

They economy was slow to recover, the gvt had no money

What was Shays rebellion?

When a small band of Massacusstes farmers rebelled\`

Who called a meeting to settle a trade dispute between Virginia and Maryland?

George Washington

Who did James Madison ask to support the larger meeting he scheduled following the meeting between Virginia and Maryland?

The Confederation Congress

At the planned convention to revise the A of C, what did the delegates realize?

They realized that it was to weak to meet the nations needs

Who were some of the people who attended the Constitutional Convention?

Benjamin Franklin, and 55 delegates that had gvt experience

Define Framers

The delegates to the Constitutional Convention

Define the Virginia Plan, listing the bullets that describe it

It was a plan that called for a strong nation gvt divided into 3 branches. It provided for bicameral legislature and the Upper house members would be selected by the state legislatures while the lower house would be elected by the people

Define the New Jersey Plan, listing the bullets that describe it.

It called for 3 strong central gvt that is made up of 3 branches, but it was designed to stick slicer to the Articles of Confederation

What plan was ultimately rejected?

The New Jersey Plan

What did the Great Compromise create?

A bicameral legislature, membership in the lower house called the House of Representatives

What two issues did the delegates disagree on involving slavery?

Whether or not slaves would be counted as part of the states population and whether the gvt should put an end to importation

What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?

It was that three-fifths of the enslaved people would be counted when determining the states population

Also, what was extended 20 years?

Slave Trade

How did the delegates decide to elect the president?

By state electors

Why did some of the delegates refuse to sign the Constitution?

Because it lacked bill of rights

What did the Constitution do to state’s power? (first note of section 5)

It reduced the power of the state legislatures and restricted congress

What was the ratification process that the delegates created?

Constitution

How many states would have to ratify the Constitution?

9 out of 13

How many states ended up ratifying the Constitution?

11

Define the Federalists and Antifederalists

Federalists supported the constitution and Anti-Federalists did not support it

What did the Antifederalists believe?

They believed that the constitution did not reflect the ideals of the American revolution

What did the Federalists believe?

In a powerful national government and it needed power to defend the nation

What did the Antifederalists want added into the Constitution?

A Bill of rights

Why did the smaller states immediately ratify the Constitution?

They liked the equal representation in the Senate

What state was a KEY victory when the Bill of Rights was added into the Constitution?

Massachusetts

What was the ninth state to ratify, making it official?

New Hampshire

How many amendments were offered during ratification and how many were accepted?

12

What was the nation’s FIRST constitution?

The Articles of Confederation

.Define ratification

Formally approved

What was one of the main issues that delayed ratification of the Articles?

Dispute regarding which state would control the land

List the powers that the A of C gave the government. (you will need to know 3 for the test)

Coin and borrow money, admit new states and divide western lands, raise an army

How many states had to approve a change in the law according to the A of C?

9

When the states got to keep all powers not given to congress, what did this allow them to do? (three things)

Collect taxes, enforce national laws and determine how funds would contribute to the national gvt

Why were there pressures to form a strong central government?

They economy was slow to recover, the gvt had no money

What was Shays rebellion?

When a small band of Massacusstes farmers rebelled\`

Who called a meeting to settle a trade dispute between Virginia and Maryland?

George Washington

Who did James Madison ask to support the larger meeting he scheduled following the meeting between Virginia and Maryland?

The Confederation Congress

At the planned convention to revise the A of C, what did the delegates realize?

They realized that it was to weak to meet the nations needs

Who were some of the people who attended the Constitutional Convention?

Benjamin Franklin, and 55 delegates that had gvt experience

Define Framers

The delegates to the Constitutional Convention

Define the Virginia Plan, listing the bullets that describe it

It was a plan that called for a strong nation gvt divided into 3 branches. It provided for bicameral legislature and the Upper house members would be selected by the state legislatures while the lower house would be elected by the people

Define the New Jersey Plan, listing the bullets that describe it.

It called for 3 strong central gvt that is made up of 3 branches, but it was designed to stick slicer to the Articles of Confederation

What plan was ultimately rejected?

The New Jersey Plan

What did the Great Compromise create?

A bicameral legislature, membership in the lower house called the House of Representatives

What two issues did the delegates disagree on involving slavery?

Whether or not slaves would be counted as part of the states population and whether the gvt should put an end to importation

What was the Three-Fifths Compromise?

It was that three-fifths of the enslaved people would be counted when determining the states population

Also, what was extended 20 years?

Slave Trade

How did the delegates decide to elect the president?

By state electors

Why did some of the delegates refuse to sign the Constitution?

Because it lacked bill of rights

What did the Constitution do to state’s power? (first note of section 5)

It reduced the power of the state legislatures and restricted congress

What was the ratification process that the delegates created?

Constitution

How many states would have to ratify the Constitution?

9 out of 13

How many states ended up ratifying the Constitution?

11

Define the Federalists and Antifederalists

Federalists supported the constitution and Anti-Federalists did not support it

What did the Antifederalists believe?

They believed that the constitution did not reflect the ideals of the American revolution

What did the Federalists believe?

In a powerful national government and it needed power to defend the nation

What did the Antifederalists want added into the Constitution?

A Bill of rights