Distinctive Theology Test 1

biblical theology

biblical studies+theology studies

Merriam Webster's definition of Theology

the study of religious faith, practice, and experience Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary

Fisher Humphreys definition of theology

Thinking about God.

Theology incorporates _______

philosophy

Exegetical Theology

study of the text related subjects aiding its restoration, interpretation an illustration

Historical Theology

traces the history of God's people in the Bible and of the church since the time of Christ

Systemic Theology

arranges the findings of exegetical and historical theology in logical order under the headings of theological study

(organizing or combining exegetical and historical and making sense of them

Practical Theology

applying theology in the regeneration, sanctification, education, and service of people

- an emphasis on application-- for the sanctification of the people of God

Old Testament primarily written in ________ small portions are in ______

Hebrew; Aramaic

______ is the first official translation of the Old Testament from Hebrew to Greek

LXX (The Septuagint)

paraphrase

preserve meaning, and the objective is clarity

The New Testament is written in _______

Koine Greek and some Aramaic

Koinonia

fellowship

Greek translated to Latin is the _________ in ______ Century AD

Latin Vulgate; 4th

When was the Geneva Bible published?

1560

Translation

Preserves wording, objective and precision; ALWAYS involves a change of Language

Dead Sea Scrolls

oldest copies of the Old Testament Books no chapters and no verses

Archbishop Stephen Langston

Who is responsible for Chapter Divisions in Old and New Testament?

Masoretes

Who is responsible for verse divisions in the OLD TESTAMENT

Stephanus

Who is responsible for verse divisions in the New Testament

Higher Criticisms

focus is on meaning and method of composition can be compared to a telescope

Lower Criticism

textual criticism; spelling wording (syntax) can be compared to looking through a microscope

original reading

Lower Criticism- the purpose is to recover and reconstruct the ________ ___________

autograph

the original/the self writing

Oldest Copy of OT: Dead Sea Scrolls found in

100 BC

Masoretic Text; 900 AD

Prior to the DSS the ________ was the oldest Copy of OT literature

The Reading that is to be preferred is

shorter, harder, explains other variations, best fits with context, comes from the best manuscript

Canon

list, standard, measure, *reed

authoritative

The canon is a collection of sacred writings that are regarded as __________

Tanakh

Jewish Bible; our Old Testament

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Dueteronomy

Torah (law)

Nevi'im

"Prophets"; the second section of the Hebrew scriptures, made up of historical and prophetic books

Joshua, Judges, 1-2 Samuel and 1-2 Kings

Former Prophets

Major Minor and Ketuvim

The latter prophets consist of

Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekial

What are the Major Prophets

Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephania, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi

What are the minor prophets?

Ketuvim

writings; 13 Books

Torah, Nevi'im, Ketuvim

the three parts of the Tanakh

Genesis-Esther

Past (history) of the Old Testament

Job- Psalm

Present (daily living) Old Testament

Isaiah- Malachi

Future of Old Testament

1st is Jesus' life and ministry (gospels)

2nd Jesus' followers (acts)

3rd letters of Paul

Churches

Letters to individuals

Hebrews

General Letters or Catholic Letters

James, Peter, John, Jude

Revelation

New Testament Divisions:

disputed books

Hebrews

James, 2 and 3 John, Jude, 2 Peter

external criteria

Hebrews is disputed because of __________ _________

internal criteria

James, 2 and 3 John, Jude, Peter are disputed among scholars due to _________ _______________

Hermeneutical Gap

the distance between the "then and there" of the original text and the "here and now" of our own life setting.

hermeneutics

interpretation; the art and science of interpretation

exegesis

to lead out of; good bible study(context, history)

exegesis & application

two steps of interpretation

Eisegesis

to lead into... placing your own ideas and beliefs into the text

criticisms can be

critical

analytical

evaluative

oral tradition

Before the text was ever written down it was passed orally a oral critic will study what was it before it was ever written down

Form criticism

concerned with the study of literary form in the Bible compares like with like, determines the characteristic features of a particular type of literature, suggests reasons for these features

Sitz im leben

setting in light

Redaction Criticism

determines how the editor (redactor) of a biblical book utilized his sources, what he omitted and what he added and what his particular bias was

Source Criticism

attempts to discover and define the written material that the different biblical writers used

Synoptic Problem

The problem of explaining the similarities and differences between the three Synoptic Gospels.

German, Mosaic, source-documentary

___________________ redaction critics reject ___________________ authorship and propose the ______________ ____________ hypothesis described as multiple hands with multiple sources over multiple centuries

textual critic

looks at tiny details: spelling, wording, etc

higher criticism

looks at meaning and method

doublets

two differing accounts of the same event

Two-Source Theory

Matthew = Mark + Quelle ("source")

Luke = Mark + Q

Four Source Theory

Matthew = Mark + Q + M(unique to Matthew)

Luke = Mark + Q + L(unique to Luke)

JEDP Theory

Germans proposed a hypothesis called _______________ and their are 5 steps and four sources in this theory

Weaknesses of the JEDP theory

It is a hypothesis, therefore, it assumes a lot of things and the methodology is not precise

There are a lot of source theorists studying and reacting to this theory and they are all coming up with different conclusions.

JEDP violates the unity of the text

judah/yahweh source

the J source of JEDP

elohim/ephraim source

the E source of JEDP

deuteronomy source

the D source of JEDP

priestly source

the P source of JEDP

isaiah 1-39

proto isaiah

isaiah 40-66 or 40-55

deutero isaiah

isaiah 56-66

trito isaiah

exilic

adjective form of "exile"; begins with the fall of Jerusalem & ends with edict of cyrus

pre-exilic

Before the exile

post exilic

after the edict of cyrus

pre-easter

before the resurrection of Jesus; the historical Jesus

post-easter

after the resurrection of Jesus; the christ of faith

theology

the doctrine of God

christology

the doctrine of Christ

pnuematology

the doctrine of the Holy Spirit

Ecclesiology

study of the church

anthropology

doctrine of man

soteriology

doctrine of salvation

eschatology

doctrine of last things: heaven, hell, end times, the second coming

metaphysics

answers "what is reality?"

ontology

the study of being

Hegel

believes reality is ideas

Descartes

believes the gist of reality is human reason

epistemology

answers "what is knowledge? what is truth?"

empiricism

experience

Postivism; Subjectivism

___________ a natural phenomenon where as ____________ is beyond the physical

faith seeking understanding

Neither biblical theology nor Systematic Theology is an end in itself.. BOTH move in the direction of faith seeking understanding and the goals are not differing in principle but distinct in the area of concentration, division of labor

Biblical Theology

belief grounded in the Bible

Descriptive

What the text meant

normative

what the text means

What is an example of Systematic Theology

Apostles' Creed

Orthodoxy

right belief and doctrine that are categorically ordered

Dogmatics

What did systematic theology used to be called?

Characteristics of Dogmatics

Reliance on philosophical studies and apologetics (a defense of the faith) used to articulate what is correct belief

Use of non biblical terminology

Relating the study of the Bible to the subject matter of the Christian life in the modern world

What is the definition dilemma of Biblical Theology?

Theology contained in the Bible (descriptive or historical) theology of biblical authors (more in line with Biblical Theology)

or Theology that accords with the Bible (normative, theological) theology compatible with the Bible (more in line with systematic theology)