protein synthesis
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12 Terms
What organelles are vital for making proteins?
Ribosomes and nucleus
mRNA
The single stranded messenger to take instructions from DNA (in nucleus) to the ribosome ( where the proteins are assembled)
rRNA
Makes the ribosome
tRNA
Carrier of amino acids
Polypeptide
Long chain of amino acids joined together in a specific sequence to form a polypeptide chain which folds to form a protein
Transcript
1st phase of protein synthesis
Occurs in nucleus
DNA double helix unzips
RNA polymerase (enzyme) builds a complementary strand of RNA called mRNA
mRNA is single stranded so can exit nucleus through nucleus pores
Translation
The ribosome reads the mRNA strand in the 5′ → 3′ direction. tRNA molecules bring amino acids and their complementary anticodons pair with the codons on the mRNA strand.