Apologia chemistry module 3

module 3 chem

Who contributed to finding protons?

Ernest Rutherford

Who discovered the neutron?

James Chadwick

What was the experimental apparatus that Crooke used in his experiment?

Crookes tube (cathode ray tube)

What is the plum pudding model?

They thought that electrons were floating in a positively charged “pudding”

Particle/Wave Duality Theory

The theory that light sometimes behaves as a particle and sometimes behaves as a wave

Wavelength

The distance between two consecutive crests or troughs in a wave

Amplitude

A measure of height of the crests (or depths of the troughs)

Physical Constant

A measurable quantity in nature that does not change

Frequency

The number of wave cycles to pass a given point per unit of time

Speed of light- C

3x10 ^₈ ᵐ⁄ₛ

Amplitude is responsible for

Brightness and wavelength for color

How are wavelength and frequency related?

When Wavelength is large, Frequency is small. When Wavelength is small Frequency is large.

How are frequency and energy related?

As frequency increases its energy increases

up = up

down = down

Frequency equation

Frequency = speed of light / wavelength

F= C/λ

What is an orbital?

A region of space around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found

Energy of light equation

E = hf (E = energy of photon

Ground State

The lowest energy state of an atom

Planck's constant

6.626 × 10 ^-34 J/H_z

When do electrons emit light?

When they move to a lower energy level

What wavelengths correspond with what colors?

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