Oxidative Phosphorylation Flashcards

Flashcards about Oxidative Phosphorylation

What are the reduced electron carriers produced by the TCA cycle?

NADH + H+ and FADH2

What is the role of the electron transport chain (ETC)?

Transfer electrons from NADH + H+ and FADH2 to reduce O2 and create H2O.

Name 4 prosthetic groups that act as electron carriers in the ETC.

FMN, FAD, haem, Fe-S clusters

What is ubiquinone also known as?

Q or CoenzymeQ or CoQ

What is the function of ubiquinone in the ETC?

Transfers electrons from Complex I and Complex II to Complex III.

What does a more positive redox potential (E’0) indicate?

A molecule will more readily accept electrons (be reduced).

What is the destination of protons (H+) during electron transport?

Intermembrane space

What gradient is created by pumping protons into the intermembrane space?

Electrochemical gradient

Which complex of the ETC does NOT pump protons?

Complex II

What two gradients are created by the transfer of protons across the inner membrane?

H+ concentration gradient (pH gradient) and a voltage gradient (membrane potential)

What is the function of F0 in ATP synthase?

Embedded in the inner membrane and rotates as protons flow through.

What is the function of F1 in ATP synthase?

Site of ATP synthesis.

What is the function of the stalk in ATP Synthase?

Transmits the energy from the rotary motion of F0 to F1

What are the three states of ATP synthesis in F1?

O (Open), L (Loose), and T (Tight)

What is oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)?

Coupling of ATP synthesis to electron transport.

Define 'oxidative' in the context of oxidative phosphorylation.

Each component of the electron transport chain is oxidised as they pass electrons to the next.

Define 'phosphorylation' in the context of oxidative phosphorylation.

ADP is phosphorylated using Pi to create ATP.

Approximately how many ATP are produced by reoxidizing one NADH?

2.5 ATP

What is the effect of increased ADP concentration on O2 uptake?

Increases rate of O2 uptake.

How do uncouplers affect the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Create channels in the inner mitochondrial membrane making permeable to protons and dissipating the proton gradient without ATP synthesis.