IT 105 (GMU) - Chapter 4, Module 2b

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

EBCDIC

Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code

Unicode

Character encoding standard for worldwide use

Alphanumeric

Combination of alphabetic and numeric characters

Binary input

Data input in binary format (typing from keyboard turns it into what input?)

Analog

Digital representation of sound, continuous data representation

Bitmap (raster) images

Images represented by individual pixels

JPEG

Joint Photographic Experts Group format for bitmap images

GIF

Graphics Interchange Format for bitmap images

PNG

Portable Network Graphics format for bitmap images

Object (vector) images

Images composed of geometric objects

PostScript

Page description language for object images

MPEG-2

Video compression standard

MPEG-4

Video compression standard

WMV

Windows Media Video format for video

Numeric data types

Data types used for mathematical manipulation

Alphanumeric codes

Arbitrary choice of bits to represent characters, symbols, numbers, punctuation.

Collating sequence

Defines how characters in a character set relate to each other when they are compared and ordered.

Printing characters

Characters produced on the screen or printer

Control characters

Characters that control position or cause actions between I/O and computer

Visual data

Videos, photographs, and other graphical images

Sampling rate

Number of times per second that sound is measured

MP3

Digital audio data format using lossy compression

WAV

Audio format for uncompressed sound samples

Data compression

Re-encoding data to reduce storage space

Internal computer data format

Data in a computer is stored as binary numbers

Integer

Positive or negative whole numbers or zero

Real

Numbers with a decimal point

Char

Variable or constant that holds alphanumeric character

Boolean

2-valued variables or constants with values of true or false

Enumerated

User-defined data types (you give it the name) with specific possible values

Pixel

Short for picture element, it is stored as a binary number.

Glyphs

Object image‐based representations of characters

1 KB (Kilobyte)

1 MB (Megabyte)

1 GB (Gigabyte)

2^10=1,024 bytes

2^20=1,048,576 bytes

2^30=1,073,741,824 bytes