animal kingdom

metazoa

eukaryotes, multicellular

eumetazoa

“true animals”, tissues

bilateria

bilateral symmetry, anterior and posterior, ventral and dorsal

protostomia

mouth

ecdysozoa

shed outer cuticle 

chordata/vertebrata

vertebrae (backbone)

echinodermata characteristics

marine, body has pentaradial symmetry, body supported by hard skeletal plates, water vascular system, predators or grazers

tetrapoda

four legs

amniota

land animals, amniotic egg

porifera characteristics

mostly marine, filter feeding, body is irregular shaped, body is supported by tough protein and often by hard spicules, humans exploit some species

cnidaria characteristics

almost all are marine, catch food with stinging cells on their tentacles, some species are venomous, radial symmetry, only one opening for mouth/anus, body is soft no skeletal structures

annelida characteristics

marine/freshwater/terrestrial species, eat soil microorganisms/blood/larger prey, segmented bodies with clear bilateral symmetry, body supported by fluid filled body cavity, important for soil health

platyhelminthes characteristics

moist soil or water for free living, internal parasites, may not be all closely related, free living eat detritus or are predators, complex life cycles in parasitic forms

mollusca characteristics

marine/freshwater/terrestrial species, filter feed/graze/catch larger prey, body is soft and protected by a shell, no internal skeleton, clear bilateral symmetry, very diverse group

nematoda characteristics

free living and parasitic roundworms

arthropoda characteristics

jointed legs and segmented body, exoskeleton made of tough carbohydrate chitin, clear bilateral symmetry

chondrichthyes characteristics

cartilage skeleton

mammalia characteristics

hair or fur, mammary glands that produce milk, warm blooded

porifera examples

sponges

cnidaria examples

jellyfish, coral, sea anemone

nematoda examples

roundworms- pinworm, hookworm, threadworm

annelida examples

segmented worms- earthworm, leech, bristle worm

platyhelminthes examples

flatworms- tapeworm, flukes

arthropoda examples

insects, spiders, scorpions, centipedes, crustaceans

mollusca examples

slugs, snails, octopuses, mussels, oysters, squid

chondrichthyes examples

sharks, rays, ratfish

jawless fish examples

lamprey, hagfish

jawless fish characteristics

no jaw or fins

amphibia characteristics

cold blooded, scaleless skin, often water and land

amphibia examples

frogs, toads, salamaders, caecilians

actinopterygii characteristics

ray finned fishes, bony skeleton

actinopterygii examples

bass, pike, zebrafish, clownfish, walleye

reptilia characteristics

cold blooded, dry scaly skin, often lay eggs

reptilia examples

lizards, snakes, birds, crocodiles, turtles, alligators

mammalia examples

placentals, egg laying, marsupials

echinodermata examples

sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers