Matthew Chapter 5 Study Guide

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering Matthew Chapter 5, including key Greek terms, Old Testament references, historical background, and character analysis.

When and where was the Sermon on the Mount delivered according to the study guide?

It was delivered approximately 28-29 AD on a mountain near Capernaum, on a plateau overlooking the Sea of Galilee.

What Roman law allowed soldiers to compel civilians to carry their pack for one mile?

The ius viarum law.

According to Matthew 5:3 and Matthew 5:10, who is promised "the kingdom of heaven"?

The poor in spirit (verse 3) and those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake (verse 10).

What is the meaning and origin of the word Raca in Matthew 5:22?

Raca is an Aramaic word of contempt preserved in the Greek text, meaning "empty head" or "foolish one."

Which Old Testament passage is directly quoted in Matthew 5:5 ("Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth")?

Psalm 37:11.

What is the definition and Strong's number for the Greek word MAKARIOS (μακάριος)?

Strong's G3107; means "Blessed, Happy" and describes the state of those living under kingdom values.

How is the Greek word PRAUS (πραῦς) defined in Matthew 5:5?

Strong's G4239; means "Meek, Gentle, Humble." It represents strength under control rather than weakness.

What makes the Greek word EIRENOPOIOS (εἰρηνοποιός) unique in the New Testament?

Strong's G1518; it only appears once in the New Testament and emphasizes the active, intentional pursuit of peace.

What is the definition of the Greek word PLĒROŌ (πληρόω) in Matthew 5:17?

Strong's G4137; means "To Fulfill, Complete, Make Full."

How does the study guide define the Greek word AGAPAŌ (ἀγαπάω)?

Strong's G25; means "To Love with Divine Love." It is the highest form of love, choosing to love the unlovely.

What is the meaning of the Greek word TELEIOS (τέλειος) in Matthew 5:48?

Strong's G5046; means "Perfect, Complete, Mature," pointing to spiritual maturity and conformity to Christ's character.

What was the original legal purpose of Lex Talionis ("an eye for an eye") in the Old Testament?

It was a legal limit on retribution designed for courts to prevent escalating cycles of revenge, rather than an authorization for personal retaliation.

What contrasting phrase does Jesus use six times in Matthew 5 to assert His authority over legalistic tradition?

"Ye have heard that it was said… But I say unto you…"

How does Matthew 5 present Jesus as the "New Moses"?

Jesus goes up on a mountain to teach and fulfill the Law, but transcends Moses by claiming divine authority equal to God.

What thematic bracketing (inclusio) frames Matthew 5?

It opens with verse 3 ("Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven") and closes with verse 48 ("Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect"), bracketing the chapter around kingdom consciousness and God's character.

What does the study guide note regarding the phrase "hate thine enemy" referenced in Matthew 5:43?

The command "hate thine enemy" is NOT in the Old Testament; it was a Pharisaic interpretation.

What symbolic concepts does salt represent in Old Testament allusions and Matthew 5:13?

Preservation, purity, and covenant relationship.