Planning in india
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187 Terms
Who wrote "Planned Economy for India" in 1934?
M. Visvesvaraya
What did M. Visvesvaraya propose in his 1934 book?
A 10-year plan for India's economy
Who is known as the father of Indian planning?
M. Visvesvaraya
Under which act were provincial elections held in 1937?
Government of India Act, 1935
When were the 1937 provincial elections held?
January-February 1937
How many provinces did Congress win with absolute majority in 1937?
5
In how many provinces did Congress form government in 1937?
6
When did Congress form governments in 6 provinces?
July 1937
In which year did the INC accept the idea of introducing a national plan?
1937
Where was the 1938 Congress conference held?
Haripur
Who chaired the National Planning Committee formed in 1938?
Jawaharlal Nehru
Why was the National Planning Committee’s work delayed?
Due to World War II and political developments
Around what year were the sub-committee reports of the National Planning Committee published?
1948
Who headed FICCI in 1934?
N. R. Sarkar
What did FICCI propose in 1934?
Establishment of a National Planning Commission
What is the Bombay Plan also known as?
Tata-Birla Plan
How many years was the Bombay Plan designed for?
15 years
When was the Bombay Plan proposed?
1944
Who was the chairman of the Bombay Plan?
J.R.D. Tata
Who was the vice-chairman of the Bombay Plan?
G.D. Birla
Who were two other key contributors to the Bombay Plan?
Ardeshir Dalal, A.D. Shroff
Which plan was based on Gandhian principles?
Gandhian Plan
Who proposed the Gandhian Plan?
Shriman Narayan and Acharya S.N. Agarwal
Which industries were emphasized in the Gandhian Plan?
Agriculture, small and cottage industries
Which plan is known as the Communist Plan?
People’s Plan
Who proposed the People’s Plan?
M.N. Roy
When was the People’s Plan published?
April 1945
Which plan did Jayaprakash Narayan propose?
Sarvodaya Plan
When was the Sarvodaya Plan proposed?
January 1950
When was the Interim Government formed?
1946
Under which plan was the Interim Government formed?
Cabinet Mission Plan
What committee was formed by the Interim Government for planning?
K.C. Niyogi Committee
When did the Niyogi Committee submit its report?
1947
What was one key recommendation of the Niyogi Committee?
Establishment of the Planning Commission
What did the report assess regarding India?
Material, capital, and human resources
What was emphasized for food security?
Agricultural development
What reforms did the report suggest in governance?
Administrative reforms
What kind of planning body was recommended?
Advisory Planning Commission
What was the proposal regarding state representation?
One body with representatives from all Indian states
What was a goal of industrialization in the report?
Boost economic growth
When was the Planning Commission formed?
15 March 1950
Was the Planning Commission constitutional?
No, it was a non-constitutional body
What was the main role of the Planning Commission?
To make plans
Who was the chairman of the Planning Commission?
Prime Minister of India
Who appointed the Vice Chairman of the Planning Commission?
Union Cabinet
What was the status of the Vice Chairman?
Cabinet Minister
Who were ex-officio members of the Planning Commission?
Finance Minister, Planning Minister, and CMs
Who was the first Chairman of the Planning Commission?
Jawaharlal Nehru
Who was the last Chairman of the Planning Commission?
Dr. Manmohan Singh
Who was the first Vice Chairman of the Planning Commission?
Gulzari Lal Nanda
Who was the last Vice Chairman of the Planning Commission?
Montek Singh Ahluwalia
Which plan recommended formation of NDC?
First Five-Year Plan (1951–56)
When was the NDC established?
6 August 1952
Was the NDC a constitutional body?
No, it was a non-constitutional body
Who chaired the National Development Council?
Prime Minister of India
What was the function of the NDC?
Final approval of Five-Year Plans
What is Periodic Planning?
Planning done in short terms to achieve long-term goals
How long are periodic plans usually?
Typically five years
What is Perspective Planning?
Long-term planning, usually for 15 to 20 years
What are the three stages of Perspective Planning?
Long-term, Mid-term, Short-term targets
What is the focus of long-term planning?
Structural transformation and sustainable growth
What does mid-term planning do?
Reviews and adjusts plans for 7–10 years
What does short-term planning focus on?
Immediate goals like budgets or 3-year action plans
What macroeconomic challenges are addressed in planning?
Poverty, unemployment, GDP, disparities
What is Imperative Planning?
Government-mandated planning as seen in communist nations
Who controls production in Imperative Planning?
Government
What kind of economy lacks a free market?
Command economy
What restricts private sector in a command economy?
Government production quotas and pricing
What planning style did India adopt post-independence?
Mixed economy
When was India declared a mixed economy?
1948 Industrial Policy
What type of economy did India incline towards post-independence?
Socialism
How were industries classified in 1956 policy?
Into three categories
What was imposed on private industries in 1956?
Production and price controls
What policy era was called “License-Quota Raj”?
Post-1956 Industrial Policy
Which Act limited the growth of large private firms?
MRTP Act, 1969
How many banks were nationalized in 1969?
14 banks
How many banks were nationalized in 1980?
6 banks
What increased government control over money in 1969 and 1980?
Bank nationalization
What characteristics did Indian economy show till 1990?
Command planning
What policy was introduced in 1991 to reform economy?
New Economic Policy
Which plan introduced indicative planning?
Eighth Five-Year Plan (1992–97)
In which year was Planning Commission abolished?
2015
Who was the Prime Minister when Planning Commission was abolished?
Narendra Modi
What replaced the Planning Commission?
NITI Aayog
What is NITI Aayog?
Policy think tank replacing the Planning Commission
What is the full form of NITI?
National Institution for Transforming India
Is NITI Aayog a constitutional body?
No
What was the primary objective of the Bombay Plan?
Industrial and infrastructural development
Who were the 8 industrialists involved in the Bombay Plan?
JRD Tata, GD Birla, Ardeshir Dalal, PD Thakurdas, Kasturbhai Lalbhai, A.D. Shroff, Dr. John Mathai, Lala Shri Ram
What type of economy did the Bombay Plan support?
Capitalist with state intervention
What was the main criticism of the Bombay Plan?
It favored big industrialists
What did the Gandhian Plan emphasize?
Decentralization and self-sufficiency
Which principle inspired the Gandhian Plan?
Gandhiji's Trusteeship Theory
What sectors were prioritized in the Gandhian Plan?
Agriculture and cottage industries
What was the People’s Plan based on?
Socialist/Marxist ideology
What did the People’s Plan aim to nationalize?
All agriculture and large-scale industries
Who supported the People’s Plan ideologically?
Communist Party of India
What was the timeframe for the People’s Plan?
10 years
What kind of ownership did the People’s Plan recommend?
Collective ownership
What did the Sarvodaya Plan emphasize?
Welfare of all (Sarvodaya = upliftment of all)