SEMI-FINALS

Rhythm

is a movement or pattern with uniform recurrence of accented and accented beat.

Melody

is the succession of tones arranged in such a way as to give it a musical sense. It may also

refer to the rising and falling of the tune in time.

Harmony

is the sounding of a series of groups of tones in the same time. It may also refer to the pleasing sound that is produced when two or more notes are played together. Concordance results when the combination of sounds are in agreement which makes it sound good while dissonance results when the

combination is not pleasant to hear.

Timbre

is tonal quality or the character of the tone that is produced by an instrument or by the human voice. Timbre allows the listener to distinguish the sound between a guitar and a violin for example. In the same way, people can be identified by their voices. A man ís voice sounds different from a woman ís

voice and an old person ís voice is different from that of a child.

Form

is the structure or the framework of a composition.

Opera

is a drama set to music complete with actions, costumes and scenery.

Cantata

is a religious story told in music without actions.

Moro-moro

is a Philippine drama set to music which depicts the conflict between the Christians and the

Muslims.

Sonata

is a long composition for solo instruments

Symphony

is a sonata for the orchestra

Dynamics

is the loudness and softness of the sound in music indicated by symbols to regulate the

volume of the sound.

pp pianissimo

very soft

p piano

soft

mp mezo piano

half soft

ff fortissimo

very loud

crescendo

gradually becoming louder

decrescendo

gradually becoming softer

Music

plays an important role in the dance to which it is closely related. It should be melodic and harmonious and fits into the movements of the dance. Music motivates the dancers to move in tune with its rhythm. The background music of the dance functions to captivate the interest and awe of the

audience.

Movement

is how the dancers use their bodies to move and create organized patterns. Dancers also use gestures which express specific emotions or ideas in sign language.

Choreography

refers to how the steps and movements are connected for it to be performed in an organized manner. This guides the dancers movements for them to perform the movement, convey the message and tell the story through body language.

Technique

is the skill of the dancer in executing the movements. A good dancer has complete control over the muscles of the body thus creating grace and fluidity of movements.

Theme

is the content or the main ingredient of the dance. It tells what the dance is trying to convey. It has something to do with the message of the dance.

Design

is the planned organization or patterns of movement in time and space. Pattern in time, is provided by rhythm to be executed in space on a stage or dance floor.

Costume

The type of dance performed and the costumes worn relate closely to the customs, beliefs, and environment of the people. Costumes enhance the effect of the dance.

Drama

is basically one of the genres of literature that is written primarily to be performed. The performance is done by actors on stage before a live audience.

Plot

is the overall structure of the play. It is concerned about what the story is all about. Traditional have a beginning, a middle, and an ending.

Exposition

is the part that familiarizes the audience with the characters and the situation they are

in.

Complication

happens in the middle part of the play which develops the conflict that was started in the exposition.

Resolution

is also called the anticlimax or the part where conditions in the story are normalized and the situation becomes stable.

Setting

is the locale and period in which the story takes place. It includes the scenery, props and costumes used in staging. It is the background of the play that informs the audience where and when the story will take place.

Characters

are the persons involved in the story. They may seem real to the audience depending on how the playwright structures the dialogues to make the characters come to life. This can be the

protagonist or the antagonist.

Protagonist

is the character from which the story revolves around

antagonist

is the person who challenges the role of the protagonist.

Dialogue

refers to the words uttered by the characters in the story. It what the characters use when conversing with each other or when expressing his thoughts and emotions. This let the audience know the kind of character that the actor is portraying. There are, however, plays with no dialogues.

Pantomimes

rely heavily on actions, gestures, facial expression and sound effects.

Theme

is what the story means. It is how the individual elements are put together to give the story significance and perspective. It relates something about life that is presented in its totality. This may be directly or indirectly stated.

Theater art

is performed live. Its performance is immediate and once performed cannot be undone. Its magic begins when the curtains are raised and the stage lights go on.

Playwrightis

role is to work out the plot in terms of the actual actions to be performed and dialogue to be spoken by actors within the limited facilities of the stage.

Performers

are the ones who portray the characters in a play.

Director

works with the playwright to present which is interpreted and translated into dramatic action.

Production Design

includes the scenery, props, make-up, costumes, lights, music, sound and all other special effects used in a theater production.

Acting

is the art of portraying or impersonating a character in the story.

Acting and the Stars

Acting is the art of portraying or impersonating a character in the story. A performer during filming should embody the character he is portraying. The actor ís portrayal must be perfect and complete.

Set and Directors

should know the setting of the story and build artificial sets.

Music

is indispensable in motion pictures.

musical director

is in charge of selecting, composing new songs, writing orchestration, preparing background music, creating musical scores and supervising all recording.

Music and Musical Director

Music is indispensable in motion pictures. The musical director is in charge of selecting, composing new songs, writing orchestration, preparing background music, creating musical

scores and supervising all recording.

Color in the movies

is an innovation in cinematography. It costs twice as much as the black and white films. Most films are now shown in high definition (HD) color.

Make-up, Hair and Costume Design

These people are responsible for applying the specific type of make-

up, hairstyle and costume to the actors before they face the camera.

Sound technicians

are responsible for making the

dialogue clear and music of fine quality.

Sound, Camera and Special Effects Technicians

Sound technicians are responsible for making the dialogue clear and music of fine quality. They make sure that there is no background noise. The use of

cameras and the functions of the special effects technician is indispensable in cinematography. They

decide on the use of masking, the choice of lens, the camera angle and the control of camera movements.

Form
Content
Context

3 PRINCIPLES OF ART

Form

refers to how specific elements in the artwork are organized to produce a unified whole.

Primary Features

This is how the artwork appears to the viewers. Its physical attributes in terms

of medium, color, texture and size.

Secondary Features

This is how the primary features of the artwork relate to one another. Particularly, this refers to balance, proportion, unity and harmony that are used to create the whole composition.

Content

refers to the message the artist wants to convey through his art.

Factual

is the literal interpretation of the work, its images, attributes, actions and poses.

Conventional level

takes into consideration the basic genres and the figurative meanings usually indicated by familiar signs and symbols and the quality of work.

Subjective level

takes into consideration the effect of form and content on the viewers of the art.

Context

refers to the various circumstances that influence how a work of art was produced and interpreted.

Primary context

pertains to the characteristic of the artist, his personality, beliefs, interests and values.

Secondary context

pertains to the setting. The historical period, time in which the work was

produced. Included here are the functions served by the art work, its religious and philosophical conviction, socio political and economical undertones, climate and geography.

principles of design

describe the ways in which an artist has used or can use the elements of art to create beautiful compositions.

Grieder

The principles of design describe the ways in which an artist has used or can use the elements of art to

create beautiful compositions.

Balance

is the distribution of the visual weight of objects, color, texture and space. The use of these elements should be balanced to make the viewers see and feel design as stable.

Symmetrical balance

results when the elements used on one side of the design are similar to

those on the other side.

Asymmetrical balance

is when the sides of the composition are different but still looked balanced.

Radial balance

is achieved when the elements are arranged around a central point. Elements may exhibit similarities as they spread around the central point.

Emphasis

is the part of the design that catches the viewer's attention. The artist will usually make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas.

Movement

is the path the viewer's eye takes when looking through the work of art. Such movement can be implied along lines edges, shape, and color within the work of art.

Pattern

is the repetition of objects, shapes, lines, or symbols all over the space or picture plane.

Proportion

is the feeling of unity created when all parts relate well with each other.

Repetition

works with patterns to make the work seem active. The repetition of elements of design creates unity within the artwork.

Rhythm

is created when one or more elements of design are used repeatedly to produce a feeling of organized, continuous, sometimes flowing movement. To keep rhythm exciting and active, variety is important.

Variety

is the use of several elements of design that adds interest in order to hold the viewer's attention and guide the viewer ís eye through and around the work of art.

Unity

is the feeling of harmony between and among the parts of the work of art, which creates a feeling of completeness in the composition.

Pattern

A regular arrangement of alternated or repeated elements or motifs.

Contrast

The juxtaposition of different elements of design in order to highlight their differences and / or create visual interest, or a focal point.

Emphasis

Special attention / importance given to one part of a work of art. This can be achieved through placement, contrast, colour, size, repetition. Relates to focal point

Balance

A feeling results when the elements of design are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically to create the impression of equality in weight or importance

Scale

The relationship between objects with respect to size, number, and so on, including the relation between parts of a whole.

Harmony

The arrangement of elements to give the viewer the feeling that all the parts of the piece form a coherent whole.

Rhythm / Movement

The use of recurring elements to direct the eye through the image; the way the elements are organized to lead the eye to the focal area. The eye can be directed, for example, along edges and by means of shape and colour.

Unity

All parts of an image work together to be seen as a whole

Rule of Thirds

is used by visual artists (painters, digital artists, and photographers) to create compositions that meet the requirements for a good design.

Rule of Thirds

The major function of this is to serve as a guide for visual artists on the proper placement of

their subjects on the picture plane to achieve a more interesting composition. Placing the subject at the center

does not provide enough interest for viewers to be able to appreciate the work.

Leonardo da Vinci

was more than an artist. He was also an architect, scientist, inventor, anatomist, geologist, historian and writer.

Michael J. Gleb

Based on the research conducted by _______ (born 1952), specifically, in his book “How to Think like” Leonardo da Vinciî (1998), da Vinciís genius was based on 7 principles which he called the seven da Vincian Principles.

Curiosita

is approaching life with a heightened level of wonder and continuous search to know and learn

more.

Dimostrazione

is the commitment to test knowledge and to persist in this task, which includes experiencing both success and failures in undertaking.

Sensazione

is experiencing life through refinement of the senses. For example, the eyes should do more than see, it should be able to distinguish between the beauty of various colors, note minute details and savor the physicality of everything the world has to offer.

Sfumato

literally translates to ìgoing up in smokeî. It is accepting lifeís paradoxes and uncertainties. It is knowing and realizing that not everything is cause and effect and that events happen that even logic can explain.

Arte/Scienza

is finding a balance between art and science or logic and imagination. This relates to the concept of a whole brain thinking (not just the left and right brain).

Corporalita

is taking care of oneís body. Ensuring that healthy habits are practiced and sustained. A sound mind is usually the product of a sound body and vice versa.

Connessione

is realizing that all things are interconnected. It is discovering patterns in the way things work and how things and lives work out. Interconnectedness is seeing how events in the past led to the present state of affairs. A closer study of history would make one realize how events in the past explains the present.

Prehistoric and ancient art

were around 44,000 B.C.E. to 400 BCE. It can be considered as the art period that includes cave paintings, fertility statues and bone flutes to approximately the end of the Roman empire.

Prehistoric art

cave art in Sulawesi, Indonesia was discovered in the 1950's. This art is of indigenous mammals; a small water buffalo, a warty pig, and a pig-deer, and hand stencils.

Ancient Art

period includes the works found in classical civilizations like the Greeks and Celts as well as that of the early Chinese dynasties.

Hindu art

This Art reflects the plurality of beliefs, Hindu Temples, which depicts their architecture and where sculptures are found, typically are devoted to different deities. This is portrayed by holy symbols like the Om, an invocation of divine consciousness of God; the swastika, a symbol of auspiciousness; and the lotus flower, a symbol of purity, beauty, fertility, and transcendence.

Chinese art

The important qualities include a love of nature, a credence in the moral and educative capacity of art, an appreciation of simplicity, an gratitude of accomplished brushwork, an interest in viewing the subject from various perspectives, and a loyalty to much-used motifs and designs from lotus leaves to dragons.