Summer AP Chemistry

giga smybol

G

mega symbol

M

kilo symbol

K

hecto symbol

H

deka symbol

Da

deci symbol

D

centi symbol

C

milli symbol

M

micro symbol

µ

nano symbol

N

giga in numerical form

1,000,000,000

mega in numerical form

1,000,000

kilo in numerical form

1,000

hecto in numerical form

100

deka in numerical form

10

deci in numerical form

.1

centi in numerical form

.01

milli in numerical form

.001

micro in numerical form

.000001

nano in numerical form

.000000001

giga in exponential form

10⁹

mega in exponential form

10⁶

kilo in exponential form

10³

hecto in exponential form

10²

deka in exponential form

10¹

deci in exponential form

10^-1

centi in exponential form

10^-2

milli in exponential form

10^-3

micro in exponential form

10^-6

nano in exponential form

10^-9

1000 grams

1 kilogram in grams =

.01 meters

1 centimeter in meters =

10^-9 seconds

1 nanosecond =

5280 feet

1 mile in feet =

3 feet

1 yard in feet =

12 inches

1 foot in inches =

2000 pounds

1 ton in pounds =

16 ounces

1 pound in ounces =

4 quarts

1 gallon in quarts =

2 pints

1 quart in pints =

2 cups

1 pint in cups =

2.54 centimeters

1 inch in centimeters =

1609 meters

1 mile in meters =

454 grams

1 pound in grams =

28.31 grams

1 ounce in grams =

3.78 liters

1 gallon in liters =

4.93 milliliters

1 teaspoon in milliliters =

K = C + 273.15

Kelvin to Celsius Conversion

F = (9/5)C + 32

Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion

Significant Figures Rules for Numbers with a Decimal

1. Count from Left to Right

2. Start at the first non-zero number until the end of the numbers

Significant Figure Rules for Numbers without a Decimal

1. Count from Right to Left

2. Start at the first non-zero number until the end of the numbers

• round to the same number of decimal places as the measurement with the fewest decimal places

Significant Figure Rules for Addition and Subtraction

• round to the same number of significant figures as the measurement with the fewest significant figures

Significant Figure Rules for Multiplication and Division

H⁺¹

hydrogen as a monoatomic cation

Li⁺¹

lithium as a monoatomic cation

Na⁺¹

sodium as a monoatomic cation

K⁺¹

potassium as a monoatomic cation

Mg⁺²

magnesium as a monoatomic cation

Ca⁺²

calcium as a monoatomic cation

Ba⁺²

barium as a monoatomic cation

Al⁺³

aluminium as a monoatomic cation

Ag⁺¹

silver as a monoatomic cation

Zn⁺²

zinc as a monoatomic cation

H^-1

hydride as a monoatomic anion

F^-1

fluoride as a monoatomic anion

Cl^-1

chloride as a monoatomic anion

Br^-1

bromide as a monoatomic anion

I^-1

iodide as a monoatomic anion

O^-2

oxide as a monoatomic anion

S^-2

sulfide as a monoatomic anion

N^-3

nitride as a monoatomic anion

P^-3

phosphide as a monoatomic anion

Cu⁺¹

copper(I) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Cu⁺²

copper(II) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Fe⁺²

iron(II) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Fe⁺³

iron(III) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Sn⁺²

Tin(II) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Sn⁺⁴

Tin(IV) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Cr⁺²

Chromium(II) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Cr⁺³

Chromium(III) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Pb⁺²

Lead(II) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Pb⁺⁴

Lead(IV) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Mn⁺²

Manganese(II) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Mn⁺⁴

Manganese(IV) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Hg₂⁺¹

Mercury(I) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

Hg⁺²

Mercury(II) as a cation with multiple oxidation states

cuprous

copper(I) alternate name

cupric

copper(II) alternate name

ferrous

iron(II) alternate name

ferric

iron(III) alternate name

stannous

Tin(II) alternate name

stannic

Tin(IV) alternate name

chromous

Chromium(II) alternate name

chromic

Chromium(III) alternate name

plumbous

Lead(II) alternate name

plumbic

Lead(IV) alternate name

manganous

Manganese(II) alternate name

manganic

Manganese(IV) alternate name

mercurous

Mercury(I) alternate name

mercuric

Mercury(II) alternate name