APES Chapter 13 & 12 Multiple Choice Questions (Test)

Which of the following is NOT an example of a potentially renewable or nondepletable energy source?

a) Hydroelectricity

b) Solar energy

c) Nuclear energy

d) Wind energy

e) Geothermal energy

c) Nuclear energy

Renewable energy resources are BEST described as

a) those that are the most cost-effective and support the largest job market

b) those that are, or can be, perpetually available

c) those that are dependent on increasing public demand and decreasing supply

d) those that are being deleted at a faster rate than they are being replenished

e) those that are reusable, and therefore eliminate waste energy released into the environment

b) those that are, or can be, perpetually

available

An energy-efficient building might include all of the following EXCEPT

a) building materials with low thermal inertia

b) a green roof

c) southern exposure with large double-paned windows

d) reused or recycled construction materials

e) photovoltaic solar cells as a source of electricity

a) building materials with low thermal inertia

Which of the following sources of energy is NOT (ultimately) solar-based?

a) Wind

b) Biomass

c) Tides

d) Coal

e) Hydroelectricity

c) Tides

Which of the following demonstrate(s) the use of passive solar energy?

I A south-facing room with stone walls and floors

II Photovoltaic solar cells for the generation of electricity

III A solar oven

a) I only

b) II only

c) III only

d) I and III

e) II and III

d) I and III

A study of small wind turbines in the Netherlands tested the energy output of several models. The results for two models are shown in the graphs on page 373.

Which of the following statements can be inferred from these data?

a) As wind speed increases, energy output decreases

b) The annual energy output of model 1 can exceed 6,000 kWh

c) As energy output surpasses 50 kWh per week, noise pollution increases

d) Model 2 is likely to cause more bird and bat deaths

e) Model 1 is more cost-effective

e) Model 1 is more cost-effective

The primary sources of renewable energy in the United States are

a) solar and wind energy

b) hydroelectricity and tidal energy

c) biomass and hydroelectricity

d) geothermal and tidal energy

e) wind and geothermal energy

c) biomass and hydroelectricity

The environmental impacts of cutting down a forest to obtain wood as fuel for heating and cooking could include

I deforestation and subsequent soil erosion

II release of particulate matter into the air

III a large net rise in atmospheric concentration of sulfur dioxide

a) I only

b) II only

c) III only

d) I and II

e) II and III

d) I and II

Use the diagram on page 374, which represents annual U.S. energy consumption by source and sector for 2007, to respond to questions 9 and 10.

Which of the following statements BEST describes the SOURCES of energy in U.S. energy consumption patterns?

a) Most of the renewable energy is used in the industrial, residential, and commercial sectors

b) Most of the electricity generated in the United States comes from nuclear energy

c) The industrial sector is heavily dependent on coal and renewable energy

d) Fossil fuels continue to be the major energy source for all sectors

e) The transportation sector uses the greatest amount of energy

d) Fossil fuels continue to be the major energy source for all sectors

Use the diagram on page 374, which represents annual U.S. energy consumption by source and sector for 2007, to respond to questions 9 and 10.

Which of the following BEST describes U.S. energy USE?

a) Transportation is the largest end use of energy in the United States

b) Transportation is fueled mainly by coal

c) Electricity generation is the largest end use of energy in the United States

d) Electricity generation is powered mainly by nuclear energy

e) Industry is the largest end use of energy in the United States

c) Electricity generation is the largest end use of energy in the United States

Which of the following statements BEST describes the role of renewable energy in the United States?

a) It is the dominant source of energy

b) It is the largest contributor of greenhouse gases

c) It is a large contributor to the transportation sector

d) Its largest contribution is to the electricity generation sector

e) It is never sustainable

d) Its largest contribution is to the electricity generation sector

In order to best achieve energy sustainability, humans must consider which of the following strategies

I Building large, centralized power plants

II Improving energy efficiency

III Developing new energy technologies

a) I only

b) II only

c) III only

d) I and II

e) I and III

e) I and III

Use Figure 13-3. The region of the U.S. that has the highest solar radiation per day is

• the upper Midwest.

• the desert Southwest.

• the temperate grasslands.

• the coastal plains.

• the deciduous forest region

the desert Southwest.

Using heat from radioactive decay deep within Earth to heat water to spin turbines is an example of

• tidal power.

• geothermal energy.

• biomass.

• hydroelectric power.

• solar energy.

geothermal energy.

The country that generates the most total electricity from wind energy is

• China.

• Denmark.

• the United States.

• Germany.

• Spain.

the United States.

Which country is the world's leading producer of hydroelectricity?

• China

• Brazil

• United States

• France

• South Africa

China

Which of the following would NOT be classified as biomass?

• Straw

• Animal dung

• Charcoal

• Uranium

• Wood

Uranium

LED bulbs are six times as efficient as incandescent bulbs. If a household replaced ten 100-watt bulbs with LED bulbs, how many watts would be saved?

• 175 watts

• 400 watts

• 600 watts

• 833 watts

• 1700 watts

833 watt

What is a key component of sustainable design for a single-family house?

• hydroelectric power

• biomass

• passive solar heating

• tidal energy

• hydrogen fuel cells

passive solar heating

South-facing windows are an example of

• passive solar design.

• active solar energy.

• geothermal design.

• thermal inertia.

• wind power.

passive solar design.

Governments can encourage energy conservation by

I. Raising taxes on fossil fuel use

II. Offering tax credits for replacing old appliances with new ones

III. Investing in smart grid technology

• I only

• II only

• I and III only

• II and III only

• I II, and III

I II, and III

Use Figure 13-4. If the trend from 2006 to 2007 continued, approximately how many kWh would have been generated in 2008?

• 36 Billion

• 40 Trillion

• 42 Billion

• 50 Billion

• 68 Billion

50 Billion

Use Table 13-1. If the cost of electricity is $0.10 per kWh and both LCD televisions are used for four hours per day for the period of one year (365 days), how much less does the Energy Star model cost for that year?

Type of Television On Mode Power Rating

50" Plasma Television 400 watts

52" LCD Television 220 watts

52" LCD Energy Star Television 120 watts

• $480

• $146

• $120

• $14.60

• $1.46

$14.60

Biomass contains modern carbon that can be burned for energy. This type of energy is considered sustainable. Which of the following is true about modern carbon

• It has been buired for millions of years

• It is carbon neutral

• It does not release CO2 into the atmosphere

• In theory, Modern carbon leads to a net increase in atomspheric CO2

• coal, oil, and natural gas all contain modern carbon

It is carbon neutral

Tidal power can only be generated

• during the day.

• in locations with high radioactivity.

• in locations with a large difference between high and low tides.

• if there is a technological breakthrough.

• when the Moon is directly overhead.

in locations with a large difference between high and low tides.

Which of the following are Sun-driven energy types?

I. Wind power

II. Biodiesel

III. Geothermal

• I only

• II only

• III only

• I and II only

• I, II, and III

I and II only

In the United States, only approximately 7% of the energy use is from renewable energy sources. Which of the following is the largest component of that 7%?

• Wind energy

• Biomass

• Hydroelectric

• Solar energy

• Nuclear

Biomass

Which of the following sources of biofuel cannot currently be used at a large scale because of its high cellulose content?

• Corn

• Soybeans

• Sugarcane

• Switchgrass

• Algae

Switchgrass

Use Figure 13-1. More than 80% of U.S. renewable energy is provided by

• biomass and wind energy.

• wind energy and geothermal energy.

• biomass and hydroelectric energy.

• hydroelectric energy and geothermal energy.

• solar energy and hydroelectric energy.

biomass and hydroelectric energy.

A benefit of geothermal energy over hydroelectric energy when generating electricity is that geothermal energy

• does not cause flooding. (correct answer)

• is available in any location.

• requires a specific locale.

• does not require any water.

• never releases dangerous gases.

does not cause flooding.

Use Figure 13-3. What is the best estimate of the highest amount of solar radiation available in the U.S.?

• 15.5 KWh/m2/day

• 10 kWh/m2/day

• 7 kWh/m2/day

• 4.5 kWh/m2/day

• 2.5 kWh/m2/day

7 kWh/m2/day

Use Table 13-1. If a community has 200,000 homes and 1% of those homes have Plasma televisions, how many kWh of excess energy are being consumed every year (365 days) than if those homes had Energy Star LCD televisions instead?

Type of Television On Mode Power Rating

50" Plasma Television 400 watts

52" LCD Television 220 watts

52" LCD Energy Star Television 120 watts

• 350,000 kWh

• 524,000 kWh

• 818,000 kWh

• 1,168,000 kWh

• 4,906,000 kWh

818,000 kWh

Which of the following is the correct type of energy utilized to produce tidal power?

• Radiation

• Kinetic Energy

• Solar Energy

• Potential Energy

• Heat Energy

Kinetic Energy

Use Figure 13-1. By looking at the chart above, what percent of the U.S. energy needs are served by nonrenewable energy sources?

• 7%

• 60%

• 84%

• 93%

• 99%

93%

The benefit of flex-fuel vehicles is

• increased gas mileage.

• burning of only fossil carbon.

• smaller net CO2 emissions.

• the ability to run on both gasoline and E-85.

• stabilized food prices.

the ability to run on both gasoline and E-85.

All of the following are benefits of "green roofs" EXCEPT

• a green roof serves as insulation for the structure.

• a green roof has a cooling effect on the structure and its surroundings.

• a green roof improves the overall air quality of the surroundings.

• all of the above are beneficial.

• none of the above are benefits of "green roofs."

all of the above are beneficial.

An important aspect of utility companies is reducing peak demand events. This is best accomplished by

• Building power plants with larger generating capacity.

• Implementing rolling black outs.

• Keeping an ample supply of coal on hand.

• Allowing customers to pay lower prices for energy when peak demand is low.

• Using renewable sources to generate peak electricity needs.

Allowing customers to pay lower prices for energy when peak demand is low.

One of the biggest limitations to the wide scale use of geothermal energy is the need for

• large amounts of water.

• a suitable site.

• an area with warm water temperatures.

• a cooling system.

• a large amount of land.

a suitable site.

Put the items below in the correct sequence for the generation of electricity using the wind

1 - generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy

2 - wind turns the wind turbine blade

3 - the gear box transfers mechanical energy to the generator

4 - electricity is transferred to the grid

• 1-2-3-4

• 2-1-3-4

• 2-3-1-4

• 2-4-3-1

• 4-2-3-1

2-3-1-4

Because it utilizes the least amount of energy to produce the greatest yield per hectare of land per quantity of fuel, _____ is the most sustainable choice for biodiesel production.

• algae

• switchgrass

• corn

• soybeans

• sugar cane

algae

The largest dam in the world, _____, can generate almost 85,000,000,000 kWh of electricity per year.

• The U.S.;s Hoover Dam

• China's Three Gorges Dam

• Brazil's and Paraguay's Itaipu Dam

• England's Cragside Dam

• Venezuela's Guri Dam

China's Three Gorges Dam

Which of the following would NOT be a method for saving substantial amounts of energy?

• Purchasing Energy Star electronics and appliances.

• Using public transportation instead of private vehicles.

• Replacing fluorescent bulbs with incandescent bulbs in buildings.

• Applying sustainable design principles to new construction.

• Charging electricity customers according to a tiered rate system.

Replacing fluorescent bulbs with incandescent bulbs in buildings.

Annual Energy Use

World Energy Consumption 495 EJ

U.S. Energy Consumption 355 GJ per capita

Assuming a U.S. population of 300 million, approximately how many EJ per year are consumed in the U.S.?

• 177 EJ

• 71 EJ

• 7 EJ

• 11 EJ

• 107 EJ

107 EJ

The primary use of petroleum products is for:

• production of plastics

• production of petrochemicals needed for industry

• production of kerosene as a fuel source

• gasoline for transportation

• extraction of tar and asphalt

gasoline for transportation

Reasons for which petroleum is the chosen fuel for transportation in the U.S. include

I. Its energy value per unit volume

II. Its ability to quickly start or stop providing energy

III. Its low amount of pollution produced per Joule

• I, II, and III

• I only

• III only

• I and II only

• II only

I and II only

Conventional fossil fuel energy resources include all of the following except

• coal

• oil

• natural gas

• uranium

• e. All listed above

uranium

Use the following information for the following question.

Energy Source EROEI

Coal at the mine 30

Oil 23

Natural Gas Onshore 10

Natural Gas Offshore 7

Nuclear power 4

The EROEI for a number of fuel sources is given in the information above. Which would be the most energy efficient?

• Coal

• Oil

• Nuclear power

• Onshore Natural Gas

• Offshore Natural Gas

Coal

Use Figure 12-1. The chart projects the greatest rise from 2007 to 2035 in the use of ___ to provide energy worldwide.

• coal

• nuclear power

• natural gas

• liquids

• renewables

coal

Use Figure 12-1. Which of the following statements is reasonable, according to the information in the chart?

• Renewables will be the largest source of energy in the near future.

• Nuclear power will provide more energy than renewables by 2050.

• By 2050, fossil fuels will no longer provide the majority of the world's energy.

• In 2000, natural gas provided about as much energy as coal.

• The use of nuclear energy is decreasing over time.

In 2000, natural gas provided about as much energy as coal.

Use Figure 12-2. The drop in the use of coal as a fuel in the 1940s corresponds to a rise in the use of ___.

• wind power

• wood

• hydroelectric power

• natural gas

• nuclear power

natural gas

Use Figure 12-4. The curves show that oil production

• is not affected at all by the amount of oil reserves

• will increase exponentially for the foreseeable future

• will increase, decrease, then increase again

• will remain constant

• will reach a peak, then steadily decrease

will reach a peak, then steadily decrease

Use Figure 12-4. Based on the curve, it is believed that finding new petroleum reserves

• will slightly decrease the amount of time it will take to use up all available reserves

• will greatly decrease teh amount of time it will take to use up all available reserves

• will greatly increase the amount of time it will take to use up all available reserves

• will have no effect on the amount of time it will take to use up all available reserves

• will slightly increase the amount of time it will take to use up all available reserves

will slightly increase the amount of time it will take to use up all available reserves

The fossil fuel(s) that pose risks to the environment include

I. coal

II. natural gas

III. petroleum

• I and II only

• I only

• II and III only

• I, II, III

• I and III only

I, II, III

When supplies of a particular energy type are finite, it is known as a

• nondepletable resource

• renewable resource

• nonrenewable resource

• potentially renewable resource

• perpetual resource

nonrenewable resource

Which of the following energy sources is considered nonrenewable?

I. wind

II nuclear fuels

III. fossil fuels

• I and II only

• II only

• I only

• II and III only

• I, II, III

II and III only

Conventional fossil fuel energy resources include all of the following except

• coal

• oil

• natural gas

• All of the above are conventional fossil fuel energy resources

• uranium

uranium

Use Figure 12-5. Approximately what percent of the total world energy consumption is the energy consumed in the US every year?

• 10%

• 35%

• 72%

• 2.2%

• 1.4%

72%

Which of the following is considered to be a subsistence energy source?

I. coal

II. charcoal

III. wood

• I only

• III only

• I and III only

• II and III only

• I, II, and III

II and III only

As countries become more developed, the demand for

• subsistence energy sources increases

• commercial energy sources decreases

• nuclear energy sources decreases

• commercial energy sources increases

• subsistence energy sources equals that for commercial energy sources

commercial energy sources increases

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of energy resource use as the US progressed from the late 1800s to the 1950s?

• wood, coal, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric

• coal, wood, hydroelectric, natural gas, oil

• wood, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric, coal

• oil, wood, coal, natural gas, hydroelectric

• coal, hydroelectric, natural gas, oil, wood

wood, coal, oil, natural gas, hydroelectric

The efficiency of the transfer of energy from a fuel to electricity is approximately

• 3%

• 97%

• 35%

• 50%

• 65%

35%

End users of electricity receive their electricity by way of interconnected transmission lines known as

• the cogeneration grid

• the energy network

• the electrical grid

• the power grid

• the turbine network

the electrical grid

If the capacity of a power plant is 1000 MW and its capacity factor is 0.9, how much energy in MWh can the power plant produce in 1 day?

• 21,600 MWh

• 26,700 MWh

• 9000 MWh

• 27,000 MWh

• 2160 MWh

21,600 MWh

The order of grades of coal froml lowest energy content to highest energy content is

• sub-bituminous, bituminous lignite, anthracite

• lignite, bituminous, sub-bituminous, anthracite

• anthracite, sub-bituminous, bituminous, lignite

• anthracite, lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous

• lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous anthracite

lignite, sub-bituminous, bituminous anthracite

Environmental costs associated with the use of coal include all of the following except

• the creation of highly radioactive waste

• particulates that are released into the atmosphere when coal is burned

• trace metals found in coal

• the transportation of coal from mine to power plant

• degradation to land due to mining techniques

the creation of highly radioactive waste

The primary use of petroleum products is for

• production of petrochemicals needed for industry

• extraction of tar and asphalt

• gasoline for transportation

• production of plastics

• production of kerosene as a fuel source

gasoline for transportation

If an average refrigerator uses 500 watts of energy per hour on a daily basis, and your energy cost is $0.11 per kwh, approximately how much does the energy used by the refrigerator cost per month?

• $132

• $40

• $1.30

• $55

• $13

$40

The most damaging nuclear power plant accident occurred at

• Davis Bessie, Lake Erie USA

• Fukushima, Japan

• Three Mile Island, PA USA

• Chernobyl, Ukraine

Chernobyl, Ukraine

A public health issue related to the use of nuclear energy and radiation exposure is

• black lung

• asthma

• cataracts

• mercury poisoning

• thyroid cancer

thyroid cancer

The premise of a nuclear power plant is to use uranium

• pellets in the fuel rods and the control rods to generate heat and use water to prevent a meltdown

• control rods to control the energy coming from the fuel rods

• pellets in the control rods to regulate energy coming from the fuel rods

• fuel rods to generate heat while using the control rods to prevent a meltdown

• pellets in the fuel rods to generate heat while using control rods to prevent a meltdown

pellets in the fuel rods to generate heat while using control rods to prevent a meltdown

Which of the following resources is the cleanest burning fossil fuel?

• petrolium

• Oil

• Coal

• Natural Gas

Natural Gas

Strontium-90 has a half-life of 29 years. If a site held 2000 kg of this isotope, approximately what mass of Strontium-90 would be left after 116 years?

• 500 kg

• 2000 kg

• 225 kg

• 300 kg

• 1000 kg

225 kg

The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge was created under the Conservation Act of 1980 by President Jimmy Carter. What is so controversial about ANWR?

• Section 1002 set aside land for oil and natural gas exploration in a Wildlife Refuge

• Construction of the Keystone Pipeline

• Protection 19,000,000 is too much land to take from the Natives

• The exploration of Uranium for Nuclear Power

• The potential risk of an off-shore oil disaster like the Deep Sea Horizon

Section 1002 set aside land for oil and natural gas exploration in a Wildlife Refuge

In the 1970's, Americans experienced the Energy Crisis because of an embargo on oil by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC). Which of the following was NOT a result of the energy crisis?

• Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act 1973

• Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975

• A forein race between America and OAPEC to reach Peak Oil

• Department of Energy in 1977

• Use of Public Service Announcement to decrease domestic energy use

A forein race between America and OAPEC to reach Peak Oil